BIO 1114- Ch 5 - Photosynthesis

Select all of the ways that photosynthesis is critical to life on Earth. Multiple select question. produces oxygen essential to many forms of life provides food for heterotrophs that eat photosynthesizers provides the carbon dioxide used by almost all organisms uses atmospheric CO2 to make carbohydrates provides food for photosynthesizers

1, 2, 4, 5

Select all of the following that are typically or always heterotrophs. Multiple select question. fungi algae plants animals

1, 4

Select all of the molecules that are reactants of photosynthesis. Multiple select question. carbon dioxide (CO2) oxygen (O2) glucose (C6H12O6) nitrogen gas (N2) water (H2O)

1, 5

What are the products of the light reactions? Select all that apply. Check All That Apply ATP glucose chlorophyll photons of light NADPH

1, 5

Select all the components of a photosystem. Multiple select question. proteins accessory pigments chlorophyll pigments a reaction center chlorophyll stomata and guard cells

1-4

Reactants and products of photosynthesis Categorize labels as reactants or products of photosynthesis. Some labels are neither reactants nor products and therefore should not be used.

1. Reactants: Carbon Dioxide Water 2. Products: Glucose Oxygen Water Explanation: Photosynthesis occur when green plants takes in Water (H2O) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) as reactants and uses light energy trapped by chlorophyll to yield Glucose (C6H12O6) and Oxygen (O2) and Water (H2O) as products. Photosynthesis can be represented using a chemical equation: 6CO2 + 12H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 3. Neither Chlorophyll Nitrate Explanation: Although, Chlorophyll and Nitrate can not be considered as a reactant or product in photosynthesis reaction, they play a critical role in the process. Chlorophyll is a photoreceptor which allows plants to absorb energy from sunlight and transfer this energy in the reaction center of the photosystems, so it acts as a catalyst in the photosynthesis reaction. Plants absorb the nitrogen from the soil predominantly in the form of nitrate and nitrogen is an essential component of chlorophyll, which is necessary for the process of photosynthesis.

What is produced in the light reactions that is used in the carbon reactions of photosynthesis? Select one: a.ATP and NADPH b.ADP and NADP+ c.carbon dioxide and oxygen d.water and glucose e.oxygen and glucose

D

The reactions of photosynthesis are summarized as a.No answer is correct. b.6CO + 6H2O C6H12O6+ 6O2. c.12CO2+ 6H2O C12H12O6+ 6H2O. d.6CO + 6H2O C6H12O6+ 6H2O. e.6CO2+ 6H2O C6H12O6+ 6O2.

E

Green and yellow wavelengths of light are used to power photosynthesis. Select one: True False

F

If oxygen could be traced, the oxygen in the water in a leaf would end up in carbohydrates after photosynthesis. Select one: True False

F

Most biologists agree that the light reactions are less important than the carbon reactions. Select one: True False

F

How does the plant use the glucose it produces in the carbon reactions? Select all that apply. Check All That ApplyThe plant combines glucose molecules into glycogen.The plant combines glucose molecules into glycogen.The plant stores glucose molecules as polysaccharides.The plant stores glucose molecules as polysaccharides.The plant breaks down the glucose for energy.The plant breaks down the glucose for energy.The plant shuttles the glucose to the thylakoids, providing energy to fuel the light reactions.The plant shuttles the glucose to the thylakoids, providing energy to fuel the light reactions.The plant uses the glucose to produce structural polysaccharides.The plant uses the glucose to produce structural polysaccharides.

Plants produce glucose by a process called photosythesis. They produce a large quantity of glucose as they are well adapted for storage. The glucose synthesised by the plants has different fates depending on the need of the cell. If the cell is actively working then it requires lot of energy. So, the plant breaks down glucose for energy. If there is no energy requirement then the plant stores glucose molecules as polysaccharides like starch. In actively dividing cells, the plant uses the glucose to produce structural polysaccharides.

Stomata are tiny openings in plant ______ that allow for gas exchange. Multiple choice question. leaves grana photosystems cells

a

The energized electrons from photosystem I are passed to the rest of the electron transport chain and used to produce Multiple choice question. NADPH. O2. CO2. ATP.

a

What part of a plant cell captures light energy? Multiple choice question. pigment molecules cellulose in the cell wall water molecules ATP synthase

a

A grouping of photosynthetic pigments and associated proteins is called a ______, which is embedded in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. Multiple choice question. central vacuole photosystem stoma granum

b

Chlorophyll b and carotenoids are examples of Multiple choice question. carbohydrates synthesized from glucose subunits. accessory pigments. electromagnetic radiation. organelles that contain photosystems.

b

In the carbon reactions of photosynthesis, carbon from ______ is used to produce sugar molecules using energy from ATP and electrons from NADPH. Multiple choice question. glucose carbon dioxide NAD+ oxygen gas

b

In the light reactions of photosynthesis, what drives the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase? Multiple choice question. the binding of oxygen to rubisco a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane the transfer of a phosphate group from NADP+ to NADPH the donation of H+ to O2 to form water

b

In the overall reaction of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water molecules are converted into oxygen gas and ______, which the plant uses for food. Multiple choice question. rubisco glucose iron cholesterol

b

Photosynthesis produces what two substances that are essential to most of Earth's organisms? Multiple choice question. oxygen and water oxygen and glucose carbon dioxide and oxygen glucose and water

b

Photosynthetic pigments other than chlorophyll a are called ______ pigments. Multiple choice question. retinal accessory gamma light-independent

b

In plants, stomata in the epidermis of leaves and stems allow for Multiple choice question. the absorption of photons of light. absorption of water from the soil. gas exchange with the atmosphere. the release of glucose and other carbohydrates.

c

In what organelles does photosynthesis take place in a eukaryotic cell? Multiple choice question. Mitochondria Nuclei Chloroplasts Ribosomes

c

What type of organism has the ability to produce organic compounds from inorganic substances? Multiple choice question. Consumer Heterotroph Autotroph Fungus

c

Within a photosystem, pigment molecules funnel photon energy to a special chlorophyll a molecule called the Multiple choice question. photon center. antenna center. reaction center. production center.

c

In plants, molecules called pigments are able to capture ______ for photosynthesis. water NADPH carbon dioxide light energy

d

In the Calvin cycle, ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide into Multiple choice question. lipids. nucleic acids. amino acids and proteins. glucose and other sugars.

d

Inside a chloroplast, the ______ are pancake-shaped membranes studded with photosynthetic pigments. Multiple choice question. Golgi stroma stomata thylakoids

d

The carbon reactions of photosynthesis, also called the ______, reduce CO2 and result in the production of sugar molecules. Multiple choice question. light-dependent reactions Krebs cycle photosynthetic electron transport chain Calvin cycle

d

The light reactions occur in the Multiple choice question. stomata. stroma. mitochondrial matrix. thylakoid membranes.

d

What is produced in the light reactions and provides energy and reducing power for the carbon reactions? Multiple choice question. ATP and CO2 carbon dioxide and glucose NADH and FADH2 ATP and NADPH

d

A group of proteins in the thylakoid membrane that shuttles electrons between the proteins and other carriers is called a(n) _______ ________chain.

electron transport

In a metabolic process called _________, plants, algae, and some types of bacteria convert solar energy into chemical energy, such as glucose.

photosynthesis

In a photosystem, antenna pigments capture photon energy and funnel it to the ________ center, which consists of a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules.

reaction

What organisms conduct photosynthesis? Select all that apply. Check All That Apply many types of bacteria algae fungi terrestrial animals plants

1, 2, 5

Select all of the following that are true about photosynthesis. Multiple select question. Glucose is oxidized. Photosynthesis is a reaction that results in a net production of energy. Carbon dioxide is reduced. Electrons are removed from the oxygen atoms in water. Water is reduced. Photosynthesis is a reaction that requires energy.

3, 4, 6

The main product of the carbon reactions is a.a carbohydrate. b.carbon dioxide. c.NADPH. d.oxygen. e.ATP.

A

The product of photosystem I is Select one: a.NADPH. b.ATP. c.glucose. d.water. e.NADH.

A

The Calvin cycle cannot proceed without the molecules ________ and _______, which are produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis.

ATP; NADPH

In photosynthesis, the carbon in CO2 is _____ to form glucose. a.energized b.reduced c.broken down d.respired e.oxidized

B

In photosynthesis, the oxygen atoms in H2O are a.reformed into other elements. b.oxidized. c.reduced. d.energized. e.broken down.

B

The main product of the carbon reactions is a.a carbohydrate. b.carbon dioxide. c.NADPH. d.oxygen. e.ATP.

D

The main product of photosynthesis used by plants for food is a.sunlight. b.oxygen. c.chlorophyll. d.carbohydrate. e.carbon dioxide.

E

______ are organisms that obtain carbon by consuming preexisting organic molecules.

Heterotrophs

Plants need water to fill their cells and to perform the light reactions. Select one: True False

T

In the light reactions of photosynthesis, ______ is synthesized using the energy from a proton gradient and the enzyme complex ATP synthase. Multiple choice question. ATP NADPH oxygen glucose

a

In the light reactions, pigment molecules in photosystems capture photons of light, and energy from light becomes stored as potential energy in ______. Multiple choice question. ATP and NADPH NADH and FADH2 oxygen and glucose ATP and glucose

a

Photosynthesis is considered an oxidation-reduction process because Multiple choice question. electrons are transferred between molecules. oxygen is a reactant. it reduces the amount of available energy in the biosphere.

a

Plants conduct gas exchange in photosynthesis by bringing in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through openings called Multiple choice question. stomata. trichomes. petioles. plasmids.

a

The green, photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria is called Multiple choice question. chlorophyll a. bacteriorhodopsin. cytochrome c. phycobilin.

a

The openings in the epidermis of a leaf or stem for gas exchange are called ______. Multiple choice question. stomata mitochondria thylakoids veins

a

What is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment in plant cells? Multiple choice question. Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Xanthophylls Carotenes

a

Plants, algae, and some microorganisms use energy from the sun to make glucose and other carbohydrate molecules in a process called Multiple choice question. germination. photosynthesis. cellular respiration. acellular respiration.

b

The image shows the cells in a cross-section of a leaf. What type of photosynthetic cells fill most of the interior of a leaf and are indicated by the letter 'A' in the picture? Multiple choice question. endodermis cells mesophyll cells cortex cells periderm cells

b

Within the chloroplast, the gelatinous fluid containing DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes is called the Multiple choice question. nucleoplasm. stroma. plasma. matrix.

b

Electromagnetic radiation consists of discrete packets of kinetic energy called ______, which are characterized by a certain wavelength and energy level. Multiple choice question. ions isotopes photons chloroplasts

c

Electron transport chains release ______ through shuttling of electrons in the reactions of photosynthesis. Multiple choice question. photons carbon dioxide energy RuBP

c

The carbon reactions of photosynthesis occur in the ______, which is the fluid interior of chloroplasts. thylakoids nucleoplasm stroma cytoplasm

c

In plants and algae, photosynthesis takes place in organelles called ________ , which contain thylakoid membranes embedded with the pigment chlorophyll.

chloroplast

In plants and algae, photosynthesis takes place in organelles called ________, which contain thylakoid membranes embedded with the pigment chlorophyll.

chloroplasts

Light energy that is captured in photosynthesis is converted to ______ energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules. Multiple choice question. kinetic sound solar potential

d

The carbon reactions of photosynthesis occur in the ______, which is the fluid interior of chloroplasts. Multiple choice question. thylakoids nucleoplasm cytoplasm stroma

d

The second stage of photosynthesis is called the ______ reactions, which use ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide to sugar molecules. Multiple choice question. light-dependent light electron transport chain carbon

d

Within a plant leaf, most photosynthesis occurs in cells called ______ cells, which are often interspersed with air spaces to maximize gas exchange. Multiple choice question. sclerenchyma epidermal xylem mesophyll

d

Light consists of ________, which are discrete packets of kinetic energy.

photons