BIO 277 irat 8

insulin release,stimulated by ______in blood glucose levels,normally prevents_____glycemia

an increase,hyperglycemia

parasympathetic neurons or the smell of food can activate the_______ phase of digestion, leading to_____ gastric secretions.

cephalic phase; increased

Diarrhea can be caused by:

ingestion of solutes that cannot be absorbed

intake of nutrients leads to the secretion of________ and results in ____State.

insulin;anabolic

the endocrine cells of the pancreas secrete______into the_____

insulin;blood

an increase in_____ secretion can lead to "muscle wasting" due to proteoylsis a _____ state.

cortisol; catabolic

ingestion of solute that cannot be absorbed such as olestra or lycasin would likely_____ the amount of water absorbed into the intestinal cells thus causing

decrease; diarrhea

glucagon release, stimulated by_____ in blood glucose levels,normally prevetn ____glycemia

decrease; hypoglycemia

ghrelin is secreted in response to______and______appetite

decreased gastric stretch; increases

the greatest percentage of water absorption occurs in the______.

duodenum

the greatest percentage of water reabsorption occurs in the_______

duodenum

gluconeogensis occurs during the_____state under the influnce of_______

fasted;cortisol

_____, the products of digestion by lipase are absorbed into intestinal cells by_______

fatty acids; simple diffusion

during the fasted state, glucose is mainly use in the process of___,primarly influenced by_____.

gluconeogensis;glucagon

which of the following enters epithelial cells of the small intestine by secondary active transport and exits by facilitated diffusion

glucose and amino acids

starch is converted to____by_____

glucose by amylase

_______ neurons or the smell of food can activate the cephalic phase of digestion,leading to ____ gastric secretion

parasympathetic; increaed

______ cells in the stomach release hydrochloric acid which converts_____to______.

parietal;pepsin and pepsinogen

Glucose is absorbed into intestinal cells by_______ and exits those cells toward blood by_______.

secondary active transport and facilitated diffusion

beta cells of the pancreas have receptors for____ which produce____ when stimulated,causing a decrease in levels of blood glucose

GIP; insulin