Bio 100 multiple-choice practice

Match the phylum to its characteristic: 1. Nematoda a. Segmented 2. Annelida b. Rounds, unsegmented 3. Platyhelminthes c. Flat unsegmented

1-b, 2-a, 3-c

A carbon-14 atom has ___ neutrons, ___ protons, and a mass number of ___. a. 8; 6; 14 b. 6; 8; 14 c. 7; 7; 14 d. 8; 6; 12

A

A hydrogen bond is distinct from ionic and covalent bonds in that it a. forms between adjacent molecules rather than within molecules. b. forms only between two hydrogen atoms. c. is considerably stronger than the other two types of bonds. d. occurs more commonly in lipids than in other types of molecules.

A

Because plants extract nutrients from soil and use sunlight as an energy source, they are considered to be a. autotrophs. b. consumers. c. heterotrophs. d. decomposers.

A

Fats can be broken down into acetyl CoA for use in the Krebs cycle. Fats can also a. be built from excess acetyl CoA for energy storage. b. function as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain. c. be broken down directly into ATP. d. be broken down directly into NADH.

A

How does ATP participate in coupled reactions? a. Hydrolysis of ATP fuels endergonic reactions. b. Synthesis of ATP fuels endergonic reactions. c. Hydrolysis of ADP fuels exergonic reactions. d. Synthesis of ADP fuels exergonic reactions.

A

How does an enzyme affect the energy of a reaction? a. The activation energy is lowered. b. The net energy released is lowered. c. The energy of the reactants is raised. d. The energy of the products is raised.

A

Identify the second-smallest structure in the following list: photosystem, chlorophyll, granum, thylakoid a. Photosystem b. Chlorophyll c. Granum d. Thylakoid

A

The evolution of photosynthesis resulted in a. an increase in the amount of O2 in the atmosphere. b. the initial appearance of heterotrophs. c. global warming. d. an increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.

A

Where in a eukaryotic cell does glycolysis occur? a. The cytoplasm b. The outer membrane of the mitochondria c. The inner membrane of the mitochondria d. The mitochondrial matrix

A

Which of the following organelles are associated with the job of cellular digestion? a. Lysosomes and peroxisomes b. Golgi apparatus and vesicles c. Nucleus and nucleolus d. Smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

Why is it important to regenerate NAD+ during fermentation? a. It helps maintain the reactions of glycolysis. b. So it can transfer an electron to the electron transport chain c. To maintain the concentration of pyruvate in a cell d. To produce alcohol or lactic acid for the cell

A

______ are monomers that form polymers called _______. a. Nucleotides; nucleic acids b. Amino acids; nucleic acids c. Monoglycerides; triglycerides d. Carbohydrates; monosaccharides

A

which statement is true a. A lipid is not soluble in water and carbohydrate b. A carbohydrate is used for energy and lipid are not too c. Carbohydrates can be stored in the body and lipids cannot too d. there are difference forms of lipids but only one type of carbohydrates

A

A concentration gradient is an example of a. oxidation-reduction. b. potential energy. c. entropy. d. usable heat energy.

B

A hydrophilic substance is one that can a. form covalent bonds with hydrogen. b. dissolve in water. c. buffer a solution. d. mix with nonpolar solvents.

B

A prokaryotic cell has each of these features except: a. DNA in a nucleoid region b. A nucleus (type of organelle) c. Ribosomes contain RNA - used to make protein d. A cell membrane

B

A scientist has just observed a new phenomenon and wonders how it happens. What is the next step in his or her discovery of the answer? a. Observe b. Hypothesize c. Experiment d. Peer review

B

How many proton, neutron, and Electron does Kryton have? a. 36p, 84n, 36e b. 36p, 48n, 36e c. 84p, 36n, 36e d. 36p, 36n, 48e

B

If you change the number of electron a. then the element changes b. the atom become changes c. the atomic weight changes d. the number of proton is changed

B

In an experiment to test the effect of temperature on the rate of bacterial reproduction, temperature would be the a. standardized variable. b. independent variable. c. dependent variable. d. control variable.

B

Photorespiration becomes more likely when a. CO2 concentrations are high in leaf cells. b. stomata remain closed in C3 plants. c. glucose concentrations are low in leaf cells. d. ATP binds to rubisco.

B

Photosynthesis is an example of an ________________________ chemical reaction because ________________________. a. exergonic; energy is released by the reaction center pigment b. endergonic; light energy is used to build chemical bonds c. exergonic; light energy is captured by pigment molecules d. endergonic; the reactions occur inside a cell

B

What is the correct way to write the scientific name for humans? a. Homo sapiens b. Homo sapiens c. Homo Sapiens d. homo sapiens

B

What is the role of ATP synthase? a. It uses ATP to make glucose. b. It uses a hydrogen ion gradient to make ATP. c. It uses ATP to make a hydrogen ion gradient. d. It synthesizes ATP directly from glucose.

B

Which of the following is required for aerobic respiration to occur? a. Light b. O2 c. CO2 d. H2O

B

Which of the following is the best example of potential energy in a cell? a. Cell division b. A molecule of glucose c. Movement of a flagellum d. Assembly of a cellulose fiber

B

Within a single cell, which of the following is physically the smallest? a. Nuclear envelope b. Phospholipid molecule c. Cell membrane d. Mitochondrion

B

what kind of bonding will occur when electron are shored between two atoms? a. ionic b. covalent c. joint d. hydrogen

B

which one of following is not a property of water? a. high surface tension b. can easily dissolve lipids c. can absorb heat and hold it for a relatively long period of time d. if less dense as a soid compared to it's liquid form.

B

Why must cell be small? or Why can't we be one big cell?

Because Surface Area to Volume ratio SA : VOL increase => Diffusion rate increase

A covalent bond forms when a. electrons are present in a valence shell. b. a valence electron is removed from one atom and added to another. c. a pair of valence electrons is shared between two atoms. d. the electronegativity of one atom is much greater than that of another atom.

C

Atom with opposite charge will a. Repel one another b. Form a covalent bond c. Form an ionic bond d. Share electrons

C

Can a theory be proven wrong? a. No, theories are exactly the same as facts. b. No, because there is no good way to test a theory. c. Yes, a new observation could disprove a theory. d. Yes, theories are exactly the same as hypotheses.

C

How many valence electrons does a neutral atom of magnesium have? a. 0 b. 6 c. 2 d. 8

C

In an exergonic reaction, a. energy is absorbed. b. the products have more energy than the reactants. c. entropy increases. d. All of the above are true.

C

Only high-energy light can penetrate the ocean and reach photosynthetic organisms in coral reefs. What color of light would you predict these organisms use? a. Red b. Yellow c. Blue d. Orange

C

Protein breakdown into a. Fat b. Sugar c. Amino acids d. All of the answer are correct

C

What is endosymbiosis? a. A type of fermentation b. The transport of pyruvate into the matrix of the mitochondria c. A possible explanation for the origin of mitochondria d. The movement of electrons along the electron transport chain

C

Where does the energy come from to drive photosynthesis? a. A chloroplast b. ATP c. The sun d. Glucose

C

Which molecule has the greatest amount of potential energy? a. Pyruvate b. Acetyl CoA c. Glucose d. CO2

C

Which of the following is NOT a feature found in all cells? a. Proteins b. Ribosomes c. Cell wall d. Cell membrane

C

Which of the following organelles does NOT contain DNA? a. Nucleus b. Chloroplast c. Rough endoplasmic reticulum d. Mitochondrion

C

Which two levels are farthest apart on the hierarchy of biological organization? a. Organism and population b. Ecosystem and biosphere c. Atom and cell d. Tissue and organ

C

A cell is at osmotic equilibrium with its environment. If you added salt to the surrounding solution, what would happen to the cell? a. There would be no change. b. It would swell and burst. c. It would exhibit turgor pressure. d. It would shrink.

D

A plant that opens its stomata only at night is a a. C2 plant. b. C3 plant. c. C4 plant. d. CAM plant.

D

All of the following are characteristics of life EXCEPT a. evolution. b. reproduction. c. homeostasis. d. multicellularity.

D

Evidence that mitochondria and chloroplast were once free living prokaryotic organism is: a. They have their own phospholipid bilayer membrane b. They have circular DNA in a nucleoid region c. They have small ribosomes d. All of the answer are correct

D

Evolution through natural selection will occur most rapidly for populations of plants that a. are already well adapted to the environment. b. live in an unchanging environment. c. are in the same genus. d. reproduce sexually and live in an unstable environment.

D

Glucose is a. A monomer b. A carbohydrate c. A sugar d. All of the answers are correct

D

Imagine that you turn on a space heater in a cold room. At first, the air is hottest near the heater, but the warmth eventually spreads throughout the room. This example illustrates a. facilitated diffusion. b. decreasing entropy. c. osmosis. d. simple diffusion.

D

One property that distinguishes cells in domain Bacteria from those in domain Eukarya is the presence of a. a cell wall. b. DNA. c. flagella. d. membranous organelles.

D

The light reactions and the carbon reactions are connected by the participation of which molecules? a. ATP and ADP b. NADPH and NADP c. Glucose d. Both a and b are correct.

D

The most diverse group of organisms on Earth are: a. Angiosperms b. Bacteria c. Protists d. Arthropods

D

What chemical property of phospholipids is key to the formation of the cell membrane? a. The positively charged nitrogen atom b. The covalent bond between the phosphate and the glycerol c. The kink in the fatty acid tail d. The hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails

D

Which of the following is the basic unit of life? a. Atom b. Molecule c. Organelle d. Cell

D

Which of the following statements about plasmodesmata is true? a. They prevent cytoplasm from passing between cells. b. They are important in the formation of tight junctions. c. They may float freely in the cytoplasm or be membrane-bound. d. They allow adjacent plant cells to communicate with each other.

D

Which of the following statements is false? a. Emergent properties are functions that arise from the interactions between an organism's parts. b. Two of the three domains contain prokaryotic organisms. c. In a double-blind experiment, neither the researcher nor the subjects know which subject is assigned to which treatment. d. For a scientific study to be considered valid, the researchers must conduct experiments.

D

Which stage in cellular respiration produces the most ATP? a. Glycolysis b. Pyruvate oxidation c. Krebs cycle d. Electron transport

D