Audrey Mladina's Amazing Art310 Cards (Combined For Final)

Ashlar (or Polygonal Masonry)

What is the name of the technique used by the Incans to fit blocks of stone tightly together with no mortar?

Citadel of Beauty

What is the nickname of Banteay Srey Temple?

Pyramids of Giza (Gizeh)

What is the only surviving structure of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World?

Thatched roof houses

What kind of houses did the residents of Machu Picchu live in?

Sandstone

What kind of stone was used to make the temples at Angkor?

Mortis and Tenon (Cavity and Projection)

What kinds of joints were used to combine the pieces of stone at Angkor?

Corbel Arches

What limited how high the Khmers could built their temples?

Rough limestone & granite

What made the insides of the Pyramids of Giza?

Marble and porphyryr

What material lines the interior walls of the Pantheon?

Granite, and marble for the capitals

What material was used for the columns at the Pantheon?

Brick, sandstone, wood, laterite, stucco (lime/sand), gold leaf

What materials were used by the Khmer at Angkor?

Stone, lead mortar, and white marble

What materials were used to build the Lighthouse at Alexandria?

Almost fully intact

What state was King Tutankhamun's tomb in when it was discovered?

Zeus or Poseidon

What statue is found at the top of the Lighthouse at Alexandria?

4 Tritons

What statues are found at the 4 lower corners of the tower at the Lighthouse at Alexandria?

Library at Alexandria

What structure was the model for modern day university campuses?

Phnom Bakheng Temple

What temple is a step pyramid (not the first) dedicated to Shiva at Angkor?

One giant piece of limestone

What was The Sphinx carved from?

All that a king would need in an afterlife

What was buried along with King Tut in his tomb?

Nearly 500,000 papyrus scrolls

What was contained in the Library at Alexandria?

They were dressed (rubbed smooth)

What was done to the stones of Angkor temples so that they fit together perfectly without mortar?

Trapezoidal doorways and windows

What was installed to help prevent collapse during an earthquake at Machu Picchu?

Minarets by early Islamic Mosques

What was the Lighthouse of Alexandria the model for in architecture?

Angkor

What was the capitol of Cambodia under the Khmer Empire?

Step Pyramid of Djoser

What was the first pyramid in Egypt?

Bakong Pyramid

What was the first stone step pyramid (dedicated to Shiva) at Angkor?

Clay and straw bricks, dried in the sun

What was the main building of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon most likely made out of?

Polished white limestone

What was used to make the outside of the Pyramids of Giza?

Stone

What was used to make the supporting parts of the Hanging Garden of Babylons structure?

Wood

What were less important structures (e.g., dwellings/residences) at Angkor made out of?

Sacrificed children, 17 freshly decapitated heads, over 200 soldiers buried alive

What were some of the more grotesque things found at the pyramids of Teotihuacan?

House of Fire, Libraries, Hall of Dancers

What were some of the rooms at the Angkor temples?

Laterite on the inside and carved sandstone on the outside

What were the concentric walls of the Khmer temples made out of (inside and outside)?

Annex, Antechamber, Burial Chamber, Treasury

What were the four rooms in King Tutankhamun's tomb?

Rubble masonry

What were the inclined walls of the Pyramid of the Sun made out of?

Humans and elephants, ropes, scaffolding

What were the labor forces at Angkor?

Sarsen Stones

What were the larger stones at Stone Henge called?

A base of stone, reeds, a type of asphalt, tiles, and a sheet of lead

What were the planting areas of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon made out of?

Blue Stones

What were the smaller stones at Stone Henge called?

White lime plaster with gold leaf

What would the exterior of the Khmer temples have been covered with?

Plaster made of clay and lime

What would the interior of the residences at Machu Picchu have been made with?

Arena

"Sand" or "beach" in Latin.

Earthquakes, the Christians, and the Persians

Aside from Julius Caesar, what caused the destruction of the Lighthouse at Alexandria?

Wider

Each Sarsen stone is _______ at the top to make it look straighter.

The column and beam

Greek architecture is defined by what two features?

About double the size in height but similar in base

How large is the Great Pyramid of Giza in comparison to the Pyramid of the Sun?

Less than 1000 sq feet

How large was King Tut's tomb?

50 - 70k

How many spectators could the Colosseum hold?

Chiseling a groove then using a metal or wooden wedge to break it into the desired size

How were stones cut at Angkor?

Dug out over 30 ft deep, compacted with large sticks, then filled with sand, gravel, and clay

How were the foundations for the Angkor temples built?

Elephants, slave labor, rafts on the Siem Reap river, and man-made canals

How were the stones used to build the Angkor temples brought there?

An urn, dancing Amazon women, eagles, Winged Nikes

Name 2 things visible in the tholos at the Tomb of Petra.

Brick, stone, cement, mortar, concrete, marble

Name 3 materials used in Roman architecture.

Isis & Medusa

Name one of the mythological characters shown in the pediments at Petra.

Stone directly on logs, stone and sled on logs, or stone age ball bearings

Name one theory on how the stones were brought to Stone Henge.

Doric, Ionic, Corinthian

Name the three types of columns used on each level of the Colosseum.

The column, beam, and arch

Roman architecture is defined by what three features?

Religious structures

Stones quarried at Phnom Kulen were used for what starting in the 900s AD?

Mortis and Tenon joints

The lintels and uprights at Stonehenge are connected by what?

Siq

The name of the "shaft" to Petra

Hypogeum

The name of the underground portion of the Colosseum.

Mount Meru

The temples of Angkor were built to symbolize the peaks of what?

Shiva the Destroyer

To whom are most of the temples at Angkor dedicated?

Top Down

Was Petra carved from the top down or bottom up?

Pyramid of the Sun, Pyramid of the Moon, and Pyramid of the Feathered Serpent

What are the 3 main pyramids at Teotihuacan?

Bas-reliefs

What are the carvings on the walls at Angkor called?

Trilithons

What are the five large structures at the center of the Stone Henge circle called?

Galleries

What are the halls (indoor and outdoor) of the Angkor temples called?

Aubrey Holes

What are the holes closest to the outer ditch of Stone Henge called?

Hammer Stones

What are the stones that the Incans used to shape other rocks with called?

The Pantheon

What building features the largest unsupported concrete dome in the world?

Painted plaster

What covered the rubble walls of the pyramids at Teotihuacan?

Murals

What decorates the interiors at the Palace and Apartment Complex at Teotihuacan

A higher level

What did each concentric wall of the Khmer temples enclose?

Round logs and ropes

What did the Incans use to move the stone to Machu Picchu?

An early form of buttressing

What did the Khmer use to support the levels of their temples?

Hydraulic engineering

What did the Nabaataens use to create an artificial oasis in the desert?

Obsidian

What did the people of Teotihuacan use to make tools, jewelry, masks, etc.?

Prevent erosion, provide a place for crops

What did the terraces at Machu Picchu do?

Keep the water table constant in both flood and drought season

What do the moats around the Khmer temple cities do?

The peaks of Mount Meru

What do the steps of Phnom Bakheng Temple represent?

Khmer Empire

What empire ruled over Cambodia from 800-1400 AD?

Concentric walls

What enclosed the Khmer temples?

Inti Watana, Temple of the Sun, Temple of the 3 Windows

What is one of the 3 most important structures at Machu Picchu?

Straight ramp, spiral ramp, internal ramp, or water canals and covered causeways

What is one of the construction theories for the Great Pyramids of Egypt?

Chain pump, screw pump

What is one theory of how the Hanging Gardens of Babylon were made?

The Sphinx

What is the largest monolith statue in the world?

Great Pyramid of Giza

What is the largest of the 3 Egyptian pyramids called?

Avenue of the Dead

What is the main "street" at Teotihuacan called?

Machu Picchu

What is the most well-known icon of the Incan civilization?

Gopura

What is the name of the Khmer building that provides passage through the outside walls

Razor joint

What is the name of the area where stones meet that are rubbed smooth to fit without mortar?

Angkor Archaeological Park

What is the name of the park containing the majority of the Angkor temples?

The keystone

What is the name of the piece which is critical to holding an arch together?

In Ninevah by Sennacherib

Where is the Hanging Garden of Babylon actually thought to have been built and by whom?

Inside the pyramid (as opposed to below it)

Where is the Pharaoh's tomb located at the Pyramids of Giza?

Lighthouse at Alexandria (The Pharos)

Which of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World can be found at Alexandria?

Julius Caesar

Who burnt down a part of the Library at Alexandria?

Howard Carter, 1922

Who discovered King Tutankhamun's tomb? When?

Alexander the Great

Who founded Alexandria?