Art History Final

Content can be a powerful focal point in a work of art. In Edgar Degas' Woman Leaning near a Vase of Flowers, the focal point of the composition is the ____.

daydreaming woman

Baghdad born Zaha Hadid is a ____ architect who's design for the Chanel Mobile Art Pavilion ____.

deconstructivist: echoes the iconic quilted handbags of the haute couture house of Chanel

In his Creation of Adam scene from the Sistine Chapel ceiling, Michelangelo created the most ____ in the history of art as God reached out to spark life into Adam.

dramatic negative space

The movement away from a realistic representation of subjects toward abstraction took many forms, but Paul Cézanne led the way toward modernism with his ____, as seen in his Still Life with Basket of Apples.

drastic collapsing of space, forcing imagery to the picture plane

Although the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris was begun in the Early Gothic period, later modifications led to High Gothic style developments such as the ____.

elimination of the triforium and use of flying buttresses

Palmer Hayden's The Subway represents a demographic and ethnic cross-section of the strap-hanging riders of 1930s New York City and thus demonstrates ____.

emphasis on variety

Like many of Arshile Gorky's later paintings, The Liver is the Cock's Comb is composed of unstable, organic shapes that remind us of ____.

erotic panoramas

For his Twittering Machine, Paul Klee was influenced in part by ____.

ethnographic and children's art

As the Gothic period progressed, all of the following architectural innovations occurred except ____.

exterior walls appeared heavier

Jacopo Pontormo's Mannerist Entombment depicts all of the following except ____.

faces that are calm and display no emotion

The Nkisi Nkondi or Hunter Figure from the Congo is considered a ____ because nails were hammered into it to ward off evil and cause pain to wrongdoers.

fetish figure

In his eroticized Two Women's Torsos, Willem de Kooning combines biomorphic, organic shapes with harsh, jagged lines; however, we also see that he is one of the few Abstract Expressionists who never completely surrendered ____ painting.

figurative

In Constantin Brancusi's sculptures, such as Bird in Space, he reached for the essence of the subject by ____.

finding the simplest form that, along with a title, would fire recognition in the viewer

____, once called the "most ambitious piece of jewelry since the crown jewels," is a diamond encrusted skull by British artist Damien Hirst.

for the love of God

The main narrative or subject matter of Barbara Kruger's Untitled: We Don't Need Another Hero is ____.

gender ideology

The circles, squares, patterning, and rigid wedge-shaped torsos depicted on the Dipylon Vase indicate that it is a fine example of the ____ period of Greek art.

geometric

In Emily Mary Osborne's Nameless and Friendless, ____ visually connect and lead the viewer's eye around the composition.

gestures and glances

It is believed that at one time the two colossal Buddhas, carved out of living rock at Bamiyan, Afghanistan, and destroyed by the Taliban in 2001, were ____.

gilded, plastered and painted

Minimalist artists of the 1960s were committed to ____ as the basis for their compositions.

intellectual theory and mathematics

Auguste Rodin's The Burghers of Calais is considered a groundbreaking Impressionist sculpture because of its ____.

intense realism and highly textured surfaces that capture the play of light

All of Rembrandt's paintings, drawings, and prints seem to focus on ____.

introspection and psychological situations

In Family of Saltimbanques, Picasso places visual emphasis on the seated woman in the painting through ____.

isolation

Appropriation artist Vik Muniz collected ____ from a neighborhood in ____ for his Sisyphus, after Titian.

junk; Rio de Janeiro

Jean Tinguely once remarked that "The only stable thing is movement." This reminds us that he was a ____ sculptor.

kinetic

Indian artist Subodh Gupta's Silk Route is composed entirely of ____.

kitchen utensils

Much of the art of the Hellenistic period, like The Dying Gaul, illustrates that period's preoccupation with ____.

high drama, unleashed passion, and theatrical excess

Although the Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs of Meso-America all made great advances in their civilizations prior to the arrival of the Spanish, they also all shared the practice of ____.

human sacrifice

In Four Marilyns, Pop artist Andy Warhol participated in the cultural ____ of the film star and icon Marilyn Monroe.

immortalization

In works with ____, the lines are completed by the viewer.

implied line

Myron's Discobolos or Discus Thrower is representative of the most significant development in Early Classical art: the introduction of ____.

implied movement in sculpture

Diagonal lines are often used to ____.

imply movement and directionality

In both the Akkadian Victory Stele of Naram Sin and the Egyptian Narmer Palette, the kings are depicted ____.

in combined frontal and profile view and larger than surrounding figures

Empire period Roman sculpture, as represented in Augustus of Primaporta, was often an interesting juxtaposition of ____ heads with idealized bodies.

individualized

For his mysterious Las Meninas, or the ____, Diego Velázquez dissolved his forms into small, roughly textured brushstrokes that would be the hallmark of ____ two centuries later.

maids in waiting; Impressionism

According to Polykleitos, the head of an ideal human body should be ____ of the total height of the body.

one-eighth

The Fallen Warrior from the Temple of Aphaia at Aegina was posed in such a way that the body's form corresponded to the sharp angles of the ____ on which it was placed.

pediment

Jeff Koons used ____ to produce his highly polished Elephant sculpture.

stainless steel

Judy Pfaff's nonobjective painting Voodoo leads viewers to try to find subject matter in the work based on its ____.

title

The art produced by the people of the Caribbean and Latin America tends to reflect all of the following themes except ____.

affection for the colonizing country

What inspired Picasso to create his groundbreaking painting known as Les Demoiselles d'Avignon?

African and Iberian art

In Nighthawks, Edward Hopper's desolate scene of late night diners in a city café, the scene seems to be set in the period of the ____.

1940s

Superrealism is firmly rooted in a long, realistic tradition in the arts but, as a recognized artistic movement of the 1970s, it is also in part a reaction against ____.

20th- century abstraction and expressionism

Netherlandish painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder's The Peasant Wedding is an excellent example of ____.

A genre painting

Although there is much variety amongst the characters in Archibald Motley Jr.'s Saturday Night, the overall composition is unified by ____.

A glowing red color field

In Wasily Kandinsky's Sketch I for Composition VII, all of the following elements are found except ____.

A mood of impending doom and despair

When Michelangelo was only 27, he carved the 13 1/2-foot statue of David from ____.

A single piece of almost unworkable marble

____ is characterized by spontaneous execution, large gestural brushstrokes, abstract or abstracted imagery, and intense color fields, all produced on large, monumental canvases.

Abstract Expressionism

The American photographer ____ first supported the development of abstract art in America by exhibiting modern European works alongside American art in his ____.

Alfred Stieglitz; 291 Gallery

Joan Miró said, "My way is to seize an image that moment it has formed in my mind, to trap it as a bird and to pin it at once to canvas. Afterward I start to tame it, to master it. I bring it under control, and I develop it." Miró was a(n) ____.

Automatist surrealist

The famous Neoclassical painter ____ painted herself into her allegorical work entitled The Artist in the Character of Design Listening to the Inspiration of Poetry.

Angelica Kauffman

Variations such as the use of complementary colors and the hazy double of the clear, detailed face of the dog contribute to make William Wegman's Ethiopia an example of ____.

Approximate symmetry

During the ____ period of Greek art, an architectural format was developed that served as a model for all later Greek temples. The central room of the temple was known as a ____.

Archaic; cella

During the Classical period, ____ became the center of Greek art and culture under the dynamic statesman ____.

Athens; Pericles

In Robert Mapplethorpe's photography, such as Ken Moody and Robert Sherman, he drew the world's attention to what it was like to ____.

Be gay and living in America

The Die Brücke painter Emil Nolde painted Dance Around the Golden Calf, a lush, colorful, frenzied depiction of a(n) ____.

Biblical event related to the worshiping of an idol by the Israelites

Helen Frankenthaler's ____ is in many ways a reconciliation between gesture and color-field Abstract Expressionism.

Blue, Orange, Red

For Charlemagne's Palatine Chapel at Aachen, he combined a(n) ____.

Byzantine central plan with an octagonal dome

In La Source, Prud'hon's nude figure is ____.

Carefully modeled and three dimensional

Peter Paul Ruben's The Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus depicts a scene from Greek mythology in which two mortal women are seized by ____, the twin sons of Zeus.

Castor and Pollux

The emperor Maxentius ordered construction of a large basilica near the Roman forum. Little of it remains today, but its design set the precedent for many subsequent ____.

Christian churches

What civilization was obsessed with its idea of beauty, and developed mathematical formulas for sculpting the human body so it would achieve ideal perfection?

Classical Greeks

The dissolution of surfaces and study of local color was central to ____ art, which is dramatically evident in a series of canvases depicting ____ from a variety of angles, during different times of day and seasons.

Claude Monet's; Rouen Cathedral

Roy Lichtenstein's Forget It, Forget Me! is an example of Pop Art that has the visual appearance of a(n) ____.

Comic Strip

One of the best ways to illustrate stylistic differences between works of art is to choose several works that have a ____.

Common theme

The colors opposite each other on the color wheel are ____.

Complementary

The Roman equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius still exists only because it was mistakenly believed to be a portrait of ____, the first emperor to recognize Christianity.

Constantine

The jamb figures of Mary and Elizabeth on the west portal of Reims Cathedral are placed in a naturalistic weight-shift stance also known as ____.

Contrapposto

Which of the following paintings did Eve Sussman attempt to reenact on a Brooklyn tennis court?

David's The Intervention of the Sabine Women

From the Latin word meaning wedge, ____ was a system of writing developed by the Sumerians.

Cuneiform

Along with their interest in psychoanalysis, the Surrealists also incorporated some of the attitudes and techniques of the ____ movements.

Dada and Fantastic art

Aimed at challenging traditional aesthetics, ethics, morality, and even good taste, ____ may be best known for his infamous installation, The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living.

Damien Hirst

Much of ancient Egypt's art and many of its monuments were, in one way or another, linked to ____.

Death or worship of the dead

Wassily Kandinsky, a major proponent of ____, is recognized as the first painter of ____.

Der Blaue Reiter; pure abstractions

The process of organizing the visual elements to achieve a desired aesthetic in a work of art is known as ____.

Design

Which of the following shapes can be considered a cultural icon?

all of these choices

Over 600 huge, jutting, monolithic figures, all with the same angular sweep of nose and chin, still survive on ____.

Easter island

"I saw the flaming clouds like blood and a sword¾the bluish-black fjord and town¾my friends walked on¾I stood there¾trembling with anxiety¾and I felt as though Nature were convulsed by a great unending scream." This quote is describing ____.

Edward Munich's the scream

Spain was one of the wealthiest European countries during the Baroque and lavishly supported the arts, at least partly due to ____.

an influx of riches from the New World

The shocking realism depicted in Thomas Eakins' The Gross Clinic stems from his ____.

Experience working with live models and dissecting corpses

The representation of incredible images from the artist's mind is known as ____, and one of the most whimsical of these artists is ____.

Fantastic art; Paul Klee

Marc Chagall's self-portrait I and the Village can best be described as a depiction of ____.

Fantasy

Hans Hoffman is considered a key post-war transitional artist whose paintings, such as The Golden Wall, were influenced by ____.

Fauvist coloring and Cubist design

For his bronze statue of David, the first life-size nude since classical times, Donatello chose ____ as a prototype.

an underdeveloped adolescent boy

Matthew Barney, considered by Stephen Holden of the NY Times to be "the most important artist of his generation," is best known for his Cremaster series of ____.

Films

In St. Sernin, the ceiling structure is a stone barrel vault, which was necessary for ____.

Fireproofing

As seen in the Processional Frieze from the royal audience hall in Persepolis, Persian art is characterized by a combination of stylized floral motifs and ____.

Fleshy, well rounded human figures more deeply carved than Assyrian relief sculpture

Before the Baroque period ended, ____ began to replace Rome as the center of the art world and ____ was the principal exponent of its official style.

France; Nicolas Poussin

In Umberto Boccioni's Dynamism of a Soccer Player, we see the ____ obsession with illustrating images in perpetual motion.

Futurist

Anselm Keifer's paintings and monumental sculpture all reflect the heavy weight of his consciousness as a ____.

German

Which of the following is not considered Deconstructivist architecture?

Gordon Bunshaft's Lever House

____ is both a very realistic portrait of rural life in America and an icon of American art due to its many commercial reproductions on cereal boxes, greeting cards, posters, and the like.

Grant Wood's American Gothic

In St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice, the arms of its cross plan are equal in length and the interior focus is a central dome. This is known as a(n) ____.

Greek cross plan

Picasso protested the horror and brutality of the Spanish civil war in his 1937 masterpiece painting known as ____.

Guernica

James Abbott McNeill Whistler's Arrangement in Black and Gray: The Artist's Mother exhibits a combination of realism and abstraction that was strongly influenced by ____.

Gustave Courbet and Japanese prints

Unlike Romanesque sculpture, Gothic sculptural figures ____.

Have drapery folds that are soft and reveal anatomy

Which of the following statements concerning Diego Velázquez's painting techniques is false?

He favored idealized, classical figures.

In expressionistic art, the artist intentionally distorts colors and forms in the composition in order to achieve a(n) ____.

Heightened emotional impact

Vincent van Gogh was so taken with Japanese woodblocks that he made an oil painting of ____.

Hiroshige's Rain Shower on Ohashi Bridge

Which of the following statements about Edgar Degas is not true?

His pictorial spatial organization was derived from Renaissance prototypes.

Judy Chicago's triangular installation called The Dinner Party was constructed to honor and immortalize ____.

History's notable women

The ancient Greeks considered themselves to be the center of the universe or "the measure of all things," a concept known as ____.

Humanism

Mark Tansey's Landscape depicts three-dimensional massive shapes on a two-dimensional surface, creating what is known as ____.

Implied mass

Oskar Kokoschka's frenzied brushstrokes in The Tempest are thought to mirror his own ____.

Inner torment

The forms and composition of Titian's Venus of Urbino were evolved primarily from ____.

Interactions of colors and contrast of textures

It is obvious that Paul Gauguin's Vision After the Sermon is a Synthetic painting because ____.

It combines unnaturalistic color with symbolism

The Hudson River School was a group of artists who painted the beauty of the natural American landscape with a sense of romanticism that was embodied in the writings of ____.

James Fenimore Cooper

Large-scale tomb sculptures that were intended to house the spirit of the deceased if mummification failed were known as ____.

Ka figures

Considered a true Renaissance man, ____ excelled in engineering, the natural sciences, anatomy, music, and technological prototypes, not to mention creating some of the world's best loved paintings.

Leonardo da Vinci

The massive dome of Hagia Sophia appears to be light and graceful due to ____.

Light filtering through arched windows at its base

Using their signature combination of the body and braided hair, the Gerlovins created a modern revision of ____, one of the most popular themes of the Renaissance.

Madonna and Child

From the Italian for "light-dark," what term is sometimes used in place of the word modeling?

chiaroscuro

____ was an American Expatriate painter who spent most of her life in France primarily painting scenes of women and children.

Mary Cassatt

It was during the Neolithic period that ____ monuments were erected and the most famous example is ____.

Megalithic; Stonehenge

The term labyrinthine well describes the huge, sprawling Palace at Knossos and the term comes from the myth of the ____.

Minotaur

The 16th century artists Leonardo da Vinci produced what is perhaps the most famous painting in the history of Western art. This painting is known as ____.

Mona Lisa

In the highly decorated stone effigy of Coatlicue, the Aztec ____, her skirt is formed from ____.

Mother of Gods; carved serpents

Glass sculptor Dale Chihuly's Fioridi Como, located in Las Vegas' Bellagio Hotel, is a 70-foot-long ceiling piece reminiscent of the shapes and brilliant colors of Venice's renowned ____ glass.

Murano

Swiss artist Pipilotti Rist was the first artist to adapt a ____ aesthetic and her most common subject is ____.

Music video; her own nude body

During the Old Kingdom period of Egyptian art, a new manner of representing the human figure developed that would last thousands of years. It was characterized by all of the following except ____.

Naturalistic depiction of the human figure

____ shut down the Bauhaus in 1933, forcing many of its faculty, including Walter Gropius and Mies van der Rohe, to flee to the United States.

Nazis

The title of Jennifer Bartlett's composition Spiral: An Ordinary Evening in New Haven is an integral part of the work. This interplay between the verbal and the visual is one of the hallmarks of ____.

New Image painting

Which of the following is not an example of globalization?

New York is the center of the art world

Surrealism began as a literary movement after World War I, and the group based their writings on the nonrational using a technique known as ____ writing.

automatic

____ was one of the first and most important churches erected during the Early Christian period. With its long nave and apse at one end, it was a(n) ____ plan church.

Old St. Peter's; Latin Cross

Willie Bester's collage Semekazi (Migrant Miseries) was intended to symbolize the ____.

Oppression of South Africa apartheid

African masks have always varied widely in style from tribe to tribe, but ____ art was heavily influenced by simple, abstract, geometric examples such as the Etoumba mask.

Pablo Picasso's

African-American artist Faith Ringgold records the story of her life and dreams on a Harlem rooftop. Her painted memories are depicted within the framework of a(n) ____.

Patchwork Quilt

The first centuries after the death of Jesus, before Emperor Constantine proclaimed religious tolerance for Christians, were known as the ____.

Period of Persecution

Which of the following Baroque painters was an ambassador, diplomat, and court painter to dukes and kings and supervised a huge workshop of assistants?

Peter Paul Rubens

The contrast of textures and fluidity and spontaneity of movement found in the Parthenon's pediment grouping called The Three Goddesses is typical of the ____ style.

Phidian

Works such as the gold Scythian plaque from Siberia were primarily made by ____, and the designs reflect their fascination with ____

barbarian tribes; fantastic human-animal forms

The Post-Impressionist Georges Seurat's painting technique is known as ____, which is a meticulous application of pigment that he derived from the study of ____.

Pointillism; color theories

Because Cimabue and Giotto's paintings combine Late Gothic and Early Renaissance styles, they are classified as ____.

Proto-Renaissance

Using the laws of perspective in his Holy Trinity fresco, Masaccio created the illusion of an extension of the architectural space of the church by painting a(n) ____.

barrel vaulted chapel with holy and common figures

In Martina Lopez' Heirs Come to Pass, 3, the primary technique used to create the illusion of depth is ____.

Relative Size

In the Victory Stele of Naram Sin, the king and his men are represented in a conceptual manner, probably meant to indicate ____.

Respect and victory

The interior of St. Étienne has a sense of lightness because the development of the ____ made it possible to pierce the walls above the tribune gallery with a series of windows called a ____.

Rib vault; clerestory

As evidenced in the realistic poses and proportions of The Good Shepherd in the Catacomb of Saints Pietro and Marcellino, Early Christians shared the art and culture but not the religion of ____.

Rome

The Baroque era was born in ____, at least in part as a reaction to the spread of Protestantism resulting from the ____.

Rome; Reformation

The Incas from Peru were engineering geniuses and built both the fortress of Machu Picchu and the ____, which was 30 feet wide and walled for its entire 3750 miles.

Royal Road of the Mountains

Praxiteles' Hermes and Dionysos, from the Late Classical period, depicts a graceful and naturalistic body stance, called the ____, and an increased emphasis on ____.

S-curve; emotional expression

Hew Locke's Sikandar is embellished with charms, medals, ____, votive offerings, jewels, Persian trinkets and Greek masks, encouraging viewers to ponder the interaction of cultures, and especially the meanings and endurance of conquest and colonialism.

Sabers

Francesco Borromini's ____ is an organic building that incorporates the Baroque elements of motion, space, and light.

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

Designed by architect ____, the Chicago Spire has become the tallest structure in North America.

Santiago Calatrava

The Stele of Hammurabi depicts the Babylonian ruler Hammurabi gaining inspiration for his codified laws from the god(dess) ____.

Shamash

Which of the following was not a Baroque addition to St. Peter's?

Sistine Chapel

Whether conscious of the mathematical basis of ancient Greek architectural designs or not, Michelangelo utilized their components when he painted the ____.

Sistine chapel ceiling

Mexican artist Enrique Chagoya has sketched portraits of world political figures cast in the roles of ____.

Snow White and the seven dwarfs

In The Burial of Count Orgaz, the ____ painter El Greco's heavenly figures appear ____.

Spanish; extremely attenuated

In the late years of the Roman Empire, the realism and idealism that had characterized Roman figural sculpture was replaced by a ____.

Spiritual, otherworldly style

In his ____, Vincent van Gogh's vibrant colors, characteristic long, thin strokes and feverish application of paint creates an emotionalism that turns a sleepy town into a cosmic display.

Starry Night

In his famous 1907 photograph, Alfred Stieglitz captures the juxtaposition of the upper and lower classes on board the Kaiser Wilhelm II ship. This photograph is titled ____.

Steerage

In Betye Saar's The Liberation of Aunt Jemima, the artist is protesting the use of Aunt Jemima as a(n) ____.

Stereotype

After his death, the cremated remains of Buddha (formerly Siddhartha) were supposedly placed in eight different ____, or places of worship and devotion for his followers.

Stupas

The Great Pyramids at Giza were built with massive blocks and ____.

Surfaced with white limestone

In the story of Susannah and the Elders, the ultimate outcome was that ____.

Susannah was saved

____ compositions, such as Picasso's The Bottle of Suze, use a technique known as ____ to emphasize the form of the object and its construction rather than its disintegration.

Synthetic Cubist; collage

During the Baroque period, Protestant Dutch artists sold most of the works they produced to ____.

The middle class

The San Vitale apse mosaic Justinian and Attendants is characterized by all of the following except ____.

That Justinian is by far the largest figure

The Renaissance began in 1401 with a competition for the commission to sculpt bronze doors for the baptistery of Florence. The subject of the entry panels was ____.

The Sacrifice of issac

Which of the following does not describe Jan Vermeer's Young Woman with a Water Jug?

The colors are harsh and garish

In Laurie Simmons' photograph Red Library #2, the perfect room and robot-like woman are meant to symbolize ____.

The dangers of too much order

All of the following describe Hinduism except that ____.

The human spirit was not reborn after death

In the bronze Altar of the Hand from Benin, which of the following is not meant to venerate the king and glorify his divine office?

The king is surrounded by symmetrical, symbolic forms.

The underlying symbolism in an artist's depiction of an elderly man stooped over amongst leafless, snow-covered trees in the depths of winter is most likely which of the following?

The man is approaching death.

In Jan van Eyck's strikingly detailed double portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, which of the following is not a symbolic reference in the painting?

The vase of lilies

Context has a profound influence on style. Artworks are very much a product of ____.

Their culture at a moment in time

Which of the following statements does not set the Fauves apart from their 19th-century predecessors?

Their subject matter centered on traditional nudes, still-lifes, and landscapes.

The artists who began the Die Brücke movement chose that name because ____.

They saw their movement as bridging a number of desperate styles

In an architectural feat not duplicated until Roman times, the Mycenaeans constructed the Treasury of Atreus, a huge beehive-shaped tomb known as a ____.

Tholos

The German Renaissance artist Matthias Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece is unusual and powerful for its ____.

Tormented and dramatic deception of the crucifixion

Actual texture is primarily experienced through the sense of ____.

Touch

Which of the following statements about the patriarchal figure in Viola Frey's Family Portrait does not indicate his influential status within the family?

Toys can be seen in the composition.

The setting of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's The Two Girlfriends takes place in ____.

Turn-of-the-century Paris

The cathedral of Florence features all of the characteristics below except ____.

Twin bell towers

Marcel Duchamp's Fountain is a readymade, produced from an upside-down ____.

Urinal

The Kumano Mandala, a 14th-century scroll representing three Shinto shrines, is characterized by all of the following except a(n) ____.

Use of one point perspective to create depth

Light against dark or dark against light create visual differences in ____.

Value

Francis Bacon's Head Surrounded by Sides of Beef is a raw and distorted reworking of ____.

Velázquez's Pope Innocent X

For his Neoclassical sculpture of Pauline Borghese, Antonio Canova chose to portray her as ____.

Venus

One of the earliest and most famous "fertility" figurines from the Paleolithic period is the ____.

Venus of Willendorf

In the Gothic period, ____ assumed a new role of importance in art and architecture.

Virgin Mary

In Cuban artist Alexandre Arrechea's Elementos Arquitectronicos, his primary theme seems to relate to ____.

a sense of quiet desperation

An everyday family scene that is suddenly disrupted when the ceiling begins to collapse describes which of the artworks below?

Wang Gongxin's Our Sky is Falling in!

The Islamic Great Mosque at Djenne in Mali is based on the model of Muhammad's home in Medina and exhibits all of the following characteristics except ____.

a single tower rising in the center of the structure

Robert Barry wrote: All of the things I know But of which I am not At the moment thinking - 1:36PM; June 15, 1969 This is an example of a ____.

Wordwork

The ____ was a multilevel temple designed by the religion-oriented Sumerians but built by the later Babylonians and Assyrians.

Ziggurat

Hasegawa Tohaku's Pine Wood screen depicts all of the following except ____.

a background consisting of hazy mountains

The plan of the English Gothic Salisbury Cathedral differs from French Gothic architecture in that it has ____.

a double transept and a square apse

In Kay Sage's I Saw Three Cities, most of the visual weight in the composition occurs in the lower half but is balanced in the upper reaches of the sky by ____.

a flowing column of drapery

Japanese artist Mariko Mori can be described as all of the following except ____.

a painter and a sculptress

British sculptor Henry Moore had a long and prolific career but is primarily renowned today for his ____.

abstract, biomorphic bronze reclining figures

The term ____ was coined in 1951 to describe the process of dripping and splattering paint on huge canvases, a technique associated primarily with ____.

action painting; Jackson Pollock

The two most significant innovations in building design introduced by the Romans were the ____, which made construction of the Pantheon possible.

arch and concrete

Some of the earliest freestanding sculptures of the Archaic period were kouros figures, or blocky statues of nude young men, all with a conventionalized facial expression called the ____.

archaic smile

Some of the purest examples of Renaissance Classicism are to be found in the ____ of Leon Battista Alberti.

architecture

The art and architecture of the Mycenaean civilization reflects a preoccupation with ____ because, unlike Crete, it lacked the natural defense of a surrounding sea.

arms and fortification

The works of Giorgio de Chirico, such as The Mystery and Melancholy of the Street, are characterized by all of the following except ____.

compositions that appear frenzied and agitated

The ____ of a work of art is everything that is contained in it.

content

Examining a work of art in its historical, social, and political ____ enables you to better understand it.

context

After Martin Luther's Reformation, Dutch artists painted scenes of daily life, whereas Flemish artists ____.

continued painting religious and mythological scenes as in Baroque Italy

In Brancusi's sculpture The Kiss, the two figures are reduced to a simple block form, much like the ____ of Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.

cubism

The François Vase, with black figures on a reddish background, is an example of the ____ painting technique and was produced during the ____ period of Greek art.

black-figure; Archaic

The Dying Lioness from Nineveh is an example of ____, the most common art form in Assyria.

carved stone reliefs depicting war and hunting scenes

The ____ were a huge network of galleries and burial chambers beneath the city of Rome where Christians worshiped in secret and buried their dead.

catacombs

In his Adam and Eve engraving, the Northern Renaissance master Albrecht Dürer emphasizes the ____.

classically inspired beauty of the human body

In Jean-Honoré Fragonard's Happy Accidents of the Swing, all of the following are characteristics of the Rococo and depicted in the painting except ____.

classically inspired facial features

The Pantheon's dome is ____ to lessen the weight of it both physically and visually.

coffered

The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut was carved out of living rock and is most impressive visually due to its three tiers of pillared ____.

colonnades

The message or meaning in Helen Frankenthaler's amorphous abstract Bay Side seems to lie primarily in its ____.

color

The device of ____ to create unity is reflected in the ages of the youth, their ethnicity, and their suggested bond of friendship in Delilah Montoya's Los Jovenes (Youth).

continuity

Of works such as the Red Room, Henri Matisse said it should be "a mental soother, something like a good armchair in which to rest." This is because Matisse's primary concern was to ____.

create a pleasing pattern

The most significant architectural aspect of St. Michael's at Hildesheim is its use of the ____ to define the spaces within the rest of the church, thereby paving the way for Romanesque and Gothic architecture.

crossing square

When Heinrich Schliemann excavated Grave Circle A in Mycenae in the late 19th century, he discovered a treasure of ____.

gold

The ancient Greeks developed the concept of the ____ because they believed that it created ideal proportions in architecture.

golden mean

One major source of inspiration for Jean-Michel Basquiat's art works was ____.

graffiti

Art works that utilize closely related families of color seem ____.

harmonious and soothing

The 19th century painter Jean-François Millet wrote, "I try not to have things look as if chance had brought them together, but as if they had a necessary bond between them." Here, the artist is expressing his quest for ____ in his art works.

harmony

Mark Rothko is renowned for his ____.

large, hazy-edged color field rectangles

Kara Walker's ____ have captured the attention of the art world and given voice to her comments on the brutal history of race relations in America.

life-size paper cutouts

In art, a ____ is usually defined as a moving dot and is both the simplest and most complex of the visual elements.

line

As seen in Tintoretto's The Last Supper, his ____ anticipate(s) the Baroque style.

loose brushwork and dramatic white spotlighting

In the central part of Africa, ____ was developed to cast small bronze sculptures as early as the 9th century.

lost wax technique

In The Outbreak, Käthe Kollwitz tried to symbolize ____ through her forceful depiction of the 16th-century Peasants' War.

man's inhumanity to man

The Yoruba from Nigeria make elaborate masks and headdresses for use in ceremonial performances known as ____, which combine music, dance, and fanciful costumes.

masquerades

Piero della Francesca's Resurrection fresco was based on ____.

mathematical and geometric order

The Doric frieze was divided vertically into compartments. The triglyphs contained vertical grooves and the ____ were filled with sculpted figures.

metopes

____ creates the illusion of roundness or three dimensionality through the use of light and shadow on a two-dimensional surface.

modeling

In New Kingdom Egypt, Amenhotep IV started a revolution in both religion and the arts when he changed his name to Akhenaton to honor the sun god and became a ____. The period of his reign is known as the ____.

monotheist; Amarna period

Of all of the Impressionists, Pierre-Auguste Renoir was the ____, as evidenced in his Le Moulin de la Galette.

most significant figure painter

As in Robert Capa's photograph Death of a Loyalist Soldier, imbalance in a work of art can be used to capture a sense of ____.

movement

Images painted directly on a wall or intended to cover a wall completely, such as José Clemente Orozco's Epic of American Civilization: Hispano-American, are known as ____.

murals

As evidenced in The Birth of Venus, the Medici family protégé Sandro Botticelli loved, above all else, to paint ____.

mythological themes

The Neo-Expressionists of the 1980s revived and embraced the gestural and experimentational methods of the Abstract Expressionists but they added the dimension of ____ to their work.

narrative and content

Haitian artist Jean-Ulrick Desert made ____ into burqas for The Burqa Project.

national flags

The ____ shape of an artistic composition is considered the background.

negative

We can discern the proper size of which of the following objects in Magritte's Personal Values?

none of these choices

Compositions such as Barbara Hepworth's Two Figures are termed ____ because they make no reference at all to nature or reality.

nonobjective

In the Palace at Versailles, all of the following elements echo Renaissance techniques except that the ____.

palace interior is lavishly decorated with dramatic vistas

Jackie Winsor considers her sculpture Exploded Piece to be a(n) ____ because she exploded it and then reconstructed it back into a cube.

performance piece

One major tenet of Pop Art is that the work should be so objective, commercialized, and mundane that it eliminates the ____.

personal signature of the artist

The mixed media ancestral poles from New Guinea are vividly painted, elongated figures with openwork banners that represent ____.

phallic symbols

A triangular glass solid that breaks down sunlight or white light into different colors is called a(n) ____.

prism

In Robert Rauschenberg's combine painting The Bed, he uses a(n) ____ as his canvas.

quilt and pillow

____ is often a major design element in art forms such as ceramics, basketry, jewelry, and stained glass.

radial balance

____ refers to the portrayal of people and things as they actually are, with no idealization or distortion.

realism

The artist Jacques Lipchitz said "Copy nature and you infringe on the work of our Lord. Interpret nature and you are an artist." Based on this comment, Lipchitz was probably not a(n) ____ artist.

realistic

If you superimpose a diagram of a ____ over a photograph of the East façade of the Parthenon, it is a perfect fit.

root five rectangle

Adam and Eve Reproached by the Lord, from the bronze doors of the Ottonian St. Michael's, is notable because it ____.

represents the first sculpture cast in one piece since the fall of Rome

Because the Great Pyramids were plundered so badly by grave robbers, a new type of architecture known as ____ developed during Middle Kingdom in Egypt.

rock-cut tombs

Count de Montizon's photograph The Hippopotamus at the Zoological Gardens, Regent's Park is trying to communicate the ____ of the exotic animal by comparing it to the nine onlookers behind it.

scale

The word art encompasses many meanings, including process. Which of the following is considered an artistic process?

sculpting

Mexican artist Frida Kahlo is best known for her extremely realistic and often anguished ____.

self portraits

____ are formed when intersecting or connected lines enclose space.

shapes

For The Conversion of St. Paul, Caravaggio selected the models in his painting from ____.

society's outcasts

In his Syndics of the Draper's Guild, Rembrandt captures the men just as ____.

someone outside the canvas enters the room

What was modern about the "new" art of the late 18th century in France was its concept of ____. The first period of modern art to use planar recession was ____.

space; Neoclassicism

Alice Neel is best known for her ____ portraits, a collection of souls handpicked from all strata of society.

stark, unflinchingly realistic

The Futurists' belief that their subjects were less important than the portrayal of a "dynamic sensation" is very evident in Giacomo Balla's constantly "moving" painting known as ____.

street light

The realism in The Sage Kuya Invoking the Amida Buddha is demonstrated in the fact that the artist tried to render speech with six tiny Buddhas representing ____ coming out of the sage's mouth.

syllables of a prayer repeating the name of Buddha

Northern Renaissance artists "married" religion with scenes and objects from everyday life by using ____.

symbolism

As is often the case in ethnographic art, the decorations on the Kwakiutl headdress from British Columbia reflects designs similar to those found in ____.

tattooing and body decoration

In both of their paintings of Judith Decapitating Holofernes, Caravaggio and Artemisia Gentileschi utilized a harsh, theatrical "spotlight" effect known as ____.

tenebrism

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's deformity led to an alienation from his family so he instead found a home in ____, as depicted in At the Moulin Rouge.

the cabarets, cafes, and bordellos of Paris

In Welcome the World Famous Brand, the Luo Brothers portray an overcrowded composition which emphasizes ____.

the convergence of consumerism and globalism

Architect Benjamin Latrobe was responsible for which of the following designs?

the design for the Oval Office

In Spanish Colonial art, indigenous art forms were integrated with European influences. Examples of Meso-American motifs include all of the following except ____.

the lion image

The young artist Raphael painted numerous canvases of the Madonna and Child, but some of his most impressive compositions, like The School of Athens, were executed for ____.

the papal apartments in the Vatican

Henri Matisse consolidated all of the following influences into his Fauvist canvases except ____.

the stark realism of Courbet

In an effort to produce an integrated look to the Parthenon, all of the following construction variations are found except that the ____.

top step of the platform is perfectly straight

Suzanne Valadon's Adam and Eve subverts ____.

traditional negative Christian views of women

Andy Warhol's grid-based composition, Ethel Scull Thirty-Six Times, exhibits ____ due to the multidimensional and varied views of Scull's personality and expressions.

variety within unity

The Neoclassical style is characterized by all of the following except ____.

virtuoso brushwork and a brilliant palette

In Wu Jide's River Dwellers, patches of white and well placed touches of color are responsible for the overall ____ in an asymmetrical and essentially monochromatic composition.

visual balance

Alexander Archipenko's Walking Woman displays an important innovation in Cubist sculpture: the use of ____.

void space as solid form

Although no female artists are recorded in Greek art, the vase called Women Working Wool on a Loom is evidence that ____ was an important art form for women.

weaving

Baciccio's Triumph of the Sacred Name of Jesus in Il Gesu in Rome achieves a trompe l'oeil effect by combining painted figures with ____.

white stucco modeled sculptures and a gilded stucco ceiling