Begin: Exam - Chapters 5 and 14

Which is NOT a likely cause of ADHD?

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Which of these is NOT a characteristic of phenylketonuria (PKU)?

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Which of these is NOT a response to the increased clinical focus on the young?

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In which racial group is a woman's risk of being raped the greatest, relative to the group's percentage of the population?

African Americans

How are childhood patterns of behavior that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder different from adult patterns that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder?

Children display rage and aggression rather than mania

Which statement BEST describes the long-term effects of exposure to stress during childhood?

Children who are repeatedly exposed to manageable stress tend to be more resilient as adults.

How do results from evoked potential studies support the idea of the existence of multiple personalities?

Different subpersonalities have been found to show different brain wave patterns

Which statement about the long-term effects of rape on women is MOST accurate?

Rape victims are significantly more likely to abuse alcohol or drugs.

Which statement is a qualified criminal justice professor MOST likely to say?

The crimes that juvenile boys and girls commit are different

How concerned should we be about victims of sexual assault and terror? Is there a very great risk that they will experience PTSD?

Yes, the risk is great; more than one-third of sexual assault victims and about half of terror victims experience PTSD.

Ever since Paul's car crash, during which he was miraculously unhurt, Paul has not been the same. He forgets appointments, friends' names, and even things done in the past few days. His amnesia is termed:

continuous

People who are unable to recall important information about themselves, especially of an upsetting nature, are MOST likely experiencing:

dissociative amnesia

Jake is lying in bed and suddenly feels as though he is floating above his body. This is called:

doubling

Shy and anxious children who have mild to moderate degrees of intellectual dysfunction, language impairments, and behavioral problems are MOST likely to be diagnosed with:

fragile X syndrome

Compared to the mental health professionals of the early twentieth century, today's mental health professionals:

give a lot more attention to the needs and problems of children

A child is openly hostile toward his parents. He argues with them constantly and will not do anything they say. They cannot control him. The diagnosis he is MOST likely to receive is:

oppositional defiant disorder

A child will not obey her mother. When threatened with punishment, she swears, throws things, and threatens to break everything in the house. Her outbreaks seem to be restricted to her parents, but she is almost completely unmanageable. This is an example of:

oppositional defiant disorder

When a child with autism spectrum disorder says, "You want a drink," when he really means that he wants a drink, he is displaying:

pronominal reversal.

A flash flood hits a small Appalachian community. Those providing a critical incident stress debriefing intervention would:

provide short-term counseling services

A client who has been talking calmly and rationally suddenly begins whining and complaining like a spoiled child. If that client suffers from true dissociative identity disorder, the client just experienced:

switching

If a deer jumps in front of your car while you are driving, the stress response that is initially activated is the:

sympathetic nervous system

Norepinephrine is to _____ as corticosteroid is to _____.

the sympathetic pathway; the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway

Your neighbor tells you that her seven-year-old needs to get help for conduct disorder. She asks you what would you recommend? Based on current research, which is the BEST answer?

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Why do some researchers believe dissociative identity disorder is culture-bound?

It is rare or nonexistent in certain countries

A child displays normal behavior and intelligence, but she does not seem to be able to explain her actions and intentions as well as you would expect. If the deficit is severe enough, she might be diagnosed with:

Language disorder

Which statement about rape is MOST accurate?

Most rape victims are younger than age 35

Which statement MOST accurately describes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway of the stress response?

The hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary to produce a stress hormone that causes the adrenal gland to release corticosteroids.

Jacquie developed PTSD after being held in captivity for years. She is upset by what she had to do to survive and perhaps even feels unworthy of surviving. This is an example of:

experiencing increased anger, anxiety, and guilt

Matt has an IQ of 65 and cannot do schoolwork. He lives on the streets, survives by begging, is usually dirty, and is always hungry. He would MOST likely be diagnosed with:

intellectual disability

Which statement BEST reflects current research about the biological causes of autism spectrum disorder?

There are probably multiple biological causes

If a child with autism spectrum disorder were being encouraged to engage in child-initiated interactions, the child would be:

asking about things that were of particular interest to him or her.

After a major earthquake, television coverage showed survivors shuffling confusedly through the ruined buildings. If such victims later could not remember the days immediately after the earthquake, the victims would be suffering from which type of amnesia?

localized amnesia

Behavioral and somatic symptoms, such as clinginess, sleep difficulties, and stomach pain, rather than cognitive symptoms are MORE characteristic of anxiety disorders in:

children rather than in adults

Which is the MOST accurate statement about the effectiveness of psychological debriefing in the aftermath of a disaster, based on research studies?

Debriefing can have a negative effect on some victims.

If someone asked you about the effectiveness of psychological debriefing following a disaster, you would be correct (based on the research) in saying that:

there is little evidence that debriefing works

A person who experiences which incident is at the GREATEST risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder?

witnessing a friend die from being shot point-blank

A similarity among children with separation anxiety and those with school refusal is that they both fear going to school and often stay home. The difference in the symptoms of the two diagnoses is that:

school refusal often involves fear of others at school, academic fears, and fears of objects at school.

Which statement is true regarding both children with mild and children with profound intellectual disability (ID)?

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While a child with autism spectrum disorder is laughing, he sees another child crying. When asked what the other child is feeling, the child with autism is MOST likely to say:

"happiness," because of mind-blindness

"No way am I sending my child through that program. I've heard horror stories about how kids act once they leave." Based on research, the person who said this would be accurate if expressing reservations about:

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A clinician has been noticing rising rates of conduct disorder in her city. What would be the LEAST effective treatment program?

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If you were trying to learn a new language and you could understand it better than you could speak it, you would be showing symptoms MOST like:

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The LEAST likely contributor to the differences between African Americans and non-Hispanic white Americans in receiving long-acting stimulant drug treatment for ADHD is:

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Transient depersonalization and derealization:

Can be induced by a life-threatening experience

Devonte does not follow what the teacher is doing and has difficulty focusing on the task at hand. His behavior in class is disruptive because he cannot sit still, which leads to poor grades in school. These symptoms MOST likely indicate:

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

A child with autism spectrum disorder points to a picture of a fork on a board rather than saying, "I want food." This child is using a(n):

augmentative communication system

If a person's mental functioning or body feels unreal or foreign, the person is MOST likely suffering from:

depersonalization

When a person feels that the external world is removed, mechanical, distorted, or even dead, he or she is experiencing:

derealization

Looking for rainbows while walking the dog in the rain is an example of a:

stress response

The statement, "This is awful, but I guess I can deal with it like I do everything else," represents one person's:

stress response