Bio 3 Ch. 6

If an organism runs photosynthesis for its main form of energy, the removal of what substrate would limit its growth? A. 6H2O B. C6H12O6 C. 6O2 D. 6CO

6H2O

Which substrate is missing: 6CO2 + ______ + energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2 ? A. 6H2O B. 4H2O C. 4O2 D. glucose

6H2O

ATP is considered to be A. an enzyme used widely in all kinds of cells. B. a coenzyme used to inhibit or activate different enzymes. C. a molecule that carries a great deal of chemical energy in a chemical bond. D. the precursor of a high-energy membrane-bounded protein

A molecule that carries a great deal of chemical energy in a chemical bond

Which of the following is NOT a form of potential energy? A. food B. water in a dam C. a muscle contracting D. All of the choices are not potential energy.

A muscle contracting

A coenzyme is A. an ionic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. B. a protein cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. C. a nonprotein organic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work. D. an ionic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it. E. a protein cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it.

A nonprotein organic cofactor that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work

__________ represents the first reactant of this metabolic pathway and ________ represents the endproduct (s) of the pathway? A - B - C - D --> E --> F A. A; E B. B; E and F C. A; E and F D. A and B; D and E

A; E and F

The subunits from which ATP is made are A. ADP and phosphate. B. FAD and NAD + . C. FAD and NADPH. D. ADP and FAD. E. ADP and NAD

ADP and phosphate

Of the following, which process will not denature a protein? A. heating to temperatures above 100 C B. addition of strong acids or strong bases C. phosphorylation D. addition of distilled water

Addition of distilled water

Which of the following is an example of potential energy? A. a snickers bar B. an apple growing on a tree C. a glass of milk D. all are examples of potential energy

All are examples of potential energy

Energy coupling of endergonic and exergonic reactions within cells A. permits biological reactions to proceed at temperatures consistent with life. B. uses heat released by one reaction to fuel the other reaction. C. utilizes ATP to carry energy between the exergonic and endergonic reactions. D. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct

During the conversion of glucose into a free form of energy only a small percentage is converted into useable ATP. What is the rest of the energy converted into? A. heat B. CO2 C. H2O D. CO

Heat

Which form of energy is NOT correctly associated with the related example? A. kinetic energy: fat molecules B. kinetic energy: movement of muscles C. chemical energy: glucose D. potential energy: water held behind a dam E. potential energy: ATP

Kinetic energy: fat molecules

The sum of the chemical reaction in a cell constitute A. coupling reactions. B. free energy. C. endergonic reactions only. D. exergonic reactions only. E. metabolism.

Metabolism

2. In this reaction, the reactant (s) are _____________ and the coenzyme NAD is ____________. A. reduced; oxidized B. oxidized; oxidized C. reduced; reduced D. oxidized; reduced

Oxidized (lost electrons); reduced (gained electrons)

While we are sitting down to lunch we are consuming _______ energy which will then be converted into ______ energy as we work until dinner time. A. potential, kinetic B. kinetic, potential C. kinetic, free D. potential, stored

Potential, kinetic

Which of these statements is NOT a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics? A. While the total amount of energy is unchanged, the energy lost as heat is no longer useful to the cell in doing work. B. Reactions that occur spontaneously are those that increase the amount of useful energy in a system. C. The amount of disorder in the universe is always increasing. D. To maintain organization of a cell, a continual input of energy is required.

Reactions that occur spontaneously are those that increase the amount of useful energy in a system

The activity of an enzyme might be increased by all of the following except ________. A. increase in substrate concentration B. a vitamin C. a 2-4 degree increase in temperature D. the presence of lead

The presence of lead

Which statement is NOT true about enzyme inhibition? A. In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the active site of the enzyme. B. In noncompetitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the allosteric site of the substrate. C. In irreversible inhibition, a poison binds to the enzyme so that it can never work again. D. Most inhibitors act in a reversible fashion. E. All of the statements are true.

All of the statements are true

Which statement is NOT true about how various conditions will effect the activity of an enzyme? A. Higher temperatures generally increase the activity of an enzyme up to a point. B. Above a certain range of temperatures, the protein of an enzyme is denatured. C. A change in pH can cause an enzyme to be inactivated. D. An enzyme's activity is generally reduced by an increase in substrate concentration. E. When sufficient substrate is available, the active site will nearly always be occupied.

An enzyme's activity is generally reduced by an increase in substrate concentration

Analyze the graph. Label the following. A. The energy of activation of the reaction with an enzyme. Yellow Line B. The energy of activation of the reaction without an enzyme. Blue Line C. The energy of the reactants. Before the peak D. The energy of the products. After the peak

Answer

Which statement describes the currently accepted theory of how an enzyme and its substrate fit together? A. As the product is released, the enzyme breaks down. B. The enzyme is like a key that fits into the substrate, which is like a lock. C. The active site is permanently changed by its interaction with the substrate. D. As the substrate binds to the enzyme, the shape of the active site changes to accommodate the reaction

As the substrate binds to the enzyme, the shape of the active site changes to accommodate the reaction

Endergonic reactions A. release energy. B. have a negative ∆G and occur spontaneously. C. can only occur if there is an input of energy. D. have products with less free energy than the reactants. E. All of the choices are correct.

Can only occur if there is an input of energy

Which best describes the first law of thermodynamics? A. Energy is changed from one form to another with a loss of usable energy. B. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. C. Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. D. Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs. E. Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another.

Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another

The metabolic pathway at right involves how many possible chemical reactions? A - B - C - D --> E --> F A. five B. six C. one D. three

Five

What are the end products of photosynthesis? A. glucose and oxygen B. glucose and ATP C. carbon dioxide and energy D. carbon dioxide and water

Glucose and oxygen

Which of the following substrates are required to run cellular respiration? A. glucose and oxygen B. glucose and carbon dioxide C. sunlight and oxygen D. energy and glucose

Glucose and oxygen

Which organelles contain functioning ATP synthetase complexes in their membranes? A. golgi complexes and lysosomes B. mitochondria and chloroplasts C. endoplasmic reticulum and vesicles D. vacuoles and vesicles E. mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi complexes and lysosomes

Which best describes the second law of thermodynamics? A. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. B. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. C. Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. D. Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs. E. Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another

Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs

ATP is considered a high-energy compound because under cellular conditions, 7.3 kcal per mole of energy is released when a bond is broken between A. the base adenine and the sugar ribose. B. the adenosine and the phosphate groups. C. the base adenine and the phosphate groups. D. the adenosine diphosphate and the third phosphate. E. All of the bonds release energy as ATP is completely broken down.

The adenosine diphosphate and the third phosphate

A living organism represents stored energy in the form of chemical compounds. When an organism dies, what happens to this stored energy? A. All chemicals immediately lose their high-energy bonds. B. All molecules immediately degrade into basic elements. C. All energy immediately leaves, and that is one manifestation that the organism is dead. D. The chemical compounds in cells lose their organization over time because there is no longer an input of energy to maintain the organized state. E. The chemical compounds remain exactly intact and ready to start up again unless digested by a consumer or decay organism

The chemical compounds in cells lose their organization over time because there is no longer an input of energy to maintain the organized state

Coupling occurs when the energy released by an exergonic reaction is A. used to drive another exergonic reaction. B. used to drive an endergonic reaction. C. lost as nonusable heat to the environment. D. used to decrease the entropy of the universe. E. All of the choices are correct.

Used to drive an endergonic reaction