BIO Chapter 7 Homework

Each mRNA 3-base sequence, called a ___, matches with a tRNA sequence called the ___. The tRNA also carries the specified ___ ___, used as a building block for a protein.

codon, anticodon, amino acid

Carries amino acids to ribosomes and binds to codons

tRNA

During gene expression, a segment of ___ is transcribed into a single-stranded nucleic acid called ___.

DNA, RNA

Arrange the following parts and processes of eukaryotic gene expression in chronological order.

First step 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Functional protein appears Last step

An information storage molecule called ___ instructs a cell how to make ___, which do the cell's work.

DNA; proteins

Its codons specify the order of amino acids in translation

mRNA

What is wrong with the following piece of mRNA? TACCAGGATCACTTTGCCA

It contains T and not U

The resulting portion of the polypeptide has this sequence (using the 3-letter codes):

Trp-Arg-Thr-Ala-Leu

Template strand DNA: ACCGCTTGCCGCAAT The RNA product of the genetic code above has the sequence ___. It binds to the small subunit of the ___. It is joined by the large subunit, completing the initiation stage of the process of ___.

UGGACGAACGGUGUUA, DNA, translation

According to the image below, a mutation in a gene is analogous to

a typo in a recipe

Other types of ___carry protein building blocks called ___ ___ to the growing protein.

nucleotides ;amino acids

Combines the proteins to form a ribosome

rRNA

Consider the types of mutations and the circumstances in which mutations arise to label the TRUE statements below. (Select all that apply.)

-Mutagens and meiosis are two sources of mutation -A single-base insertion is usually more harmful than a single-base substitution -Mutations can be useful to the organism

Cell structures called ___ are the sites of protein synthesis.

ribosomes

A mutation in a gene would ___ cause a change in the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

sometimes

mRNA is to translation as a gene is to

the genetic code

Complete this sentence: If the nucleotides ATT were inserted into the template strand of a gene, then

the result protein will be shorter and nonfunctional

Is transcription or translation shown in the image below?

transcription

The gene sequence above undergoes ___ to produce ___with the help of RNA polymerase, and other proteins. This occurs in the ___of a eukaryotic cell.

transcription, mRNA, nucleus