B-03 Part 2

A stimulus presented contingent upon a behavior that increases the future probability of the behavior is... A. a positive reinforcer. B. an unconditioned reinforcer. C. a reinforcer.

A. a positive reinforcer.

With negative reinforcement... A. a stimulus is REMOVED AFTER a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior. B. a stimulus is REMOVED BEFORE a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior. C. a stimulus is PRESENTED AFTER a behavior and DECREASES the future probability of the behavior. D. a stimulus is PRESENTED AFTER a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior.

A. a stimulus is REMOVED AFTER a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior.

Operant behaviors are defined.. A. functionally by their effects on the environment. b. topographically and by their effects on the environment. C. by the antecedent events that elicit them.

A. functionally by their effects on the environment.

Primary reinforcers are... A. not learned. B. always functional at birth. C. conditioned.

A. not learned.

For reinforcement to occur... A. the consequence must increase the future probability of the behavior. B. the reinforcer must be correlated with a particular discriminative stimulus. C. the discriminative stimulus must immediately follow the reinforcer. D. (all of the above)

A. the consequence must increase the future probability of the behavior.

With negative reinforcement... A. the individual escapes or avoids aversive stimulation. B. behavior decreases. C. the individual can only escape aversive stimulation.

A. the individual escapes or avoids aversive stimulation.

In operant conditioning, there is... A. exclusive control by an antecedent stimulus. B. a correlation between a behavior and a consequence. C. a correlation between a reinforcer and a consequence.

B. a correlation between a behavior and a consequence.

A stimulus or event that is reinforcing without having to be conditioned is... A. an unconditioned stimulus. B. a primary reinforcer. C. a secondary reinforcer.

B. a primary reinforcer.

Escape... A. results in avoidance of an aversive stimulus. B. results in the termination of an aversive stimulus. C. occurs in a positive reinforcement procedure. D. (all of the above)

B. results in the termination of an aversive stimulus.

With positive reinforcement, a stimulus is... A. PRESENTED BEFORE a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior. B. REMOVED AFTER a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior. C. PRESENTED AFTER a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior. D. PRESENTED AFTER a behavior and DECREASES the future probability of the behavior. Submit

C. PRESENTED AFTER a behavior and INCREASES the future probability of the behavior.

In operant conditioning, stimulus control is a function of... A. consequent events only. B. antecedent events only. C. antecedent and consequent events.

C. antecedent and consequent events.

Avoidance... A. occurs in a positive reinforcement procedure. B. results in the termination of an aversive stimulus. C. results in the aversive stimulus not being experienced. D. (all of the above)

C. results in the aversive stimulus not being experienced.

Escape... A. from an aversive setting is unnecessary if it can be avoided. B. occurs in a negative reinforcement procedure. C. increases the future probability of the behavior that precedes it. D. (all of the above)

D. (all of the above)

For reinforcement to occur.. A. a behavior must produce a consequence. B. increases in behavior are due to the consequence it produces. C. there is an increase in the future probability of the behavior. D. (all of the above)

D. (all of the above)