Art Test 1
design elements
-Point •Line •Shape •Mass •Volume •Texture •Value •Color •Space •Time and Motion •Words and Sound
Which of the following are some of the established interpretations of Manet's A Bar at the Folies-Bergére?
1. The figure on the right is a reflection of the barmaid in the center. 2. The artist is depicting a fantasy. 3. Ambiguities in the reflection suggest different emotional states in the barmaid.
architrave
A beam that rests on a series of columns.
stylobate
An architectural feature of ancient Greek and Roman temples, it is the uppermost platform on which the columns stand.
which artist(s) have been described as photorealist?
Chuck Close, Audrey Flack
stucco
Designed to give the appearance of stone, it is a coarse plaster.
Who is the artist who used hatching and cross-hatching to draw the Head of a Satyr?
Michelangelo
Which of the following individuals developed theories on light and its properties that were important for the development of linear perspective?
Mozi, Alhazen, Leon Battista Alberti
The sculptures of which Mesoamerican culture are particularly famous for their use of mass to convey imposing physical presence?
Olmec
With whom did the artist Georges Braque work closely?
Picasso
what is the painting by Romano called?
The Fall of Giants
Which of the following artists was investigated for counterfeiting money?
The Old Violin
entasis
The slight swelling in the midpoint of a column.
Which twentieth-century American painter used brightness and color to create and manipulate our sense of distance in his painting The Wreck of the Ole '97?
Thomas Hart Benton
What do traditional Chinese scroll paintings and many modern computer and video games have in common?
both employ isometric perspective
When artists enclose or imply a space with materials that are not completely solid, they create what sort of volume?
open
humanism
scholarship of subjects that particularly relate to those of ancient Greece and Rome
When using linear perspective in an artwork, it is important to be aware of the area that a person can clearly see when focusing on a single point in space. What is this area called?
cone of vision
linear perspective
creates an illusion of depth
Abstract art—that is, art imagery that departs from recognizable images from the natural world—always consists of geometric forms.
false
All of Duane Hanson's sculptures have eyes that appear to follow the viewer wherever they stand.
false
Although designed according to the rules of Classical architecture, this building was not made to exacting standards and requires constant repair to stop it falling apart. (pg. 619, building made by Romano)
false
René Magritte believed that the purpose of a painting should be to convincingly recreate reality.
false
The artist Filippo Brunelleschi invented linear perspective during the Italian Renaissance and proved its accuracy by measuring the height of the Florence Baptistery.
false
The contemporary sculptor Rachel Whiteread's House involved the transformation of mass into volume.
false
William Hogarth follows the rules of perspective to create an illusion of reality.
false
mass always implies heaviness.
false
Renaissance artists were the first to try and create illusionistic painting
false - it was the classical greece and roman era
What genre of black-and-white films from the 1940s was known for its use of especially dark tones?
film noir
What is the name of the perspective technique that is employed when depicting a form at a very oblique angle to the viewer in order to give the impression of depth in space?
foreshortening
What do we call an object that can be defined in three dimensions?
form
What is written on the small newspaper article seen in this artwork? (the art work with the guitar and paper handing in the back of it)
gibberish
What is the correct name for each of the dimensions in this simple geometrical form?
height, width, depth
What basic component(s) are necessary to make the one-point linear perspective system work?
horizon line, orthogonals, vanishing point
frontispiece
illustration that appears facing the title-page in a book.
Jurisprudence
justice
which of the following elements DO NOT define the attributes of 3-D art?
line, color, shape, value
What term suggests that a volume is solid and occupies space?
mass
What is the term used in art for an empty space given shape by its surroundings?
negative space
Which of the following did Chuck Close use to create this artwork?
oil paint, thumb and fingerprints, a grid
What type of form is composed of unpredictable, irregular planes?
organic
What subjects does the artist Duane Hanson depict in his sculptures?
people doing everyday things
The School of Athens
philosophy
a flat surface, often inferred by the configuration of the artwork
planes
Parnassus
poetry
This eleventh-century Chinese painting of Travelers among Mountains and Streams uses what method(s) to imply depth?
progressively softer textures from bottom to top; alternating darker and lighter values
what is the difference between shapes and geometric forms?
shapes are 2-D while geometric forms are 3-D
This fifteenth-century Italian Renaissance painting of The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul uses what primary method(s) to imply depth?
size, overlapping, and relative position
Why did the contemporary Indian-born British artist Anish Kapoor make his Cloud Gate sculpture in Chicago so smooth and shiny?
so it reflects its surroundings, to invite viewers to interact with it
What material is used on the exterior of this building? (pg.618 - the building in Parthenon)
stucco and brick
what material is used on the outside of the Palazzo del Tè building by Giulio Romano
stucco, brick
The --- at the base of the Parthenon --- slightly upwards at the --- to give the visual illusion to the viewer that it is perfectly ---.
stylobate, swells, center, flat
Which superhero in this illustration exhibits the most dramatic foreshortening?
superman
Which of these artistic movements would you most associate with the use of subversive texture's contradictions and contrasts in order to make viewers reconsider their preconceptions about the world around them?
surrealists
trompe l'oeil
technique intended to deceive the viewer
What is the element of art that represents the surface quality of a work, for example whether it is fine or coarse, slick or splintery, and so on?
texture
--- is best described as organic form.
the Great Sphinx.
in the painting The Old Violin, what is the only real thing in the painting?
the blue envelope
How does this sculpture convey the rippling presence of water? (artwork made by Carol Mickett, pg. 74)
the irregular intervals between the slats, its use of negative space)
What clue reveals that Raphael combined one-point and two-point perspective in the composition of The School of Athens?
the position of the stone block being used as a table
Which three-dimensional form is most associated with the ancient Egyptians?
the pyramid
What was the nineteenth-century French archaeologist Vivant Denon describing when he wrote the following? On approaching these colossal monuments, their angular and inclined form diminishes the appearance of their height and deceives the eye... but as soon as I begin to measure... these gigantic productions of art, they recover all their immensity...
the pyramids at Gaza
Disputa
theology
Why were traditional Chinese landscape painters never really interested in portraying space from a single viewpoint?
they preferred to convey multiple viewpoints simultaneously
Why did the Swiss artist Méret Oppenheim create a fur-covered cup and saucer?
to contradict the conscious logical experiences of viewers
The Art Dome, a building on the Reed College campus in Portland, Oregon, was originally designed by the architect Buckminster Fuller.
true
which of the following elements are defining attributes of three-dimensional art?
volume, form, mass texture
design property
• Unity, Variety, Balance • Scale, Proportion • Emphasis, Subordination • Pattern, Rhythm
How many vanishing points are employed in the twentieth-century Dutch artist M. C. Escher's Ascending and Descending?
3
tryglyph
A projecting, carved block with three raised bands. Usually alternates with figurative reliefs in a frieze.
The use of non-overlapping parallel lines to convey darkness or lightness is known as ---, and the use of additional parallel lines that overlap others is referred to as ---.
hatching, cross-hatching
Cubism
a twentienth-century art movement that focused on two-dimensional composition rather than recreating three-dimensional subjects
satire
a work that ridicules the subject
Artists from which country and artistic period devised the chiaroscuro method of using value to create the illusion of solid forms in two-dimensional artworks?
Italian and Renaissance
Andrea Mantegna, detail of central oculus, ceiling of the Camera degli Sposi. (Identify the following within this artwork.)
Juno - the peacock the white veil - the woman wearing the white veil this is obvious balustrade - the circular outlining of the painting putto - the only angel in the painting looking down
Who advocated in his writing that artists should design their paintings as illusionary windows?
Leon Battista Alberti
Identify the author of this quote: We see it as being outside ourselves even though it is only a mental representation of it that we experience inside ourselves.
Rene Magritte
Which Belgian Surrealist employed value and perspective in his paintings in order to explore the relationship between reality and artistic illusion?
Rene Magritte
frieze
The strip that is located at the top of a building. It is often filled with sculptural ornamentation.
Cubist artists were interested in emphasizing the two-dimensional painted surface rather than recreating the illusion of three-dimensionality.
True
What takes place in the myth of the sculptor Pygmalion?
Venus brought the sculpture to life; Pygmalion created a sculpture of a woman that was so beautiful that he fell in love with it.
high-relief
a carved panel where the figures project with a great deal of depth
in the round
a freestanding sculpture that can be viewed from all sides
vanitas
a genre that focuses on the fleeting nature of life, and is often found in the form of a still-life painting
monochromatic
a palette of one color or more values of one color
bas-relief
a sculpture carved with very little depth
When we physically encounter a three-dimensional form, the tactile sensation we experience is its ---. Two-dimensional images, however, have ----, which means the artist creates an effect that reminds us of our tactile memory of a real-life surface. Artists who wish to contradict our previous tactile experiences employ ---- in order to make us reconsider our preconceptions about the world around us.
actual texture, implied texture, subversive texture
what angle are sculptures meant to be viewed from?
all angles, all sides if it's in the round
stela
an upright stone slab decorated with carvings
oculus
architectural feature that consists of a round opening
Which of these visual techniques give the Roettgen Pietà its powerful expressive effects? pg. 69
asymmetry, distortion, angularity
The nineteenth-century American artist Asher Brown Durand's painting Kindred Spirits is a particularly good example of the use of which form of perspective?
atmospheric
Artists who wish to suggest the illusion of depth on a two-dimensional surface have a choice of three main types of perspective. --- perspective modifies value, color, and texture to create the sense that some parts of an image are further away than others. --- perspective uses diagonal parallel lines to communicate depth. --- perspective relies on a system where lines appear to converge at points in space.
atmospheric, isometric, linear
Which of the following techniques or features were used to create an illusion of depth and three-dimensionality in this painting? (pg. 613, painted by Andrea Mantegna)
balustrade, foreshortening, atmospheric pressure
How did the ancient Roman sculptor of this relief from the Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Peace of Augustus) create the impression of three dimensions in it? pg.71
by carving in different levels of relief
What is the name for a set of rules, based on precise mathematical proportions, that imposes strict controls on how an artist works and on the appearance of the images that he or she creates?
canon
Which artistic technique is employed to particular effect in this work by the French artist Pierre-Paul Prud'hon?
chiaroscuro
Which of the following is true about this painting? (pg. 612 -painted by Parmigianino)
it is painted on a piece of wood, painted on a convex surface, it is a self portrait
Why did David Smith burnish the surface of his work Cubi XIX?
to create a counterpoint between industrial and natural form
If one were to follow the implied lines created by the columns on the four corners of the Parthenon, they would intersect about a mile and a half into the sky.
true
Our experience of the texture of a highly polished marble sculpture will be different if we look at a picture of it in a book or if we stand next to it in the same room. (T/F)
true
Relief sculptures combine aspects of two-dimensional and three-dimensional works of art.
true
The diagonal angles of the American sculptor David Smith's Cubi XIX imply movement and lightness, giving these simple, stainless steel forms a visual energy.
true
The painting by Audrey Flack depicts herself in the painting
true
What is the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object?
volume