ATI Acid Base

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of 4 patients who have an acid-base imbalance. The nurse should recognize that which of the following patients is at risk for metabolic acidosis? A patient who has diarrhea, A patient who is vomiting, a patient taking a thiazide diuretic, a patient who has salicylate intoxication

a patient who has diarrhea

A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia? abnormally prominent U wave elevated ST segment Wide QRS Inverted P wave

abnormally prominent U wave; although U waves are rare, their presence can be associated with hypokalemia, hypertension and heart disease. For a client who has hypokalemia, the nurse should monitor the EKG strop for a flattened T wave, prolonged PR interval, prominent U wave or ST depression

A nurse in the ED is caring for a patient who has pulmonary edema, reports dyspnea, and appears anxious. The patients BP is 108/79 and his apical pulse is 112. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority? Administer High-flow )2 at 5L by facemark to the patient, place patient high-fowlers with legs dependent, give patient sublingual nitroglycerin, reassure the patient

administer high flow O2 at 5L by facemask

A nurse caring for a patient who has metabolic alkalosis should monitor for which of the following clinical manifestations? (select all) bicarbonate excess, kussmauls breathing, flushing, curcumoral paresthesia, lethargy

bicarb excess, circumoral paresthesia

A nurse is creating the plan of care for client who is at 39 weeks of gestation and in active labor. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

check the cervix prior to analgesic administration nurse must know how many centimeters the cervix has dilated prior to administering analgesic; administration too close to the time of delivery could cause respiratory depression in the newborn

When reviewing a patients lab report of blood gas findings, HCO3- 18mEq/L and PaCO2 28mm Hg. Which of the following pH values and conditions should the nurse expect when interpreting these findings? Decreased pH and metabolic acidosis, decreased pH and respiratory acidosis, elevated pH and metabolic alkalosis, elevated pH and respiratory alkalosis

decreased pH and and metabolic acidosis diarrhea, circulatory shock, decreased level of consciousness, abdominal pain, cardiac dysrhythmia and increased depth and rate of respiration

A nurse on a med-surg unit is performing an admission assessment of a patient who has COPD with emphysema. The patient reports he has a frequent productive cough and is short of breath. The nurse should anticipate which of the following assessment findings for this patient? Respiratory alkalosis, increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest, O2 sat 96%, petechiae on chest

increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest

nurse is assessing a client with fluid overload. what should the nurse expect?

increased heart rate; excess volume because of increased cardiac contractility in response to excess fluid increased blood pressure increased respiratory rate

A nurse is caring for a patient who has the following arterial blood gas results : HCO3 18mEq, PaCO2 28mm Hg, and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid base imbalances? metabolic acidosis, respiratory acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory alkalosis

metabolic acidosis

A nurse is admitting a patient who has influenza and is reporting numbness and tingling of the toes and fingers. The nurse should recognize the patient is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances? metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis

metabolic alkalosis

A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing severe nausea and vomiting after a course of chemo. The nurse should monitor for which of the following clinical manifestations? metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis

metabolic alkalosis

A nurse is admitting a patient who reports flu-like symptoms with hyperactive reflexes and a new onset of confusion. The nurse should recognize that the patient is experiencing which of the following conditions?

metabolic alkalosis would report manifestations such as confusion, dizziness, circumoral paresthesia and numbness and tingling of extremities; objective findings would include hyperactive reflexes, tetany and decreased respiratory depth and rate

A nurse is reviewing the ABG results of a patient who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see? pH<7.35, HCO3 >26, PaO2 <70, PaCO2 >45

pH <7.35

A nurse is caring for a patient who's ABG results show a pH of 7.3 and a PaCO2 of 50. The nurse should identify that the patient is experiencing what? metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis

respiratory acidosis

A patient is admitted to the ED w/RR of 7. ABGs reveal following values,[ph 7.22, paCO2 68, Base excess -2, PaO2 78, Saturation 80%, Bicarb 26] which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs? respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory alkalosis

respiratory acidosis

a nurse is caring for a patient who is postop and whose respirations are shallow and 9/min. Which of the following acid-based imbalances should the nurse identify the patient as being at risk for developing initially? respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis

respiratory acidosis

A nurse is reviewing the ABG results for a patient in the ICU who has kidney failure and determines the patient has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Widened QRS complexes, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, bounding peripheral pulse, warm flushed skin

widened QRS complexes (dysrhythmias) cardiac changes from delayed electrical conduction through the heart, such as a widened QRS complex, tall T waves, prolonged PR intervals and a heart rate that ranges from bradycardia to heart block