ATI practice question GI, Ch 40, Chapter 41 NCLEX style questions

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following complications? A. Aspiration B. Infection C. Anemia D. Weight loss

A. Aspiration

A patient is suspected to have diverticulosis without symptoms of diverticulitis. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate educating the patient about prior to discharge? A. Colonoscopy B. barium enema C. flexible sigmoidoscopy D. CT scan

A. Colonoscopy

A nurse is caring for a client who had a gastric resection to treat adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The client tells the nurse in the PACU that he does not remember why the surgeon said he had to have a tube in his nose. The nurse should explain that the NG tube serves which of the following purposes? A. Prevents excessive pressure on suture lines B. Allows gastric lavage after surgery C. Allows early postoperative feeding D. Facilitates obtaining gastric specimens for testing

A. Prevents excessive pressure on suture lines

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to undergo a liver biopsy for a suspected malignancy. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse monitor prior to the procedure? A. Prothrombin time B. Serum lipase C. Bilirubin D. Calcium

A. Prothrombin time

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute diverticulitis. While the client has active inflammation, the nurse should instruct the client to include which of the following foods in her diet? A. White bread and plain yogurt B. Shredded wheat cereal and blueberries C. Broccoli and kidney beans D. Oatmeal and fresh pears

A. White bread and plain yogurt

The nurse is instructing a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) about the diet that should be followed during the acute phase. Which type of diet would the nurse stress?

Blend foods

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has diverticulitis about preventing acute attacks. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A. Foods high in vitamin C B. Foods low in fat C. Foods high in fiber D. Foods low in calories

C. Foods high in fiber

A nurse is caring for a client who has abdominal pain and possible pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse identify as an indication of pancreatitis? A. Decreased white blood cell (WBC) count B. Increased albumin level C. Increased serum lipase level level D. Decreased blood glucose level

C. Increased serum lipase level

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy and has just returned to the room following physical therapy. The nurse notes that the infusion pump for the client's TPN is turned off. After restarting the infusion pump, the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings? A. Hypertension B. Excessive thirst C. Fever D. Diaphoresis

D. Diaphoresis

A nurse is assessing a client who has a complete intestinal obstruction. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Absence of bowel sounds in all 4 abdominal quadrants B. Passage of blood-tinged liquid stool C. Presence of flatus D. Hyperactive bowel sounds above the obstruction

D. Hyperactive bowel sounds above the obstruction

The nurse educator of college health course is discussing tattoos with the class. Which type of hepatitis associated with tattoos would the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Hepatitis C

Clear liquid diet. Which item would the nurse offer to the client?

Jell-O, Broth, Ginger ale

A patient sustained second- and third-degree burns over 30% of the body surface area approximately 72 hours ago. Which type of ulcer will the nurse monitor for while caring for this patient? a. Curling ulcer b. Peptic ulcer C. Toophageal ulcer d. Meckel ulcer

a. Curling ulcer

The nurse is caring for a patient who is suspected to have developed a peptic ulcer hemorrhage. Which action would the nurse perform first? a. Place the patient in a recumbent position with the legs elevated. b. Prepare a peripheral and central line for intravenous infusion. c. Assess vital signs. d. Call the health provider

a. Place the patient in a recumbent position with the legs elevated.

The nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient with acute gastritis.The patient has a new prescription for a histamine-2 receptor antagonist. Which medication will the nurse administer? a. Omeprazole b. Famotidine c. Lansoprazole d. Bismuth salts

b. Famotidine

A patient is in the hospital for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The nurse finds the patient with a boardlike abdomen, vomiting, and reports of a sudden severe pain in the abdomen. Which will the nurse suspect these symptoms indicate? a. The treatment for the peptic ulcer is ineffective b. A reaction to the medication given for the ulcer c. Gastric penetration d. Perforation of the peptic ulcer

d. Perforation of the peptic ulcer

Which pain description would the nurse expect to report when describing pain associated with a suspected duodenal peptic ulcer?

A gnawing sensation in the epigastric area

The nurse determines that a patient is at risk for the development of gastric cancer. Which foods will the nurse encourage the patient to avoid? (Select all that apply.) a. Fruits b. Vegetables c. Smoked foods d. Pickled foods e. Whole grains

CD

The nurse is educating a patient with peptic ulcer about dietary modification. Which will the nurse include when educating this patient? a. Avoid extremes of temperature in food and beverages. b. Increase the fiber content in the diet. c. Decrease the amount of fluid the patient is drinking. d. Increase the protein content in the diet.

A) Avoid extremes of temperature in food and beverages

A patient is having a diagnostic work up for reports of frequent diarrhea, right lower abdominal pain, and weight loss. The nurse is reviewing the results of the barium study and notes the presence of "string sign." What does the nurse recognize that this is significant of? A. Crohn's disease B. ulcerative colitis C. irritable bowel syndrome D. diverticulitis

A. Crohn's disease

A nurse is assessing a client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Emesis with a coffee-ground appearance B. Increased blood pressure C. Decreased heart rate D. Bright green stools

A. Emesis with a coffee-ground appearance

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of cirrhosis who has been admitted with manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following laboratory tests to determine the possibility of recent excessive alcohol use? A. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) B. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) C. Serum bilirubin D. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

A. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)

The nurse is caring for an older adult patient experiencing fecal incontinence. When planning the care of this patient, what should the nurse designate as a priority goal? A. Maintaining skin integrity B. beginning a bowel program to establish continence C. instituting a diet high in fiber and increase fluid intake D. determining the need for surgical intervention to correct the problem

A. Maintaining skin integrity

A nurse is recommending dietary modifications for a client who has GERD. The nurse should suggest eliminating which of the following foods from the client's diet? A. Oranges and tomatoes B. Carrots and bananas C. Potatoes and squash D. Whole wheat and beans

A. Oranges and tomatoes

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about caring for a client who is scheduled for an esophagogastric balloon tamponade tube to treat bleeding esophageal varices. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. The client will be placed on mechanical ventilation prior to this procedure. B. The tube will be inserted into the client's trachea. C. The client will receive a bowel preparation with cathartics prior to this procedure. D. The tube allows the application of a ligation band to the bleeding varices.

A. The client will be placed on mechanical ventilation prior to this procedure.

A patient comes to the clinic, stating, "I think I have an ulcer." Which symptom(s) associated with peptic ulcer pain will the nurse inquire about? (Select all that apply.) a. Burning sensation localized in the back or mid-epigastrium b. Feeling of emptiness that precedes meals from 1 to 3 hours c. Severe gnawing pain that increases in severity as the day progresses d. Pain that radiates to the shoulder or jaw e. Vomiting without associated nausea

ABC

A patient has been diagnosed with acute gastritis and ask the nurse what could have caused it. Which is the best response(s) by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) a. "It can be caused by ingestion of strong acids." b. "You may have ingested some irritating foods." c. "Is it possible that you are overusing aspirin." d. "It is a hereditary disease." we. 'It is probably your nerves."

ABC

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has GERD. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations? (Select all that apply.) A. Regurgitation B. Nausea C. Belching D. Heartburn E. Weight loss

ABCD

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has a new diagnosis of hepatitis A. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "During this illness, she may take acetaminophen for fevers or discomfort." B. "Encourage her to eat foods that are high in carbohydrates." C. "The provider will prescribe a medication to help her liver heal faster." D. "Have her perform moderate exercise to restore her strength more quickly."

B. "Encourage her to eat foods that are high in carbohydrates."

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with gastritis. To promote fluid balance when treating gastritis, the nurse educates the patient about the intake of how much fluid per day? a. 1.0 L b. 1.5 L c. 2.0 L d. 2.5 L

B. 1.5 L

A nurse is assessing a client who is in the early stages of hepatitis A. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? A. Jaundice B. Anorexia C. Dark urine D. Pale feces

B. Anorexia

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has GERD. When documenting the client's history, the nurse should expect the client to report that symptoms worsen with which of the following actions? A. Stair-climbing B. Bending over C. Sitting D. Walking

B. Bending over

The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment for a patient with diarrhea and auscultates a loud rumbling sound in the left lower quadrant. What will the nurse document this sound as on the nurses notes? A. Loud bowel sounds B. Borborygmus C. Tenemus D. peristalsis

B. Borborygmus

A nurse is caring for a client who has recovered from acute diverticulitis. The nurse should instruct the client to increase his intake of which of the following foods when the inflammation subsides? A. Cucumbers and tomatoes B. Cabbage and peaches C. Strawberries and corn D. Figs and nuts

B. Cabbage and peaches

The nurse is irrigating a colostomy when the patient says, "you will have to stop, I am cramping so badly." What is the priority action by the nurse? A. Inform the patient that it will only last a minute and continue with the procedure B. clamp the tubing and give the patient a rest period C. Stop the irrigation and remove the tube D. replace the fluid with cooler water since it is probably too warm

B. clamp the tubing and give the patient a rest period

The nurse is caring for a patient who has malabsorption syndrome with an undetermined cause. What procedure will the nurse assist with that is the best diagnostic test for this illness? A. Ultrasound B. endoscopy with mucosal biopsy C. stool specimen for ova and parasites D. pancreatic function tests

B. endoscopy with mucosal biopsy

The nurse is assessing a patient with appendicitis. The nurse is attempting to elicit a Rovsing sign. Where should the nurse palpate for this indicator of acute appendicitis? A. Right lower quadrant B. left lower quadrant C. right upper quadrant D. left upper quadrant

B. left lower quadrant

The nurse is admitting a patient with a diagnosis of diverticulitis and assesses that the patient has a board like abdomen, no bowel sounds, an reports severe abdominal pain. What is the nurses first action? A. Start an IV with lactated ringer solution B. notify the health care provider C. administer a retention enema D. administer in opioid analgesic

B. notify the health care provider

The nurse is assigned to care for a patient two days after an appendectomy due to a ruptured appendix with resultant peritonitis. The nurse has just assisted the patient with ambulation to the bedside commode when the patient points to the surgical site and informs the nurse that "something gave way." What does the nurse suspect may have occurred? A. A drain may have become dislodged B. wound dehiscence has occurred C. Infection has developed D. the surgical wound has begun to bleed

B. wound dehiscence has occurred

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with peptic ulcer disease. Whichnursing interventions will be included in the care plan? (Select all that apply.) a. Making neurovascular checks every 4 hours b. Frequently monitoring hemoglobin and hematocrit levels c. Observing stools and vomitus for color, consistency, and volume d. Checking the blood pressure and pulse rate every 15 to 20 minutes e. Inserting an indwelling catheter for incontinence

BCD

The nurse is educating a patient with peptic ulcer disease about the disease process. Which decreases the secretion of bicarbonate from the pancreas into the duodenum, resulting in increased acidity of the duodenum? a. Smoking b. Eating spicy foods c. Drinking carbonated beverages d. Taking antacids

C) Drinking carbonated beverages

A nurse is caring for a client who has fulminant hepatic failure. Which of the following procedures should the nurse anticipate for this client? A. Endoscopic sclerotherapy B. Liver lobectomy C. Liver transplant D. Transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic shunt placement

C. Liver transplant

A nurse is assessing a client who was admitted with a bowel obstruction. The client reports severe abdominal pain. Which of the following findings indicates that a possible bowel perforation has occurred? A. Elevated blood pressure B. Bowel sounds increased in frequency and pitch C. Rigid abdomen D. Emesis of undigested food

C. Rigid abdomen

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has bleeding esophageal varices. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Famotidine B. Esomeprazole C. Vasopressin D. Omeprazole

C. Vasopressin

A patient arrives in the emergency department reporting right lower abdominal pain that began 4 hours ago and is getting worse. The nurse assesses rebound tenderness at mcburney point. What does this assessment data indicate to the nurse A. Crohn's disease B. ulcerative colitis C. appendicitis D. diverticulitis

C. appendicitis

A patient is admitted to the hospital after not having had a bowel movement in several days. The nurse observes the patient is having small liquid stools, a grossly distended abdomen, and abdominal cramping. What complication can this patient develop related to this problem? A. Appendicitis B. rectal fissures C. bowel perforation D. diverticulitis

C. bowel perforation

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had an appendectomy. What is the best position for the nurse to maintain the patient in after the surgery? A. Prone B. Sims left lateral C. high Fowler D. supine with head of bed elevated 15 degrees

C. high Fowler

A patient is not having daily bowel movements and has begun taking a laxative for this problem. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding laxative use? A. When taking the laxatives, plenty of fluids should be taken as well B. the laxatives should be taken no more than three times a week or laxative addiction will result C. laxatives should not be routinely taken due to destruction of nerve endings in the colon D. laxatives should never be the first response for the treatment of Constipation; Natural methods should be employed first

C. laxatives should not be routinely taken due to destruction of nerve endings in the colon

A patient is being seen in the clinic reporting painful hemorrhoids. The nurse assesses the patient and observes the hemorrhoids are prolapsed but able to be placed back in the rectum manually. the nurse documents the hemorrhoids as what degree? A. First degree B. second degree C. third degree D. 4th degree

C. third degree

A nurse is completing a history and physical assessment for a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a likely cause of the client's condition? A. High-calorie diet B. Prior gastrointestinal illnesses C. Tobacco use D. Alcohol use

D. Alcohol use

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing perforation of a peptic ulcer. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? A. Increased blood pressure B. Decreased heart rate C. Yellowing of the skin D. Boardlike abdomen

D. Boardlike abdomen

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticulitis and a new prescription for a low-fiber diet. Which of the following food items should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray? A. Canned fruit B. White bread C. Broiled hamburger D. Coleslaw

D. Coleslaw

A nurse is teaching a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and a history of alcohol consumption. The nurse should explain that alcohol can cause liver cirrhosis through which of the following actions? A. Increasing the workload of the liver by releasing stored glycogen B. Causing ulceration of liver tissue that can lead to bleeding C. Dilating veins in the portal circulation D. Destroying liver cells that are later replaced with scar tissue

D. Destroying liver cells that are later replaced with scar tissue

A nurse is performing a gastrointestinal assessment of a client who has liver cirrhosis with abdominal distention. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for changes in the client's abdominal distention? A. Percuss the abdomen for tympanic sounds B. Inspect the contour of the abdominal wall C. Instruct the client to report increased abdominal discomfort D. Take serial measurements of the abdomen with a tape measure

D. Take serial measurements of the abdomen with a tape measure

A patient with irritable bowel syndrome has been having more frequent symptoms lately and is not sure what lifestyle changes may have occurred. What suggestion can the nurse provide to identify of trigger the symptoms? A. Document how much fluid is being taken to determine if the patient is over hydrating B. discontinue the use of any medication presently being taken to determine if medication is a trigger C. begin exercise regimen and biofeedback to determine if external stress is a trigger D. keep a one to two week symptom and food diary to identify food triggers

D. keep a one to two week symptom and food diary to identify food triggers

Which pain-related clinical manifestation would the nurse expect in a client who had received a diagnosis of a peptic ulcer?

The pain occurs 1 to 2 hours after having a meal.

A patient is scheduled for a Billroth I procedure for ulcer management. Which education will the nurse provide to the patient? a. A partial gastrectomy is performed with anastomosis of the stomach segment to the duodenum. b. A sectioned portion of the stomach is joined to the jejunum. c. The antral portion of the stomach is removed and a vagotomy is performed. d. The vagus nerve is cut and gastric drainage is established.

a. A partial gastrectomy is performed with anastomosis of the stomach segment to the duodenum.

The nurse is educating a patient about discharge medications. When will the nurseinstruct the patient to take the antacid medication? a. With the meal D. 30 minutes before the meal c. 1 to 3 hours after the meal d. Immediately after the meal

c. 1 to 3 hours after the meal

A patient taking metronidazole for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori states that the medication is causing nausea. Which suggestion can the nurse provide to the patient to alleviate this problem? a. Discontinue the use of the medication. b. Tell the patient to ask the health care provider to prescribe another type of antibiotic. c. Take the medication with meals to decrease the nausea. d. Crush the medication and put it in applesauce.

c. Take the medication with meals to decrease the nausea.

A patient is having bile reflux after gastric surgery and having the pylorus removed. Which pharmacologic therapy will the nurse educate the patient regarding? a. The administration of capecitabine b. The administration of omeprazole c. The administration of famotidine d. The administration of cholestyramine

d. The administration of cholestyramine