Baghdad

Reasons for Fame (Baghdad)

- Capital of Abbasid Caliphate - Geographical, Intellectual & Multicultural Center - Golden Age of Early Islamic Culture

Golden Age of Early islamic Culture (Baghdad)

- During the Abbasid Caliphate. - They had libraries, book production, House of Wisdom. - Translations, science, math & medicine

Infrastructure: Baghdad

- Mansur built Baghdad, he was the second caliphate (Abbasid) - The Round City (Three walls around it, 4 gates) - Had a Bridge of Boats. It is something that they could disassemble quickly and prevent attacks. - Mansur built roads that would come into the center of the city. No building were permitted in the center besides royal preserve

Geographical, Intellectual, & Multicultural Center (Baghdad)

- The Abbasid had support for schools and learning - They translated Greek writings from science, math, technology - It was a center for trade routes - Multiple cultures, religions, ethnic groups

Libraries (Baghdad)

16 libraries - Most famous was House of Wisdom. Caliph supported them, especially Astronomy so they knew where Mecca was.

What is Zubayad's Way

900 mile route from Kufa (city south of Baghdad) to Mecca. Zubyada built wells, and way stations along the way

How did Islam spread?

During the Muslim Arab Conquest. The goal was to conquer as many places as possible in the name of Islam. They conquered the Persian empire and southern part of the Byzantine empire

Caliphate, and Caliphe meaning

Caliphate was an Islamic empire. Caliphae was a sort of prophet, next in line to Muhammed.

Bazaar, Souk

Combination of shop and open air markets. They were organized by occupation or merchandise. They were in a southwest part of town called Karkh.

Ethincity, Wealth & Gender

Ethnicity - Arab, Turks, Persian Wealth - Landownership, Trade profits, Government offices and tariffs Gender - Polygamy (Elite men only)

Expansion of city (Baghdad)

Expanded to Rusafa (east bank of Tigris. Palace for Calpihs heir, Mahdi. They moved a army barracks there,e Eventually population reached 800,000.

Vizier

High ranking official. He worked for the Abbasid caliphate

Fiefs

Jurisdiction on an area of land and everything on it. They don't really own it but they have all rights to the fruits of it. It was a gift from the Abbasid Caliphate

How was the city founded by Mansur?

Lookin for capital since Damascus was associated with the Umayyads. He went to Iraq and needed transportation and water source. They chose to be next to the Tigris due to farmland on both sides of the banks.

Banu Musa Brothers

Mamun discovered three young boys. Caliph enrolled them into school. They become good at Engineering, Math, and Astronomy.

Industrial Production (Baghdad)

Paper, Books, Silk. They were industrial like due to quantities. Silk was not a mass market. They produced for luxury markets.

Why was the city of Baghdad founded?

To distance themselves from the Umayyad Caliphate. They saw the Umayyads as corrupt (drinking, wasting money, political crimes)

What were the differences between the two caliphates?

Umayyad Caliphate and Abbasid Caliphate. Umayyad set the capital in Damascus. The Abbasid set it in Baghdad. The Umayyad were made of Arabs, while the Abbasid were made of Persians and Turks. The Abbasid came after the Umayyad.