Assessment of Musculoskeletal Function

The nurse is conducting the admission assessment for the client who is to undergo an arthrogram. What is the priority question the nurse should ask? a) "Are you claustrophobic?" b) "When did you last eat?" c) "When did you last urinate?" d) "Do you have any allergies?"

"Do you have any allergies?" Explanation: Many contrast dyes contain iodine. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to determine whether the client has any allergies, especially to iodine, shellfish, and other seafood.

Which of the following terms refers to moving away from midline? a) Inversion b) Adduction c) Abduction d) Eversion

Abduction Explanation: Abduction is moving away from midline. Adduction is moving toward midline. Inversion is turning inward. Eversion is turning outward.

Which of the following is the most common site of joint effusion? a) Elbow b) Knee c) Hip d) Shoulder

Knee Explanation: The most common site for joint effusion is the knee. If inflammation or fluid is suspected in a joint, consultation with a provider is indicated. The elbow, hip, and shoulder are not the most common site of joint effusion.

The human body has 206 bones, which are classified into four categories. Which types of bones are located in the forearm? a) Short bones b) Irregular bones c) Long bones d) Flat bones

Long bones Explanation: Long bones are the type of bone that is located in the forearm, specifically, the ulna.

Which of the following deformity causes a exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine? a) Lordosis b) Steppage gait c) Kyphosis d) Scoliosis

Lordosis Explanation: Lordosis is an exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine. Scoliosis is a lateral curving deviation of the spine. Kyphosis is an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. Steppage gait is not a type of spinal deformity.

The client presents with an exaggeration of the lumbar spine curve. The nurse interprets these findings as indicative of: a) Dowager's hump b) Scoliosis c) Lordosis d) Kyphosis

Lordosis Explanation: Lordosis is an exaggeration of the lumbar spine curve.

The nurse observes the client and notes a shuffling gait. The nurse recognizes this finding is consistent with: a) Lower motor neuron disease b) Scoliosis c) Parkinson's disease d) Paget's disease

Parkinson's disease Explanation: Parkinson's disease is characterized by a shuffling gait.

Which type of gait correlates with Parkinson's disease? a) Shuffling b) Scissors c) Steppage d) Spastic hemiparesis

Shuffling Explanation: A variety of neurologic conditions are associated with abnormal gaits, such as spastic hemiparesis gait (stroke), steppage gait (lower motor neuron disease), and shuffling gait (Parkinson's disease). Scissors gait is seen in cerebral palsy.

Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint? a) Amphiarthrosis b) Synarthrosis c) Diarthrosis d) Aponeuroses

Synarthrosis Explanation: Skull sutures are considered synarthrosis joints and are immovable. Amphiarthrosis joints allow limited movement, such as a vertebral joint. Diarthrosis joints are freely movable joints such as the hip and shoulder. Aponeuroses are broad, flat sheets of connective tissue.

The nurse would include which of the following in a neurological assessment? a) Palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse. b) Capillary refill of the great toe. c) Inspect the foot for edema. d) Ask the client to plantar flex the toes.

Ask the client to plantar flex the toes. Explanation: A neurological assessment evaluates sensation and motion. Assessing plantar flexion of the toes would be included in a neurological assessment. Capillary refill, palpation of pulses, and inspecting for edema would be included in a vascular assessment.