Bio ch. 6

Which of the following correctly compares the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells to cell walls of plant cells? Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates. Cell walls and ECMs provide for tight contact between adjacent cells. The ECM and plant cell walls completely cover the plasma membrane of their respective cells. The structures that are external to the plasma membrane are essentially independent of the plasma membrane in both groups. Both the ECM and plant cell walls provide rigid structures that determine the shape of their respective cells.

Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates.

Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true? Mitochondria but not chloroplasts contain a small amount of DNA. Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are components of the endomembrane system. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have three sets of membranes. Chloroplasts but not mitochondria are completely independent of the cell of which they are a part.

Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.

Which of the following is false in respect to cells' chromosomes? Chromosomes only exist when cells are actively synthesizing proteins. Chromosomes only appear as a cell is about to divide. Chromosomes are present throughout a cell's reproductive cycle. All cells possess one or more chromosomes. None of the listed responses is false.

Chromosomes only appear as a cell is about to divide.

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? Intermediate filaments are hollow tubes of protein that provide structural support. Microtubules are chains of proteins that resist stretching.. Microfilaments are more permanent structures in cells compared to intermediate filaments and microtubules. Plant cells lack a cytoskeleton because they have a rigid cell wall. Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization.

Microtubules and microfilaments commonly work with which of the following to perform many of their functions?

None of the listed responses is correct.

which of the following is a possible reason for grouping the peroxisomes with chloroplasts and mitochondria? They are all involved in ATP synthesis. They are all part of the plastid family of organelles. They all contain DNA and make some of their own proteins. They all contain two or more membranes. None of these organelles are part of the endomembrane system.

None of these organelles are part of the endomembrane system.

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane?

Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores.

Which of the following is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell? the cytoplasm the rough endoplasmic reticulum in mitochondria The first two answers are correct. The first three answers are correct.

The first three answers are correct.

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of a plant cell wall and an animal cell extracellular matrix? Both are permeable to water and small solutes. Both are synthesized in the ER and Golgi apparatus. Both are composed primarily of carbohydrates. The first two answers are correct. The first three answers are correct.

The first two answers are correct.

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

In addition to the fundamental structures required to be defined as a cell, a particular cell also has a nucleus and chloroplasts. Based on this information, this cell could be

a protistal cell and a plant cell

Consider two cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to

be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment

Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live?

cell

ch of the following structures is found in animal cells but NOT plant cells? Golgi apparatus mitochondria plasma membrane rough endoplasmic reticulum centrioles

centrioles

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?

chloroplast

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components?

cilia

Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures within a cell?

cytoskeleton

Consider a protein that is made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. You observe that when the synthesis of the protein is completed, the protein is located in the ER membrane. Where else in the cell might this protein be found?

embedded in the plasma membrane functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell

Which of the following is/are most likely to be involved in the process of producing proteins for a chloroplast or mitochondrion? the Golgi apparatus transport vesicles free cytoplasmic ribosomes rough endoplasmic reticulum smooth endoplasmic reticulum

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Which of the following organelles is unlikely to show enhanced abundance in pancreatic cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes? Golgi apparatus rough endoplasmic reticulum free cytoplasmic ribosomes transport vesicles All of the listed responses will increase in pancreatic cells secreting digestive enzymes.

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they

have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of evidence that supports this hypothesis is that these organelles contain prokaryotic-like ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most similar to ribosomes found

in bacterial cells

A protein that ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized

in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

The walls of plant cells are largely composed of polysaccharides and proteins that are synthesized

in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the Golgi apparatus

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose and why is it the best choice?

light microscope, the specimen is alive

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? structural support of cells breakdown of complex foods manufacturing information storage energy processing

manufacturing

Which structure-function pair is mismatched?

microtubule; muscle contraction

Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the

mitochondria

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? the time it takes a molecule to diffuse across a cell the shape of the cell the cell's surface-to-volume ratio All of the choices are correct. None of the choices is correct.

mitochondria

Which of the following five membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from the other four? mitochondrial outer membrane lysosome membrane plasma membrane endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus

mitochondrial outer membrane

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

mitochondrion

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following? pseudopodia motor proteins actin mitochondria tubulin

motor proteins

Which type of cell is most likely to have the most mitochondria? nondividing cells in the skin on your finger photosynthetic cells in the leaves of a tree inactive yeast cells that are stored for future use muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner bacterial cells that are growing on sugars

muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

The observation that chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain their own DNA and synthesize some of the proteins that function in these organelles suggests that chloroplasts and mitochondria

must divide each time the cell containing them divides

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

phagocytic white blood cell

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through

plasma membrane

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through

plasmodesmata

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

ribosome

Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell? vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum lysosome, vacuole, ribosome smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, vacuole

ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following organelles might be found inside other organelles? transport vesicles the nucleolus ribosomes mitochondria No organelles are found inside of other organelles.

ribosomes

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common? cytosol ribosomes mitochondria DNA plasma membrane

ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm

Which of the following lack membranes as part of their structure? peroxisomes ribosomes and mitochondria mitochondria ribosomes mitochondria and peroxisomes

s: ribosomes peroxisomes

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to

secrete a lot of protein