AWS Quiz Questions
What are the advantages of cloud computing over computing on-premises? A) Go global in minutes B) Use on-demand capacity C) Increase speed and agility D) Avoid large capital purchases E) All of these
E) All of these
Differentiate AWS Budget from AWS Cost Explorer.
- AWS Budget shows you the status of your budget and provides forecasts of your estimated costs. - AWS Cost Explorer enables you to visualise, understand, and manage your costs and usage over time.
Name three ways to access AWS Organizations.
- AWS Management Console - AWS Command Line Interface - Software development kits
Which AWS service uses block storage? Object storage?
- Amazon EBS - block storage - Amazon S3 - object storage
What are edge locations?
Edge locations are AWS data centres designed to deliver services with the lowest latency possible.
Compare and contrast IAM users and roles.
- An IAM user is a person or application that can authenticate with an AWS account. - An IAM role is a mechanism to grant a set of permissions for making AWS service requests.
How are service control policies different from IAM permission policies?
- IAM permission policies define permissions and enable dine-grained access control; they can be identity-based or resource-based. - Service control policies never grant permissions, rather they specify the maximum permissions for an organisation.
When do you consult an AWS Trusted Advisor?
- If you want to ensure that you follow best practices to increase performance and fault tolerance in the AWS environment, AWS Support has AWS Trusted Advisor. - AWS Trusted Advisor is like a customized cloud expert. It is an online resource that checks for opportunities to reduce monthly expenditures and increase productivity. - E.g., AWS Trusted Advisor provides infrastructure security optimisation recommendations.
Explain the difference between implicit deny and explicit deny in AWS security policies.
- Implicit deny - actions in the account are denied to the user by default. -Explicit deny - actions are specifically denied in the IAM policies.
What are the three types of Amazon EC2 instances based on their costs? (Ignore dedicated hosts and dedicated instances). Briefly describe each instance type and the workload that is suitable for each.
- On-demand: pay by the hour without long-term commitments; suitable for short-term, spiky, or unpredictable workload. - Reserved: full, partial, or no upfront payment; suitable for steady state or predictable usage workload. -Spot: instances run as long as they are available, and your bid is above the Spot Instance price; suitable for applications with flexible start and end times.
By default, AWS IAM assumes A) explicit allow B) implicit deny C) implicit allow D) explicit deny
B) implicit deny
Describe the usage of each of the following options along with the command ls : -a -h -l -r -R -t
-a: Show hidden files and directories. -h: List in a human-readable format. -l: Display using the long-list format. -r: Reverses the order of the list. -R: Recursively listing files and directories. -t: Sorts the list by (last modified) time.
Which component of AWS Global Infrastructure does Amazon CloundFront use to ensure low-latency delivery? A) Amazon VPC B) AWS Regions C) AWS Availability Zones D) AWS edge locations
D) AWS edge locations
Where can a customer go to get more details about Amazon EC2 billing activity that took place 3 months ago? A) AWS Cost Explorer B) Amazon EC2 dashboard C) Amazon CloudTrail logs stored in Amazon S3 D) Amazon Trustor Advisor dashboard
A) AWS Cost Explorer
Which of the following are the geographical areas that host two or more Availability Zones? A) AWS Regions B) AWS Origins C) Compute zones D) Edge locations
A) AWS Regions
Which of the following must be specified when launching a new Amazon EC2 Windows instance? Select all that apply. A) Amazon EC2 instance type B) The Amazon EC2 instance ID C) Amazon Machine Image (AMI) D) Password for the administrator account
A) Amazon EC2 instance type C) Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
Which of the following can be used as a storage class for an S3 object lifecycle policy? Choose all that apply A) Glacier B) DynamoDB C) Standard Access D) Storage Gateway E) Infrequent Access
A) Glacier C) Standard Access E) Infrequent Access
Which of the following require the LEAST management by the cloud computing user? A) Software as a Service B) Infrastructure as a Service C) Platform as a Service
A) Software as a Service
Amazon S3 replicates all objects _____ A) in multiple Availability Zones within the same region B) across multiple regions for higher durability C) on multiple S3 buckets D) on multiple volumes within an Availability Zone
A) in multiple Availability Zones within the same region
For certain services like Amazon EC2 and Amazon RDS, you can invest in reserved capacity. What are the options available? A) NURI B) PURI C) AURI D) All of these
D) All of these
Which Amazon EC2 option is best for long-term workloads with predicatable usage patterns? A) On-demand instances B) Reserved instances C) Spot instances
B) Reserved instances
If your project requires you to run monthly reports that iterate through very large amounts of data, which Amazon EC2 purchasing option should you consider? A) Spot instances B) Scheduled reserved instances C) Dedicated hosts D) Own-demand instances
B) Scheduled reserved instances
Which of the following is a server less compute service in AWS? A) AWS OpsWorks B) Amazon EC2 C) AWS Lambda D) AWS Config
C) AWS Lambda
When creating an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy, what are the two types of access that can be granted to a user? A) Institutional Access B) Authorized Access C) AWS Management Console access D) Administrative root access E) Programmatic access
C) AWS Management Console access E) Programmatic access
What AWS tool lets you explore AWS services and create an estimate for the cost of your use cases on AWS? A) AWS Budgets B) AWS Billing Dashboard C) AWS Pricing Calculator D) AWS Cost and Usage Report
C) AWS Pricing Calculator
Which of the following is a compute service A) Amazon CloudFront B) Amazon RedShift C) Amazon EC2 D) Amazon VPC E) Amazon S3
C) Amazon EC2
Which of the following are best practice to secure your account using AWS IAM? Select all that apply A) Avoid using IAM groups to grant the same access permission to multiple users B) Provide users with default administrative privilege's C) Define fine grained access rights D) Leave unused and unnecessary users and credentials in place E) Manage access to AWS resources
C) Define fine grained access rights E) Manage access to AWS resources
Which of the following IS NOT a benefit of cloud computing? A) Increase speed and agility B) Massive economies of scale C) Keep guessing on capacity D) Trade capital expense for variable expense
C) Keep guessing on capacity
Which of these is NOT a benefit of cloud computing over on-premises computing? A) Benefit from massive economies of scale B) Increase speed and agility C) Paying for racking, stacking, and powering servers D) Trade capital expense for variable expense E) Eliminate guessing on your capacity needs
C) Paying for racking, stacking, and powering servers
Which of the following MOST accurately describe the benefits of AWS Availability Zones? A) The request is routed to the edge location that provides the lowest latency (time delay), so that content is delivered with the best possible performance. B) A fully managed NoSQL database service that provides fast and predictable performance. C) The ability to operate production applications and databases that are more highly available, fault tolerant, and scalable than would be possible from a single data centre. D) A service that provides the deep functionality and flexibility of natural language understanding (NLU) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) so you can build highly engaging user experiences with lifelike, conversational interactions, and create new categories of products.
C) The ability to operate production applications and databases that are more highly available, fault tolerant, and scalable than would be possible from a single data centre.
Economies of scale result from A) having to invest heavily in data centres and servers B) having hundreds of cloud services available over the Internet C) having hundreds of thousands of customers aggregated in the cloud D) having many different cloud providers
C) having hundreds of thousands of customers aggregated in the cloud
Which Amazon EC2 feature ensures that your instance will not share a physical hardware with the instances from any other AWS customer? A. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) B. Placement groups C. Dedicated Instances D. Reserved Instances
C. Dedicated Instances
Your web application needs four instances to support steady traffic nearly all of the time. On the last day of each month, the traffic triples.What is a cost-effective way to handle this traffic pattern? A) Run 12 Reserved Instances all of the time B) Run four On-Demand Instances constantly, then add eight more On-Demand Instances on the last day of each month C) Run four Reserved Instances constantly, then add eight On-Demand Instances on the last day of each month D) Run four On-Demand Instances constantly, then add eight Reserved Instances on the last day of each month
C. Run four Reserved Instances constantly, then add eight On-Demand Instances on the last day of each month
What is included in an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)? A) Launch permissions that control which AWS accounts can use the AMI to launch instances B) A block device mapping that specifies the volumes attached to the instance when it is launched C) A template for the boot volume for the instance D) All of these
D) All of these
Which of the following best describes why AWS is more economical than traditional data centres for applications with varying compute workloads? A) Amazon EC2 costs are billed on a monthly basis B) Customers retain full administrative access to their EC2 instances C) Customers can permanently run enough instances to handle peak workloads D) Amazon EC2 instances can be launched on-demand when needed
D) Amazon EC2 instances can be launched on-demand when needed
Which of the following is the best way for a system administrator to add an additional layer of login security to a user? A) Enable AWS CloudTrail B) Audit AWS IAM roles C) Use Amazon Cloud Directory D) Enable multi-factor authentication
D) Enable multi-factor authentication
Which of the following is the responsibility of AWS under the AWS shared responsibility model? A) Configuring third-party applications B) Security application access and data C) Managing custom Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) D) Maintaining physical hardware
D) Maintaining physical hardware
AWS highly recommends provisioning your compute resources across ______ Availability Zone(s). A) Single B) All C) No D) Multiple
D) Multiple
What is cloud computing? A) Backing up files that are stored on desktop and mobile devices to prevent data loss. B) Running code without needing to manage or provision servers. C) Deploying applications connected to on-premises infrastructure. D) On-demand delivery of IT resources and applications through the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.
D) On-demand delivery of IT resources and applications through the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.
Which statement is TRUE about the AWS pricing model? A) Compute is typically charged as a monthly fee based on instance type. B) In most cases, there is a per gigabyte charge for inbound data transfer. C) Outbound charges are free up to a per-account limit. D) Storage is typically charged per gigabyte.
D) Storage is typically charged per gigabyte.
Which of the following in NOT a cloud computing model? A) Infrastructure as a service B) Platform as a service C) Software as a service D) System administration as a service
D) System administration as a service
True or False: To receive the discounted rate associated with Reserved Instances, you must make full, upfront payment for the term of the agreement.
False
Mahout Group Work - Define the confusion table for a binary logistic regression. Clearly label the rows (actual) and columns (predicted), along with the number of true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives. Indicate both Type I and Type II errors in the table.
False Positive - Type 1 Error False Negative - Type 2 Error
Which of these are ways to access I. AWS core services? II. AWS Management Console III. AWS Command Line Interface (CLI) IV. Software Development Kits (SDKs) V. AWS Marketplace Technical support calls
I, II, and III only
What does the option -i in the following grep command line achieve? grep -i "it" haiku.txt
Ignoes case
Hadoop - Why is the Hadoop filesystem often described as fault tolerant?
Input files are divided into file blocks (of 128 MB by default) and replicated across data nodes (default replication factor of 3).
Hadoop - What is the built-in safety guard of the rmdir command?
It does not remove non-empty directories
Hadoop - Will the following command line execute without error? Why or why not? hdfs dfs -D dfs.blocksize=500000 -put diary.txt /4260/lastname Assume that the file diary.txt exists in the local filesystem and the directory lastname exists within the 4260 directory in the Hadoop filesystem.
It will not work because the specified block size is less than the minimum block size of 1,048,576 bytes.
Mahout Group Work - Suppose that we have the following observations with four features: A = (2,13,5,0), B = (6,1,10,3), and C = (7,8,4,9). Compute the Jaccard index for A and B, and then B and C. Repeat the same exercise using the Euclidean distance. You must show your work.
Jaccard Index: J(A,B) = 1/4 J(B,C) = 14/34 Euclidean Distance: A,B = sqrt(194) = 13.93 B,C = sqrt(122) = 11.05
Mahout Group Work - In the mahout trainlogistic and runlogistic routines, where should the input file be placed? Local filesystem (remote) or Hadoop filesystem (remote)?
Local Filesystem
Explain the difference between stopping and terminating an EC2 instance.
The key difference between stopping and terminating an instance is that the attached bootable EBS volume will not be deleted when stopping.
Mahout Group Work - The Euclidean distance is always less than or equal to the Taxicab distance. True or false?
True
Mahout Group Work - The Tanimoto coefficient is always bounded from below by 0 and bounded from above by 1, inclusive of endpoints. True or false?
True
True or False: AWS Key Management Service (KMS) is a service that allows you to create and manage encryption keys and control your applications.
True
True or False: AWS Organizations enables you to consolidate multiple AWS accounts so that you can centrally manage them
True
True or False: AWS owns and maintains the network-connected hardware required for application services, while you provision and use what you need.
True
True or False: Amazon EBS can be backed up automatically through snapshots
True
True or False: Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) is an object storage
True
True or False: Media asset archiving is an example use case of Amazon S3 Glacier
True
Consider a text file called file.txt . Write a command line (a one liner) that will - replace every semicolon with a comma in every single line, except for the first occurrence of semicolon in each line, and - delete every colon in every single line by appending the results to an existing file called data.txt without modifying the original file.
sed -e 's/;/,/2g' -e 's/://g' file.txt >> data.txt