Astronomy Ch 1-4

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How many stars are in the Milky way

100Bill

Modern telescopes see galaxies from

10bill light years away

Age of universe

10billion to 16billion

Where is our solar system located within the Milky Way

2/3 way from the center of the galaxy to the outskirts of the galactic disk plate

If mass is 60kg on earth, what would the mass of moon be

60kg

Evidence that the earths orbit is not a perfectly circular

Angular size changes and the seasons are perfect length

The meaning too the universe expanding

Average distance are increasing between galaxies

Which scientist played a role in overturning the accent idea of an earth-centerd universe and when?

Copemicus, Kepler, and Galileo; 400 years ago

Why didn't Copernicus Sun-centered model lead to a better prediction of Ptolemaic Model

Copernicus used perfect circles for the orbits of the planet

Why is there a leap year

Earth year being a non integer number of earth days

allowed shapes for orbits under force of gravity

Ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas

Discovered what we now call Newtons first law of motion

Galileo

Who discovered Jupiter's moons

Galileo

The sun is mainly made of

Hydrogen and helium

Discovered orbits of planets are ellipses

Kepler

an object is moving in a straight line at 50mi/hr. According to Newtons laws of motion the object will

Move in the same way until acted upon by a force

Which one follows Keplers 3rd Law

Venus orbits the sun at a slower average speed than mercury

addressing in correct order

Y,E,SS,MW,LG,LS

Keplers 3rd law p2=a3 means

all the above

why is polaris special

appears near the north celestial pole

What is an astronomical unit?

average distance from earth to sun

How did eratosthenes estimate the size of Earth in 240 B.C

comparing the max altitude of sun in two cities at different latitudes

Book of a famous person published in 1543, suggesting that earth and other planets orbit the sun

copernicus

Why were ancient people unable to detect stellar parallax

didn't have ability to measure small angles

Moon:

distance from the earth varies during orbit

Driving at a constant speed but not at a constant velocity

driving around in a circle at exactly 100km/hr

radiative energy

energy carried by light

conserved quantity

energy, angular momentum, and momentum

When would you feel weightless

falling from a roof

How many stars can you see to the naked eye

few thounsand

describe the meridian in your sky

half circle extending from horizon due north, through your zenith, to horizontal due south

Universal law of gravitation the force due to gravity is

inversely proportional to the square of the distance between objects

describing position on earth surface

latitude and longitude

momentum

mass time velocity

quantities of angular momentum

mass, velocity, and radius`

Why was ptolemy important

modeled the solar system that made predictions for planetary positions

Why do we see the same face of the moon at all times

moons rotational and orbital periods are equal

lunar phase where tides are more pronounced

new and full moon

Example of why Keplers second law is true

planets angular momentum musted be conserved as it moves around an orbit

Constellation

region of the celestial sphere

Seven days of the week are based on

seven naked eye objects that appear among the constellations

Einstiens equation E-mc2 states that

small amount of mass can be turned into a large amount of energy

circumpolar star

star that always remans above your horizon

ecliptic

suns apparent path along the celestial sphere

Origin of ocean tides

the difference in force gravity exerted by moons across sphere of the earth

How are galaxies important to our existence

the recycle from other galaxies

cosmo

total of all matter and energy

What do stonehenge, templo mayor, sun dagger, and big horn medicine wheel have in common

used by ancient people for astronomical observations

inverse square law: if you double the distance of two large masses the gravitational force between

weaken by 4


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