Atoms and periodic table

Where are the Transition Metals found on the Periodic Table"?

The middle

Why are the Noble Gases unreactive?

Their outer energy level of electrons is full. They do not react with any other elements because they don't need any electrons and don't want to give any away either.

The elements found in group 3-12 that form or make compounds with distinctive colors. are called the ______________ ___________

Transition Metals

Which family of metals is the most chemically reactive?

alkali metals (group 1)

Non-metals break easier than metals. We say non-metals are weak or __________.

brittle

Electrons that are closer to/farther from the nucleus have less energy than those electrons that are closer to/farther from the nucleus

closer to farther from

For most of the elements on the periodic table, the number of protons is equal to the number of ____________.

electrons

The name for the small particles that zoom around the outside of an atom and has almost no mass.

electrons

Adding or removing protons in an element, from the nucleus of an atom, creates a different __________.

element

When something is only made of one type of atom, it is called an _____________.

element

metals

elements that conduct electricity, are shiny, heat well and are easily shaped, solid at room temperature (except mercury)

nonmetals

elements the do not conduct electricity, are not siny and do not conduct heat

metalloids

elements with properties between metals and nonmetals

Name two uses for transition metals

food, jewelry, coins, catalytic converters, light bulbs and for making steel

reactive

how likely an element is to undergo a chemical change

Metals are found on the left or right side of the periodic chart of elements?

left

"Malleable" is a physical property of: metals or non-metals?

metals

Most of these compounds are solids at room temperature: (metals or non-metals)

metals

"being a good conductor of heat" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?

metals (metal gets hot in the sun fast)

When atoms combine they can form____________. Water is an example of this (2 Hydrogens and 1 Oxygen)

molecules

Electrons have a ________ charge.

negative

Which family contains the non reactive gases?

noble gases

Most of these compounds are gases at room temperature: (metals or non-metals?)

non-metals

The center of an atom is called the _________________.

nucleus

Atomic mass - atomic number = ________

number of neutrons

As you go from left to right across a row, you go from ___________ to __________ elements (describe reactivity) and the number of valence electrons ______

reactive >>>>>unreactive increases

atom

smallest particle that matter can be broken down into and still observe the characteristics of that element

Most elements in the periodic table are found in the ___________ state.

solid

In a group (column) in the periodic table, that properties are most likely similar among these elements?

the chemical and physical properties are most likely similar

atomic mass unit (amu)

the mass of one proton is approx 1 amu the mass of one neutron is approx 1 amu

Electron orbital or cloud

the rings or paths that electrons are most likely found, similar to planets

Elements in the same column have similar properties because ______________________ (not a one word answer, an explanation)

they have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital (called valence electrons)

valence electrons

# of electrons found in the furtherst out (or highest energy level) these are the electrons that can be transferred or shared with other atoms

How many vertical columns are there in the periodic table? What are they called?

-18 vertical columns -called groups/families, often named after the first element in the group (the carbon family) -elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the SAME NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS!!

How many total elements are there on the periodic table?

118

# of electrons allowed in first energy level (closest to the nucleus)

2

What are the vertical columns called? (2 names)

Families or Groups

The "Periodic Table" we use today has the elements arranged according to their _______

Increasing Atomic Numbers

In the periodic table, the number of protons tell you the __________ number.

atomic

These are the smallest building blocks of matter that make up everything.

atoms

atomic mass

average mass of ONE atom of an element

Why are Na and K often stored in oil?

because they react rapidly with oxygen and water vapor

The elements that are the most alike are the ones in the same row or the same column?

column

Metals are good conductors of _________ and _________.

heat and electricity

The atomic _______ of an atom is found by adding the protons and neutrons.

mass

"being a good conductor of electricity" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?

metals

"ductile" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?

metals

Are the following characteristics physical or chemical properties? Silvery colored Relatively soft Low melting points

physical properties

Protons have a _______ charge.

positive

The atomic number of an atom tell you the number of ___________.

protons. NOTE - the number of neutrons and electrons can vary from atom to atom of an element BUT THE NUMBER OF PROTONS MUST STAY THE SAME (or it would be a different element)

Non-metals are found on the left or right side of the periodic chart of elements?

right

The name for the electrons in the outer most orbital is the ______________ electrons.

valence electrons

The number of _______ _______ (2 words) will determine what properties an element has (such melting point, reactivity, metallic, or conductivity)

valence electrons

Families or Groups are the two names for which of the following: horizontal rows or vertical columns

vertical columns

what are the horizontal rows called in the periodic table?

-periods -there are 7

weight of an electron

1/2000 of the mass of a proton or neutron

# of electrons allowed in the 2nd energy level

8

What is a symbol in the periodic table?

A one or two letter abbreviation of the element's name. First letter ALWAYS capitalized, second letter ALWAYS lower case

What metal family is the most reactive and why?

Alkali metals - they really want to give away the one valence electron that they have.

What does ductile mean?

Drawn into thin wires

Which groups on the periodic table are the most reactive?

Groups 1 and 17

What non-metal family is the most reactive and why?

Halogens -because they only need only one more electron to reach 8 valence electrons.

Which element is a "One-of-a-Kind" and does not have any neutrons?

Hydrogen

Which element has three (3) electrons?

Lithium (Li)

Elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals and are found along the zig-zag line on the periodic chart.

Metalloids

Neutrons have a ________ charge.

Neutral or no

What are the rows called?

Periods

_______ and _______ make up most of the mass of an atom.

Protons and neutrons

What does malleable mean?

That something can be hammered into thin sheets if struck, rather than having it shatter.