bio chapter 2 question set 1

An electrically neutral molecule has the formula C3H4O2N. If the carbon atoms form the usual number of bonds, how many covalent bonds will each hydrogen atom have with other atoms in the molecule?

1 A knowledge of bonding capacities makes it easier to understand the structure of molecules.

An atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. Another isotope of the same element might have ...

10 neutrons Isotopes have the same number of protons; different numbers of neutrons.

An atom's atomic number is 7. Its valence is most likely ...

3 The neutral atom has 7 electrons. Two electrons fill the first shell, and 5 go into the second (valence) shell. The atom needs 3 more electrons to fill the valence shell.

A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms.

double covalent The oxygen atoms are sharing two pairs of electrons.

An ionic bond involves _____.

an attraction between ions of opposite charge

An atom has 6 electrons, 6 protons, and 6 neutrons. You can tell that this atom belongs to the element _____ because _____________________.

C; it has 6 protons Atoms represent the element carbon (C) if they have six protons.

A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

molecule A molecule is defined as two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

A carbon atom and a hydrogen atom form what type of bond in a molecule?

nonpolar covalent bond Atoms with similar electronegativities form nonpolar covalent bonds.

An ionic bond is formed when _____.

one atom transfers an electron to another atom Transfer of an electron from one atom to another results in a positive ion (cation) and a negative ion (anion), which usually attract each other to form an ionic bond. However, the ions need not have acquired their electrical charge due to an electron transfer with each other.