Artificial Intelligence
examples of applications of ai
1. finance (to detect fraud) 2. medicine (diagnosis, medical images) 3. robotics 4. online/telephone customer service 5. transportation (cars and "fuzzy logic", traffic light systems, self driving cars) 6. telecommunications (maintenance) 7. toys and games 8. music 9. data mining 10. spam filtering
two ways to get to strong ai (AGI)
1. increase computational power 2. make it "smart"-try to have it emulate the brain and have it do thinking on its own
What is the Turing Test?
1950, a test developed by Alan Turing (a british computer scientist) to determine whether or not a computer is "intelligent"
who is commonly associated with the genesis of the idea of artificial intelligence?
Alan Turing
examples of artificial narrow intelligence (weak ai)
IBM's deep blue, spam filters, Google's AlphaGo, microsoft's tay, apple's siri, a.l.i.c.e, google cars
who coined the term "artificial intelligence" and when?
John McCarthy in 1955
trolley problem (example of how to teach morality to ai)
a thought experiment in ethics (1. do nothing and 5 people die, 2. pull the lever and one person dies)
what is artificial superintelligence?
an intelligence that's smarter than a human in every field
Three categories of artificial intelligence
artificial narrow intelligence (weak ai), artificial general intelligence (strong ai), artificial superintelligence
what could asi do (good)
could be benevolent and solve all our problems like cancer, aging, and anything else
what could asi do (bad)
it could perceive us as a threat or insignificant and could lead us to our extinction
rule based algorithms
like a computer having access to a textbook or encyclopedia
tree based algorithms
look at chart in notes (outlook, sunny, overcast, rain, normal humidity, high humidity, weak wind, strong wind
neural networks
modeled on the human brain, specifically how our neurons are connected with each other
genetic algorithms
modeled on the process of evolution
how do we get from agi to asi?
pretty much the same thing as we do to get from ani to agi *do we want to do this?!*
examples of artificial general intelligence (strong ai)
recursive self improvement, 'the singularity', relatively good in more than one field, IBM's Watson
4 different algorithms for ai
rule based algorithms, tree based algorithms, genetic algorithms, neural algorithms
what experiment tried to refute Turing's ideas?
some argued that the Turing test is not a true test of intelligence, Searle's Chinese Room thought experiment
What is intelligence?
the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills
The Imitation Game
two people, hidden from a third, third person asks questions to determine which one is male and female, one person lies and the other tells the truth
How did Turing propose a slight twist to the Imitation Game with respect from AI?
what is one player was a computer? could the computer convince the human player that it was a human as well?