BIO CHAPTER 12

Which is the dominant greenhouse gas leading to global warming?

CO2

The Asian kudzu bug (Megacopta cribaria) arrived in Atlanta in 2009 and is quickly spreading across the South. In addition to eating kudzu, it also eats soybeans and can decimate entire crops. The kudzu bug is a type of ________ species.

Invasive

Which of the following advantages does the two-toed sloth have over its three-toed relative?

It comes down from the trees less often.

You are a mammalogist wishing to study sloth behavior in their natural habitat. Where should you conduct your research?

South American Rainforest

Human birth rate peaked in the 1980s and has been slowly declining ever since. How is this expected to affect our population size over the next several decades?

The human population size will continue to increase, but not as fast as before

An age pyramid with a broad base that quickly slopes up to a narrow top would be indicative of ________.

a developing nation

Environmentalism is ________.

a philosophical and social movement concerned with preserving the environment

What category describes a species that, while not presently at risk of extinction, could likely be at risk of extinction in the near future?

a threatened species

Which of the following is not an example of an abiotic factor?

bacteria

What is the term used to describe relatively small areas with unusually high concentrations of species found there and nowhere else, including many species in high risk of extinction? These areas receive the focus of global conservation efforts.

biodiversity hot spot

Using sunflower plants to naturally remove heavy toxins from contaminated soil is an example of ________.

bioremediation

What is the name of the theoretical maximum rate of population growth?

exponential

Imagine you were the manager of a national park with cheetahs. The cheetahs feed primarily on gazelles while the gazelles eat grass. It takes an acre of grassland to feed one gazelle and it takes ten gazelles to feed one cheetah. You have a maximum of ten cheetahs when the system is functioning optimally. You would like to increase the cheetah population because people pay money to see the cheetahs. How much more grassland do you need in order to double the cheetah population?

100 acres

Which of the following examples of adaptation fall into the same category of either anatomical, behavioral, or physiological response to environmental conditions?

A plant growing toward a light source and a plant growing in the direction of wind

Which of the following would be most likely to occur if all the pyralid moths on a sloth died and the sloth was not recolonized?

An increase followed by a decrease in the algae in the sloth's fur.

All living things need nitrogen. How does nitrogen enter the living portion of an ecosystem?

Atmospheric N2 taken in by soil bacteria

Counting the number of turtle nests along a beach to determine if a recent oil spill had affected the local population is an example of ________ science.

hypothesis-driven

A sudden natural catastrophe resulting in massive die-offs would be categorized as a density- ________ limiting factor.

independent

An ecosystem is a collection of all the ________ in a given area.

living and nonliving things

The tendency of toxins to accumulate in top predators is called biological ________.

magnification

Which of the following terms best defines the sloth-moth-algae relationship?

mutalistic

There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of a rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhino's ears. Answer the following question regarding these creatures' relationships. The bird-rhino relationship is an example of ______

mutualism

A person may feel the need to wear a heavy jacket in the fall when the temperature first drops into the 50s. That same person may be wearing short sleeves when the temperature rises into the 50s by the end of the winter. This gradual acclimation to cold weather is a(n) ________ response to changing environmental conditions

physiological

There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of a rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhino's ears. Answer the following question regarding these creatures' relationships. The bird-tick relationship is an example of ________.

predator-prey

The buildup of soil on bare rock by the decomposition of early colonizers is characteristic of ________ succession

primary

Phytoplankton is an example of a(n) ________.

producers

A biome characterized by warm, fairly dry climate that primarily contains grasses with scattered, isolated trees is a ________.

savanna

A wolf eats a rabbit that eats grass. The wolf is a ________.

secondary consumer

Species diversity is highest when _____

species richness is high and relative abundance is evenly distributed

At what level is biodiversity often studied and measured?

the diversity of species in an community The diversity of ecosystems on the planet The diversity of genes in a population

Why does a sloth move so slowly?

to conserve energy