BIO 111 Chapter 1 & 2 Review

Burning of fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Approximately what proportion of this CO2 remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trapping of heat close to the Earth's surface?

50%

Based on the periodic table shown here, which elements will most likely form a covalent bond?

H & H

The gecko can climb smooth walls due to one type of bond or interaction, while a spider can walk on water due to a different kind. Identify each type of bond.

van der Waals, hydrogen bond

A group of different elements arranged in a set ratio is referred as a(an)

A compound

Which of the following is an activity that would not reflect the practice of science? A.Science is typically performed alone in the lab. B.Data are typically collected by teams of students and experienced researchers. C.Scientists typically reexamine conclusions or repeat experiments from other large, famous labs. D.Scientists who work in forests studying ecology often collaborate closely with geneticists who work only in the lab. E.The practice of science results in a discovery that lends new insight, and technology involves how this new insight will be applied to develop a new drug.

A. Science is typically preformed alone in the lab

Temperatures depend on local geographic conditions. Why is the temperature much cooler in Los Angeles than in San Bernardino? A.The cool ocean water buffers temperatures by cooling winds moving inland. B.The high specific heat of water helps keep ocean water cooler than land. C.Los Angeles is closer to the ocean than San Bernardino. D.A and B E.A-C

E. A-C

Which is a compound? A.gold B.nitrogen C.carbon D.phosphorus E.none of the above

E. none of the above

The idea that form and function are related is not exemplified by which of the following examples?A.Cells in the intestinal lining of vertebrates have many small projections that increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients. B.Plants that live in dry areas have large roots for absorbing water. C.Seeds that are dispersed by wind are very light .D.Fish that swim rapidly have bodies that are streamlined. E.none of the above

E.none of the above

Water has an unusually high specific heat. This is directly related to which of the following?

More heat is required to raise the temperature of water.

Based on the periodic table shown here, which elements will most likely form an ionic bond?

Na & Cl

Competition is central to the theory of natural selection. Why does competition occur?

Organisms typically produce too many offspring and resources are limited.

Which of the following kingdoms comprises mostly unicellular eukaryotes?

Protista

Like jackrabbits, elephants have many blood vessels in their ears that help them cool their bodies by radiating heat. Which of the following statements about this radiated energy is accurate?

The original source of the energy was the sun.

All of the organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem are known as

a biological community

A group of organisms of a species living together in an environment is referred to as

a population

Which of the following types of cells lack a nucleus?

archaea

Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large-scale to smaller scale?

biosphere → ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms

The actions of an organism are based on _____ activities.

cell

Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example, plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight to

chemical energy

Which properties of water are most important for the movement of water up the tree?

cohesion and adhesion

If you see radioactive isotopes in a laboratory that deals with biological samples, what could you be sureis not the reason for their presence?

disinfecting wounds

All of the living things in a particular area along with all of the nonliving aspects of the environment with which organisms interact is known as

ecosystem

Which taxonomic domain includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms?

eukarya

Wood ants shoot ________________ as their defense mechanism:

formic acid

The entire set of genetic information in a cell or an organism is referred as a

genome

Water becomes less dense when it freezes due to

hydrogen bonds

Water has special properties, including high cohesion, high surface tension, and the ability to absorb large amounts of heat. What kind of bond between water molecules gives water these special properties?

hydrogen bonds

You are asked whether a sample came from a living thing. Chemical analysis shows that it consists mostly of calcium and sulfur, so you say that

it did not, since living things contain more carbon and oxygen than most other elements.

The primary source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is

light energy

Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an ecosystem from entry to exit?

light → chemical → heat

If you were a fish in Minnesota, for which property of water would you be most grateful?

low density when frozen

Imagine that you are examining the structure of an extraterrestrial organism's cells. You separate various components, finding one that mixes poorly with water. This is probably from the organism's

membranes

What is the correct order (from small to large) in a living cell or an organism?

molecules, organism, population, communities, biosphere

Membrane-enclosed components of cells that carry out specialized functions are

organelles

Complete the analogy: covalent bonds are to ionic bonds as a wooden board is to

paper

All of the individuals of the same species living within a specified area is known as a

population

If you observed an extraterrestrial organism that was mostly composed of water, and you saw that it gradually lost water during warmer weather, you would guess that the function of the water loss was to

reduce temperature

What do elements with atomic numbers 6, 14, and 22 have in common?

same valence and will form the same number of covalent bonds

All of the living things on Earth along with all of the places where life exists is known as

the biosphere