Bio Chapter 11 Hw

Which one of the following provides the central nervous system with information about the outside environment?

sensory division

Transmit impulses TOWARD the central nervous system

sensory neurons

Information coming into the central nervous system arrives via __________, while information going from the central nervous system to the muscles, glands, and organs travels via __________.

sensory neurons; motor neurons

Electrical impulses are transmitted between components of the central nervous system via which one of the following?

interneurons

Transmit impulses WITHIN the central nervous system

interneurons

When neurotransmitter molecules bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron,

ion channels in the plasma membrane of the receiving neuron open.

During a brain surgery, a surgeon passes an instrument through the dura mater. Which one of the following does the surgeon pass through next?

arachnoid

Oligodendrocytes are similar to Schwann cells in that they

are a type of neuroglial cells

Control of smooth muscle and internal organs is the role of the ________ division of the nervous system?

autonomic

A nerve impulse moves away from a neuron's cell body along _____.

axons

A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____.

dendrites

The central nervous system is enclosed by membranes or meninges called the

dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid

The three main anatomical and functional divisions of the brain are the

forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

Which of the following cell types makes up the majority of cells in the nervous system?

neuroglial cells

A molecule that carries information across a synaptic cleft is a

neurotransmitter

An impulse relayed along a myelinated axon "jumps" from _____ to _____.

node of Ranvier ... node of Ranvier

What type of cell makes up the myelin sheath of a motor neuron?

Schwann Cells

All of the following are functions of the myelin sheath EXCEPT which one?

The myelin sheath plays an important role in synaptic transmission.

A neuron's nucleus is located in its _____.

cell body

The brain and spinal cord make up the __________.

central nervous system

Transmit impulses AWAY from the central nervous system

motor neurons

Axons insulated by a(n) _____ are able to conduct impulses faster that those not so insulated.

myelin sheath

The small space between the sending neuron and the receiving neuron is the

synaptic cleft

What part of a neuron relays signals from one neuron to another neuron or to an effector?

synaptic terminal

If a signal from a sending neuron makes the receiving neuron more negative inside,

the receiving neuron is less likely to generate an action potential.

When calcium ions enter the synaptic terminal,

they cause vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules to fuse to the plasma membrane of the sending neuron.