Bio 13.3 questions

Describe the 2 main types of mutations.

Gene mutations produce chains in a single gene. Chromosomal Mutations produce changes in whole chromosomes.

The effects of a mutation are not always visible. Choose a species, and explain how a biologist might determine whether a mutation has occurred and, if so, what type of mutation it is.

If mutation is neutral there is no real way to find it out without looking on the DNA code. When mutation is harmful changes in organism's behavior can be easily spotted and when mutation is beneficial it can be noticed because organism will be more resistible than it usually is.

What is the significance of mutations to living things?

Mutations can be harmful and cause diseases such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease, but they are also the source of genetic variability and can be beneficial.

List three effects mutations can have on genes.

The effects of mutations on genes vary widely. Some have little or no effect; and some produce beneficial variations. Some negatively disrupt gene function

What is a frameshift mutation? Give an example.

Two kinds of frameshift mutations are insertion and deletion. Insertion is when a nucleotide is added, deletion is where a nucleotide is deleted.