ASTR 1 Test #3
Two pictures of the Sun from the SOHO spacecraft are shown below. How much time likely passed between when they were taken?
6 years
Four stars of different masses are shown on the HR diagram. Which star will live the shortest time on the main sequence?
A
Which of the charts effectively describes the masses with which stars form?
A
Which star is more luminous?
A (blue one)
Which of the following describe the main sequence on the HR diagram?
Both
How do stars more massive than the Sun fuse hydrogen into helium?
CNO cycle
Extrasolar planets discovered using the radial velocity technique are most likely to be found in which labeled region in the plot below
E
Near-Earth Asteroids Possible Fates
Ejection or Crashing
Energy is released in the proton-proton chain when...
Four hydrogen atoms are fused into helium
Elements in the Sun from most common to least are...
H, He, metals
How does the Sun produce the energy that heats our planet?
Hydrogen is fused into helium, giving off large amounts of energy.
Iron is not normally fused in stars because
Iron fusion absorbs energy
Which cluster is older?
NGC 188
Would a planet circling a star viewed this way from Earth be easily detectable using the transit method?
No, it would never block the light of the star
The star Merak has an apparent magnitude of 2.4 while the star Sirius has an apparent magnitude of -1.5. Which star appears brighter in the sky?
Sirius
Two stars have the same surface temperature. If Star A has a greater luminosity than Star B, then...
Star A is larger
The star Deneb has an apparent magnitude of 1.3 while the star Mimosa has an apparent magnitude of 1.3. Which star appears brighter in the sky?
They appear the same
The corona is hotter than the layers directly below it (True of False)
True
Match the properties with the supernova type (Core collapse of massive star)
Type II
Match the properties with the supernova type (Has hydrogen lines in spectrum)
Type II
Match the properties with the supernova type (Leaves behind a neutron star or black hole)
Type II
Match the properties with the supernova type (Has no hydrogen lines in spectrum)
Type Ia
Match the properties with the supernova type (Leaves behind no compact stellar remnant)
Type Ia
Match the properties with the supernova type (Runaway fusion of white dwarf in semi-detached binary)
Type Ia
The clouds that form new stars start out...
cold
The granulation of the photosphere indicates that energy is being transported upward by..
convection
Granules on the surface of the Sun are dark around the edges because...
cooler material is falling down
The hottest part of the Sun is
core
Over time, protostars' luminosity _______ as they ________ in size.
decrease, decrease
Ceres Designation
dwarf planet
Eris Designation
dwarf planet
The existence of extrasolar planets is typically known through...
effects on parent star
What holds a white dwarf up against collapse by gravity?
electron degeneracy pressure
The equator of the Sun rotates _______ the poles
faster than
Fusion reactions in a type Ia supernova or type II supernova produced the:
gold and silver in Earth's crust
Fusion requires both high temperature and...
high density
Low mass stars have ________ lifetimes compared to high mass stars.
longer
A star's evolutionary path is entirely dependent on its...
mass
The discovery of Pluto's moon Charon allowed astronomers to calculate Pluto's ______.
mass
By watching sunspots, we see that the Sun completes one rotation about every...
month
Ganymede Designation
moon
Elements beyond oxygen are fused...
only in high mass stars
The Kirkwood Gaps in the main asteroid belt exist due to __________.
orbital resonances with Jupiter
Certain groups of asteroids are known as asteroid families. They are asteroids that...
originated in the same collision
Fusion requires high temperatures in order for nuclei to move quickly enough to...
overcome repulsion
The exterior of the sun, from inner to outermost layers, are the...
photosphere, chromosphere, corona
Mercury Designation
planet
A star like the Sun expels its outer layers to form a...
planetary nebula
After it leaves the main sequence a star like the Sun will become a...
red giant
The parallaxes (in arcseconds) for four stars are given above. Which star is the closest to us?
sirius
Eros Designation
small solar system body
The interstellar medium is enriched with elements heavier than iron by
supernova explosions
Spectral classes classify and order stars by...
temperature
The location of a star's habitable zone depends on its..
temperature
Sunspots appear dark because..
they are cooler than the rest of the photosphere
Pluto and Neptune could never collide because...
they have a 3:2 orbital resonance
Brown dwarfs are called failed stars because...
they lack the mass to achieve hydrogen fusion
A white dwarf will go nova...
when it transfers enough hydrogen from its binary companion star
