ATI Target Medical-Surgical 2016: Endocrine

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include as an expected finding of diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA)

Blood glucose levels above 300mg/dL

A nurse is assessing a client who has adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Calcium 12.8 mg/dL A client who has adrenal insufficiency has a calcium level above the expected reference range.

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling anxious. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the client is hypoglycemic?

Cool, clammy skin

A nurse is caring for a client following a thyroidectomy. The nurse should assess for which of the following findings as an indication of hypocalcemia?

Tingling and numbness of the hands and feet

A nurse is admitting a client who has hyperthyroidism. When assessing the client, the nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Tremors

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has diabetes insipid and has new prescription for desmopressin nasal spray. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Blow your nose gently prior to using the nasal spray."

A nurse is assessing a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

A client who has SIADH retains fluids, which causes dilutional hyponatremia.

A nurse is monitoring the laboratory values of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking insulin. Which of the following results indicates a therapeutic outcome of insulin therapy?

Fasting blood glucose 96 mg/dL

A home health nurse is assessing a client who requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy for the treatment of hypothyroidism. The client has not been taking his medication regularly. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hypotension Hypotension is an expected finding with hypothyroidism, along with bradypnea, dysrhythmias, cold intolerance, and cool, dry skin.

A nurse in an outpatient clinic is teaching a client who has a diabetic foot ulcer about foot care. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching?

"I will apply lotion to the dry areas of my feet, but not between my toes."

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 DM about how to prevent complications during illness. Which of the following statement should the nurse identify as an indication that the patient understands the teaching?

"I will call my doctor if my blood sugar is more than 250 milligrams per deciliter."

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who had thyroidectomy and takes a thyroid hormone replacement. Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to include?

"Take this medication on an empty stomach."

A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following effects should the nurse include?

-Osteoporosis -Moon-shaped face -Increase risk of infection

A nurse is teaching a client about glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) testing. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the information about this test?

A client who has SIADH retains fluids, which causes dilutional hyponatremia.

A nurse is teaching a client about the ACTH stimulation test. The nurse should explain that the purpose of the test is to assess for which of the following disorders?

Addison's disease It measures the cortisol response to ACTH. The response is absent or very decreased in clients who have primary adrenal insufficiency.

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about insulin injections. The client's prescription includes evening doses of insulin glargine and regular insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Draw up the insulins into separate syringes

A nurse is caring for a client who has a pheochromocytoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Elevate the head of the client's bed. The nurse should elevate the head of the client's bed to reduce blood pressure and abdominal pressure.

A nurse is caring for a client undergoing screening for primary Cushing's disease. The nurse should expect an elevation in which of the following laboratory findings?

Glucose Blood glucose is elevated in a client who has Cushing's disease.

A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of Cushing's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hirsutism Increased hair growth, or hirsutism, is an expected finding of Cushing's disease due to increased androgen production.

A nurse is managing the care of a client who is postoperative and had acute adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Hydrocortisone sodium is necessary to replace the cortisol deficiency that occurs with adrenal insufficiency.

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Increased hematocrit. An increased hematocrit is an expected finding resulting from dehydration

A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Ingest alcohol with food to reduce producing glucose. Alcohol inhibits the liver from producing glucose. Consuming carbohydrates while drinking alcoholic beverages helps prevent hypoglycemia

A nurse is monitoring a client's status 24 hr after a total thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Laryngeal stridor

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and has developed peripheral neuropathy. Which of the following measures should the nurse recommend to prevent injuries to the client's feet?

Monitor the temperature of bath water with a thermometer

A nurse has administer propranolol by IV bolus to a client who is having a thyroid storm. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is having a therapeutic response?

Reduction of the effects of thyroid hormone on the heart. Propranolol is a beta2-adrenergic blocking agent that decreases the rapid heart rate that excessive thyroid stimulation causes.

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has diabetes insipid and requires intranasal desmopressin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Report nocturia because it requires a dosage adjustment The client should receive the initial dose of desmopressin in the evening; the provider will increase the dosage until the client no longer has nocturia.

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and has hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Serum pH of 7.45 A client who has HHS produces enough insulin to prevent ketosis, but not enough to prevent hyperglycemia. Therefore, the serum pH is within the expected reference range. Glucose levels will be above 600 mg/dL

To screen a client for phechromocytoma, a nurse schedules a vanillylmandelic acid test. When teaching the client about this test, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

The client should avoid coffee and tea (even if they are decaffeinated), bananas, chocolate, and vanilla for 2 to 3 days prior to the test.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking propylthioracil. The nurse should identify that the client has met the treatment goals when she reports an increase in which of the following manifestations?

Weight

A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Which of the following results should the nurse expect?

pH 7.32 PaCO2 36 mmHg HCO3 14 mEq/L Metabolic acidosis is a common manifestation of DKA, with pH characteristically low, carbon dioxide within the expected reference range, and bicarbonate low.