Art Theory Ch 13

____ is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material.

Adobe

Which culture's hypostyle halls were relatively dark with only the very top of the load-bearing walls pierced with small windows?

Ancient Egypt

What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?

Buttresses

The skeleton of the ____ ____ was the aesthetic focus because it had no decorative embellishments.

Eiffel Tower

Which of the following architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?

Flying buttresses Pointed arches Rose windows

In a Greek temple, what are the three basic elements of an entablature?

Frieze Cornice Architrave

____ ____ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated modules, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction.

Geodesic Domes

Reims Cathedral is a characteristic examples of what style of architecture?

Gothic

This image represents the elements of ____ architecture.

Gothic

What culture is most closely associated with the use of corralled architectural elements?

Indian

What are the trademark buildings of Frank Lloyd Wright's architectural oeuvre?

Prairie houses

____ construction was developed to allow for the fabrication of tall buildings not possible using balloon-frame techniques.

Steel-frame

This image represents a ____ or an arch extended in depth.

barrel vault

In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault, is called a

bay.

It could be inferred that, due to the advent of new technologies and materials, modern architecture is

better equipped to respond to community and environmental needs

Suspension techniques are most closely associated with the construction of ____

bridges

The purpose of green architecture is to

create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat.

What are the two main components of CAD/CAM?

digital technology and computer-driven technology

The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London,

established the success of cast-iron as a building material

The architectural element, indicated with the arrow in this picture, that gaps the transition from a square base to a domed roof is known as a

pendentive

Fabric structures are also known as

tonsil structures

Around 1980 many architects began using two-dimensional drawing programs to guid construction of architectural projects.

True

What are two examples of nomadic dwellings involving fabric architecture?

Yurts and tents

Our senses of community is strengthened by having access to

public spaces

In architecture an element in compression is being ____, an element in tension is being ____.

pushed pulled

Common community buildings include

schools, courthouses, libraries, and hospitals

Which of the following is not a basic architectural structural system?

stacking

Which elements characterize international style skyscrapers?

stark linear emphasis simple geometric forms

What type of skeleton-and-skin construction is shown in this illustration?

steel-frame

The ionic style of Greek architecture is classified by

stepped column bases voluted capitals

What type of truss system is pictured?

stepped truss

What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?

stone wood

The keystone, as shown in this illustration, ____ a rounded arch.

supports the downward and outward thrust of

The ability for a building material to withstand stretching is known as

tensile strength

Why in the early period of Zaha Hadis' career was she sometimes called a "paper architect"?

the buildings she designed had not been constructed, they existed only on paper

What elements are associated with Romanesque style?

Barrel vaults Groin vaults

Which types of materials are suitable in the construction of load-bearing architecture?

Brick Ice blocks Adobe Stone

The advantages of reinforced-concrete construction include

an ability to be molded into nearly any shape or form

Concrete is composed of

cement gravel water

The decorative ornament on the ceiling of a dome, which also serves to lessen the weight, is known as

coffering

R. Buckminster Fuller developed the ____ ____

geodesic dome

The ____ age ushered in the harnessing of steam, leading to the creation of the steam engine, the internal combustion engine, and the turbine.

industrial

This image of a Classical Greek capital demonstrates the characteristics of the ____ architectural order.

ionic

Which of the following is not an advantage of balloon-frame construction?

it can be built to conceivably infinite heights

What is the significance of the isolation of the Taj Mahal's dome, as illustrated in this picture?

it is ornamental

What is the primary drawback of post-and-lintel architecture?

its limitation to span relatively large open spaces

Which of the flowing innovations made balloon-frame construction practical?

mass-produced nails improved milling lumber techniques