ATI Nutrition Practice Questions
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for a low-sodium diet to manage hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
-I can snack on fresh fruit
A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following client statements indicates the teaching was effective?
-I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it
What is a Kosher diet guided by?
-a set of laws regarding the processing, preparation, & eating of food
What are proteins made up of?
-amino acids (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen)
What do protein break down into?
-ammonia
What does lipase do?
-break down fats
What does pepsin do?
-break down proteins
What can impair wound healing?
-diet low in protein
t/f... Canned veggies are low in sodium.
-false
A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered what?
-heathy weight
A nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about measures to reduce the risk of choking. Which of the following foods increase the risk of choking in toddlers? SATA
-hot dogs -grapes -bagels -marshmallows
What is the best food source to recommend to a person who is on a vegan diet & wants to eat protein?
-hummus -9.7 g of protein per 1/2 cup serving
A nurse is providing postoperative teaching about the management of dumping syndrome to a client who had a partial gastrectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
-eat protein with each meal
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
-eat yogurt with live cultures
A nurse is caring for a client who has protein malnutrition. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as a source of complete protein?
-eggs
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following gastrectomy. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome?
-eliminate simple sugars & sugar alcohols from the client's diet
A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
-fats provide energy
-What is steapsin secreted by?
-gastric mucosa
What kind of diet do people with Celiac disease have?
-gluten free
A nurse is teaching dietary-modification strategies to a client who has been newly diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
-grilled chicken
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who adheres to Kosher dietary laws. Which of the following food selections should the nurse recommend?
-grilled salmon
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client. The nurse determines the client's body mass index is 21.2. This finding is classified as which of the following?
-healthy weight
What do fats do?
-help regulate body temperature -provides a protective layer when the environmental temp drops
What are the 9 amino acids are considered essential for the body & must be obtained by diet?
-histidine -isoleucine -leucine -lysine -methionine -phenylalanine -threonine -tryptophan -valine
What is gastrin?
-hormone produced by stomach mucosa -stimulates release of gastric secretions during digestion
A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
-identify the recommended range of the client's blood glucose level
A nurse is providing teaching about nutritious diets to a group of adult women. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
-include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet
How does fiber effect diet?
-increasing gradually can prevent constipation -low-fiber recommended for diarrhea
A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the following minerals should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation?
-iron
A nurse is providing nutritional counseling for a client who is pregnant. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to increase in her daily diet?
-iron
A provider tells a client at 12 weeks gestation who practices Hinduism that she needs more protein in her diet and suggests eating more meat. After the provider leaves the examination room, the client tells the nurse that eating animal products will cause her to miscarry. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
-let's discuss other foods that are also high in protein that you could substitute for meat
What does protein in the form of albumin transport?
-medications
A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? SATA
-mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk -add a slice of cheese to hot vegetables -mix yogurt into fresh fruit
How much sodium should a person take daily?
-moderation -less than 2.5 g daily -excessive intake = HTN
A BMI greater than or equal to 30 is considered what?
-obese
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse share with the client?
-offer mints
A BMI from 25-29.9 is considered what?
-overweight
What does protein in the form of hemoglobin transport?
-oxygen
What is lipase secreted by?
-pancreas
What is amylase secreted by?
-pancreas & intestines
A nurse is planning an in-service training session for a group of nurses regarding the role of enzymes in digestion. Which of the following enzymes plays a role in digestion of protein?
-pepsin
What do proteins do in the body?
-play a role in tissue repair -regulate fluid balance -prevents interstitial edema
What are some foods that have a choking hazards for toddlers?
-popcorn -chunks of cheese -raisins -hot dogs -sausages -tough meat -raw carrots -nuts -seeds
What are Macrobiotic diets?
-primarily plant-based but do include fish & seafood
What are Flexitarian diets?
-primarily plant-based w/ the occasional consumption of meat, fish, & dairy products
What are Ovo-vegetarian diets?
-primarily vegetable-based diets that exclude mean & dairy except for eggs
A nurse is teaching a client with chronic kidney disease about predialysis dietary recommendations. The nurse should recommending restricting the intake of which of the following nutrients?
-protein
A nurse is providing teaching about nutrients to a client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
-protein builds and repairs body tissue
What is the most common food group that is restricted in clients who has chronic kidney disease?
-protein limitations
A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?
-protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
-provide finger foods for the client
What is chyme?
-semi-sold mixture of food & gastric secretions -formed in stomach
What do fats do in the body?
-serve as stored energy source providing 9cal/g of energy
How many cal/g of energy do fats provide?
-9
A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following disorders should the nurse identify as increasing the client's metabolic needs? SATA
-COPD -cancer -parkinson's disease -major burns
A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has heart failure and is prescribed a 2 g sodium diet. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
-I can have yogurt as a dessert
A nurse is planning an in-service training session about various dietary practices. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?
-Kosher diets have restrictions regarding how the food must be prepared
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical records of a group of clients. Which of the following clients is at risk for iron deficiency? (SATA)
-a client who is a vegetarian -a client who is pregnant -a toddler who is overweight
What does magnesium do in the body?
-affects enzyme, neurochemical activity, & excitability of cardiac & skeletal muscles
An appropriate amount of _____ in the blood keeps interstitial edema from occurring?
-albumin
What does protein break down?
-amino acids
What is Bismuth Subsalicylate?
-antidiarrheal agent -increase constipation
What should clients who are prone to renal calculi limit/avoid in their diet?
-beverages w/ a high sugar content (fruit punch/juice) -supplements (vit C) -bran
What does phosphorus do in the body?
-bone & teeth formation -energy metabolism
What is the primary function of protein?
-building & repairing body tissues (muscles, tendons, collagen) -skin, hair, nails
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
-check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hr
A nurse is providing teaching to a young adult client who has a history of calcium oxalate renal calculi. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
-consume 1000 mg of dietary calcium daily
A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods selected by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
-corn tortilla with black beans
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile?
-digesting fats
A nurse is updating the plan of care for a client who has dumping syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
-eat a source of protein with each meal
A nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status. The nurse determines the client is consuming 500n calories more per day than his energy level requires. If his dietary habits do not change, how long will it take the client to gain 4.5 kg (10 lb)?
-10 weeks
A nurse is providing teaching about calcium intake to a client who is breastfeeding. Which of the following is the recommended daily calcium intake for a client who is breastfeeding?
-1000 mg
What is the recommended amount of calcium intake for ages 19-50?
-1000 mg daily
How many amino acids is the body able to manufacture & are considered nonessential?
-11
How many amino acids are there in total?
-20
How much does iron intake increase to in pregnant women?
-27 mg per day
How many times a week should a client w/ heart diesease & is on a low-cholesterol diet eat seafood?
-2x per week bc it is high in omega 3 fatty acids
How many cal/g of energy do carbohydrates provide?
-4
How much protein is in penne pasta?
-5.81 g per cup
How much protein is in peanut butter?
-7.11 per 2 tbsp
How much fruit should a toddler have per day?
-8 oz (1cup)
How much protein is in tomato soup?
-1.08 g per 1/2 cup
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a vegan diet and is concerned about maintaining an adequate protein intake. Which of the following food servings should the nurse recommend due to the high amount of protein?
-1/2 cup of hummus
A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. How many of the amino acids must be obtained from dietary intake?
-9
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the parent of a toddler who states that her child will not sit at the table to eat with the family. She asks the nurse for recommendations for "finger foods" for her child. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest?
-slices of ripe banana
What can be used in a low sodium diet?
-spices, vinegar
A nurse is caring for a client who has xerostomia with a lack of saliva. Which of the following nutrients will be affected by the lack of salivary amylase?
-starch
What is glycogen?
-stored in liver -released in form of glucose to meet body's energy needs
What sugars increase hypertonicity & propel food through the intestines faster?
-sugar, honey, sugar alcohols (sorbitol & xylitol)
When does ketosis develop?
-the body relies on only fats to meet energy needs -carbs prevent this
What does zinc do in the body?
-tissue growth -wound healing -supports immune function
What does iron do in the body?
-transports O2 by hemoglobin & myoglobin -component of enzyme systems
t/f... Baking soda is high in sodium.
-true
t/f... Frozen/fresh veggies are low in sodium.
-true
t/f... Yogurt is low in fat & sodium & is a good source of calcium & protein.
-true
A BMI below 18.5 is considered what?
-underweight, health risk
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer and reports a dry mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse provide?
-use gravies or sauces to soften food
What foods have gluten in them?
-wheat, ray, barley
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?
-you don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat
A nurse is educating a client who is at 10 weeks gestation and reports frequent nausea and vomiting. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
-you should eat dry foods that are high in carbs when you wake up