BIO 141 Chapters 7 & 12 Review Questions

There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of a rhinoceros and eat the blood-sucking ticks out of the rhino's ears. The bird-tick relationship is an example of _______________. A. predator-prey B. mutualism C. commensalism D. parasitism

A

What is the name of the theoretical maximum rate of population growth? A. exponential B. speculative C. logistic D. factorial

A

What is the smallest unit that can evolve? A. population B. cell C. individual D. community

A

____________ selection favors organisms that have character values at one extreme of the phenotypic distribuation. A. directional B. intermittent C. stabilizing D. distruptive

A

A sudden natural catastrophe resulting in massive die-offs would be categorized as a density ____________ limiting factor A. autonomous B. independent C. dependent D. reliant

B

Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor? A. Energy B. Temperature C. Bacteria D. Nutrients

C

Which of the following is the best way to distinguish male from female? A. Males are larger B. Males are more aggressive C. Males produce motile gametes D. Males are more brightly colored

C

Assume that you carry an allele, R, that causes you to help individuals to whom you are not related. This help increases their fitness and decreases yours. The frequency of allele R may still increase in the population: A. if you and your relatives share this allele B. if individuals you help are likely to return the favor and help you at some point in the future C. if the decrease in fitness to you is significantly greater than the increase in fitness to the recipient of your help. D. Under these circumstances, the frequency of the allele R cannot increase in this population.

B

Despite an abundance of habitat, why will it be difficult for the human species to recover? A. Modern humans lack the ingenuity needed to survive without an extended social network B. The reduced genetic diversity will make it difficult for the new population to adapt to new diseases or other environmental changes C. The founder effect will slowly kill off the survivors in a small population D. Related humans are not able to reproduce

B

From an evolutionary perspective, behavior can be viewed best as: A. not subject to the normal evolutionary process because it involves a neurological system. B. a trait that can satisfy the three conditions required for evolution by natural selection C. something that is too complex to arise through natural selection D. None of the above is correct

B

Which theorem states that no two species competing for the exact same resources can coexist? A. Dominance species principle B. Competitive exclusion principle C. Complex community network principle D. Resource partitioning principle

B

Sexual dimorphism refers to: A. sexually reproducing species in which females are larger than males B. sexually reproducing species in which males are larger than females C. the situation in which males and females have identical genitalia D. the situation in which males and females differ physically and/or behaviorally

D

The processes of chemical cycling would be studied mainly by _________________. A. a community ecologist B. a population ecologist C. an environmentalist D. an ecosystem ecologist

D

Why or why is it not accurate to say that individuals evolve? A. It is not accurate because the evolution of one individual would not affect the entire species. B. It is accurate because they are the ones that mechanisms of evolution act upon. C. It is not accurate because individuals do not change over time in a way that can be passed on to the next generation. D. It is accurate because they are the smallest unit of the hierarchical order that changes over time.

c

"Ecology" is best defined as the study of ______________. A. the relationship between parasites and their hosts B. interactions between predator and prey populations C. the interactions between living organisms and their environments D. plant succession

C

An age pyramid with a broad base that quickly slopes up to a narrow top would be indicative of ______________. A. a population with a low death rate in the pre-childbearing years of life B. a population with a high average age C. a developing nation D. an industrialized nation

C

An ecosystem is a collection of all the _____________ in a given area. A. plants and climate B. plants and animals C. living and nonliving things D. abiotic factors

C

In many ways a mule is a superior animal to the horse or donkey. They are ofter stronger and can jump higher than either of their parents. Why then are they considered to be a "week hybrid"? A. Their offspring are progressively weaker B. They are more prone to disease C. They are sterile D. They do not live as long

C

There have been several mass extinctions in the planet's history, but the current mass extinction is different. What is causing the current mass extinction? A. solar flares B. climate change C. man's direct activities D. rising sea levels

C

What is the original source of variation? A. gene flow B. genetic drift C. mutation D. natural selection

C