bio hw 5 mc
Mitochondrial DNA is often used in situations where nuclear DNA may be too degraded to analyze
True
The spontaneous mutation rate in mitochondrial genes is higher than the rate in nuclear genes because mitochondria cannot repair their DNA.
True
New ____ mutations can often be detected by examining the inheritance of the trait in males.
X-linked
If a pedigree of several generations shows only females affected by a particular trait, it cannot be a(n) ____ trait.
Y-linked
Which of the following immunity impairments can be caused by mutations?
all of the above (immune deficiencies, allergies, cancer)
In sickle cell anemia, affected individuals carry ____.
the same single nucleotide substitution
If a genetic disorder appears in a family with no prior history, and is fully expressed by everyone carrying that allele, it is most likely a(n) ____ trait
autosomal dominant
Frameshift mutations change the number of ____ in the gene and usually cause large-scale changes in the ____ sequence of the protein.
nucleotides; amino acid
Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancers (HNPCC) ____.
are caused by several mutations in several different genes
Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that ____.
can be passed on to daughter cells
A mutation is
a change in DNA that is rare in a population
When discussing molecular evolution and comparing two DNA sequences, fewer changes indicates
closer relation and more recent divergence
Identical twins have identical ____, but due to the environment they do not always have identical ____.
genotypes; phenotypes
What force is capable of removing deleterious, or harmful and possibly lethal alleles, from populations under certain circumstances?
natural selection
Nuclear DNA can be extracted from all of the following EXCEPT
mature red blood cells
Which type of mutation substitutes one amino acid for another?
missense
Mutation differs from the other sources of genetic variation, identified in the principles of Hardy-Weinberg, because
mutations introduce a change, while the other factors act upon already existing alleles
The first single-gene disorder for which the mechanism of mutation was understood at a molecular level was
sickle cell disease
A mutation that cannot be passed onto offspring and causes a patch of white hair on a person's head when the rest of his hair is brown is most likely a
somatic mutation
