BIO 101 Test 1
a: True
A buffer is a solution that maintain pH within a very narrow limits. a: True b: False
b.Protein
A molecule composed of amino acids is a a.Nucleotide b.Protein c.Carbohydrate d.Lipid
a: True
Oxygen atom has a greater electron power than hydrogen. a: True b: False
a.A disaccharide
Sucrose or table sugar is a.A disaccharide b.A fatty acid c.A nucleotide d.A polysaccharide
c.three
The outer electron shell of a nitrogen atom can hold up to eight electrons, but contains only five. As aresult, nitrogen can form _____ covalent bonds. a.zero b.one c.three d.eight
c.atom
The smallest unit of a chemical element that displays the properties of that element is a (n) a.amino acid b.molecule c.atom d.bond
A) carbohydrates
Which macronutrient is the major source of energy for cell processes? A) carbohydrates B) proteins C) fats D) water
c.Carbohydrate
A molecule with the general formula of CH2O is a(n) a.Nucleic acid b.Protein c.Carbohydrate d.Amino acid
d.a positive
A proton has _________ charge. a.no b.a neutral c.a negative d.a positive
a.acidic
A solution with a pH of 3 is a.acidic b.nonpolar c.basic. d.neutral.
d.Peptide bond
Amino acids are linked with each other by a.A hydrogen bond b.Non-covalent bond c.Ionic bond d.Peptide bond
a: True
An atom is in its most stable state when all its electron shells are filled to capacity. a: True b: False
a: True
Chemical reactions rearrange atoms but do not create or destroy them. a: True b: False
c.2
How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Adenine and Thymine a.0 b.1 c.2 d.3
C) The bilayer is differentially permeable
How would the permeability of the phospholipid bilayer of plasma membranes be described? A) The bilayer is always impermeable to small molecules. B) The bilayer is always permeable to charged atoms and molecules. C) The bilayer is differentially permeable D) The bilayer is impermeable to all atoms and molecules.
C) coenzymes
If vitamins help molecules reduce the activation energy for necessary chemical reactions, what is their role within the cell? A) minerals B) leptin C) coenzymes D) enzymatic inhibitors
a.Are the building blocks of nucleic acids
Nucleotides a.Are the building blocks of nucleic acids b.Are the building blocks of proteins c.Form physical structure such as hair d.Are involved in every chemical reaction in the cell
a.one
The figure below shows two hydrogen atoms.How many covalent bonds will form between these two atoms? a.one b.two c.three d.none, these atoms will form an ionic bond.
A) carbohydrates
To which category of nutrients does table sugar (sucrose) belong? A) carbohydrates B) proteins C) fats D) minerals
a.They make their own energy
What characteristic is not shared by all living organisms? a.They make their own energy b.They grow and develop c.They evolve through time d.They are composed of one or more cells.
C) to decrease damage done to cells by free radicals
What is a function of antioxidants? A) to prevent muscle cramps and weakness B) to improve skin tone and fight acne C) to decrease damage done to cells by free radicals D) to allow the cell to maintain water balance
D) Unsaturated fats contain carbon-to-carbon double bonds, but saturated fats don't.
What is a major difference between saturated and unsaturated fats? A) At room temperature, saturated fats are liquid and unsaturated fats are solid. B) Unsaturated fats have a flat molecular structure, but saturated fats are kinked. C) Saturated fat molecules are packed together loosely, but unsaturated fats are tightly packed. D) Unsaturated fats contain carbon-to-carbon double bonds, but saturated fats don't.
C) the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is diffusion? A) one type of active transport B) the movement of water across a cell membrane C) the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration D) the movement of molecules across a membrane, assisted by proteins embedded in the membrane
c.Cohesion
What property of water transports a continuous column of water from plant roots to the leaves a.Fluidity b.High boiling point cohesion c.Cohesion d.Solubility
C) in the matrix of the mitochondria
Where do the reactions of cellular respiration occur? A) in the nucleolus of the nucleus B) in the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum C) in the matrix of the mitochondria D) in the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane
D) a double layer of lipids with proteins embedded in it
Which components form the structure of the plasma membrane? A) a single layer of proteins B) a single layer of lipids with proteins embedded in it C) a double layer of proteins D) a double layer of lipids with proteins embedded in it
D) an ion moving against a concentration gradient
Which molecule, when moving across a plasma membrane, would require the most ATP to be used? A) a water molecule B) a simple sugar, such as glucose C) a dissolved gas, such as carbon dioxide D) an ion moving against a concentration gradient
e.Na
Which of the following atom is not part of nucleic acids a.C b.H c.O d.N e.Na
D) vitamin C
Which of the following is a micronutrient? A) water B) carbohydrate C) protein D) vitamin C
d.Acids
Which of the following is not a biological macromolecule a.Carbohydrates b.Proteins c.Lipids d.Acids
C) lysosome
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that degrade a variety of macromolecules? A) chloroplast B) endoplasmic reticulum C) lysosome D) mitochondrion
B) endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle is a network of membranes involved in the production of proteins? A) chloroplast B) endoplasmic reticulum C) lysosome D) nucleus
D) hydrogenation
Which process does not involve molecules moving across cell membranes? A) osmosis B) facilitated diffusion C) active transport D) hydrogenation
B) passive transport
Which process involves the movement of molecules or atoms down a concentration gradient across plasma membranes? A) active transport B) passive transport C) exocytosis D) endocytosis
b.Contains ribosome
Which statement about DNA is not true a.Contains biological information b.Contains ribosome c.Contains A, T, C, and G d.Is double stranded
