Bio II Final Review

Which of the following is a disadvantage of an exoskeleton? a. It must be shed for its owner to grow. b. It does not provide as efficient a muscle anchorage as an endoskeleton. c. It allows for excess water loss. d. It is not flexible enough to allow a full range of movement. e. It is not able to absorb pigments for sufficient camouflage.

a. It must be shed for its owner to grow.

This phylum contains the most primitive species of the animal kingdom.

a. Porifera

Which of the following insulates various internal organs from the stresses of body-wall movement and bathes them in a liquid through which nutrients and waste products can diffuse? a. a coelom b. mesoderm c. a mantle d. a water-vascular system e. all of these

a. a coelom

Cells of the outer surface of a sponge obtain nutrients by a. absorbing food that diffuses from the central cavity. b. capturing food in their microvilli. c. absorbing food distributed by amoeboid cells. d. phagocytosing bacteria and other small food items.

a. absorbing food that diffuses from the central cavity.

Earthworms can perform all but which of the following? a. chewing of food b. respiration c. tillage of the soil d. movement using setae e. excretion of water

a. chewing of food

Nematocysts are found only in a. cnidarians. b. nematodes. c. crustaceans. d. echinoderms.

a. cnidarians.

Which of the following does NOT display bilateral symmetry? a. comb jellies b. ribbon worms c. annelids d. chordates

a. comb jellies

Four of the five answers listed below are features found in sponges. Select the exception. a. mesoglea b. spicule c. gemmule d. osculum e. collar and amoeboid cells

a. mesoglea

All animals are a. multicellular, heterotrophic, and diploid. b. multicellular, heterotrophic, and haploid. c. multicellular, autotrophic, and diploid. d. multicellular, autotrophic, and haploid.

a. multicellular, heterotrophic, and diploid.

In contrast to cnidarians, which they closely resemble, comb jellies lack a. nematocysts. b. radial symmetry. c. jelly. d. all of these

a. nematocysts.

Which of the following have a tough cuticle, longitudinal muscles, a complete digestive system, and are facultative anaerobes? a. nematodes b. cnidarians c. flatworms d. echinoderms e. poriferans

a. nematodes

Hookworms and pinworms are a. nematodes. b. flatworms. c. annelids. d. ribbon worms. e. flukes.

a. nematodes.

Four of the five answers listed below are parasitic. Select the exception. a. planaria b. flukes c. nematodes d. leeches e. tapeworms

a. planaria

cnidarians

a. rows of cilia plates

Which of the following organisms exhibits cephalization? a. snail b. sea anemone c. sea star d. sponge

a. snail

Mesodermal tissue is absent in a. sponges. b. cnidarians. c. flatworms. d. sponges and cnidarians. e. sponges, cnidarians, and flatworms.

a. sponges.

A scolex is a. the anterior attachment organ of a tapeworm. b. the feeding organ of a fluke. c. an appendage of a sandworm. d. the egg of a sea star. e. the larva of an aquatic insect.

a. the anterior attachment organ of a tapeworm.

Which of the following has a gut with two openings, a mouth and an anus? a. Cnidaria b. Annelida c. Platyhelminthes d. Porifera

b. Annelida

Exoskeletons are most characteristic of which of the following? a. Mollusca b. Arthropoda c. Echinodermata d. Chordata e. Annelida

b. Arthropoda

This phylum has the greatest number of species.

b. Arthropoda

Trilobites were members of this phylum.

b. Arthropoda

Wheel animals are in this phylum.

b. Arthropoda

The animal phylum that contains the greatest number of named species is a. Mollusca. b. Arthropoda. c. Nematoda. d. Chordata. e. Annelida

b. Arthropoda.

The most successful of the invertebrate phyla with respect to the numbers of species is a. Annelida. b. Arthropoda. c. Mollusca. d. Echinodermata. e. Nematoda.

b. Arthropoda.

Mesoglea is found in which of the following groups? a. Porifera b. Cnidaria c. Nematoda d. Annelida e. Mollusca

b. Cnidaria

Which of the following phyla is characterized by radially symmetrical members? a. Arthropoda b. Cnidaria c. Platyhelminthes d. Chordata e. Annelida

b. Cnidaria

Which phylum is represented by marine members only? a. Mollusca b. Echinodermata c. Platyhelminthes d. Annelida

b. Echinodermata

An organism that possesses a scolex and proglottids lacks a. bilateral symmetry. b. a coelom. c. mesodermal tissue. d. bilateral symmetry and a coelom. e. bilateral symmetry, a coelom, and mesodermal tissue.

b. a coelom.

ribbon worms

b. acoelomates with circulatory system

sponges

b. acoelomates with circulatory system

The mollusks with the most complex nervous systems are a. chitons. b. cephalopods. c. gastropods. d. bivalves.

b. cephalopods.

Which of the following are deuterostomes? a. annelids b. chordates c. arthropods d. mollusks e. all of these

b. chordates

Which of the following is present in the comb jellies but not in cnidarians? a. mesoglea b. cilia c. nematocysts d. radial symmetry e. predatory tentacles.

b. cilia

"Nerve net" describes the nervous system of a. flatworms. b. cnidarians. c. annelids. d. sponges. e. none of these

b. cnidarians.

Which of the following features do annelids share in common with roundworms? a. pseudocoelom b. cuticle c. segmented body d. setae e. nephridia

b. cuticle

Which of the following is NOT related to the other three? a. free-living flatworms b. earthworms c. flukes d. tapeworms

b. earthworms

Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of the majority of animals. Select the exception. a. multicellular b. exhibit alternation of generations c. usually motile at least during part of their life cycle d. usually diploid, sexually reproducing forms of life e. usually heterotrophic

b. exhibit alternation of generations

A radula is which of the following? a. foot b. feeding organ c. ear d. sensitive hair e. balance organ

b. feeding organ

Poriferans are a. herbivores. b. filter feeders. c. scavengers. d. predators. e. carnivores.

b. filter feeders.

Which of the following is applicable in describing a deuterostome? a. spiral cleavage b. first embryonic indentation becomes mouth c. coelom develops from gut outpouchings d. mollusca

b. first embryonic indentation becomes mouth

The appendages of members of several phyla share common functions; however, only certain appendages of arthropods are capable of a. walking. b. flight. c. feeding. d. copulation. e. swimming.

b. flight.

Bivalves lack which of the following molluscan features? a. foot b. head c. mantle d. shells e. visceral mass

b. head

Polychaetes are the only annelids that possess a. setae. b. jaws or teeth. c. parapods. d. ganglia. e. a complete digestive tract.

b. jaws or teeth.

The second greatest number of species in an animal phylum is found in a. nematodes. b. mollusks. c. platyhelminths. d. echinoderms. e. cnidarians.

b. mollusks.

Which of the following is NOT a chelicerate? a. tick b. mosquito c. spider d. horseshoe crab e. scorpion

b. mosquito

Which annelid structure may resemble the ancestral structure from which the vertebrate kidney evolved? a. trachea b. nephridium c. mantle d. parapodia e. none of these

b. nephridium

Which of the following characteristics is NOT true of all animal phyla? a. multicellular b. organ systems c. heterotrophic d. diploid e. sexual reproduction

b. organ systems

Four of the five answers listed below relate to flatworms. Select the exception. a. proglottid b. seta c. scolex d. flame cell e. first form to develop a mesoderm

b. seta

Which animal belongs to a subphylum different from that of the other four? a. horseshoe crab b. shrimp c. mite d. spider e. scorpion

b. shrimp

A common intermediate host for most flukes are a. mosquitoes. b. snails. c. mice. d. flies. e. clams.

b. snails.

Which of the following groups does NOT have tissues? a. nematodes b. sponges c. echinoderms d. flatworms e. cnidarians

b. sponges

A planula is a a. sedentary, attached, tree-shaped form found in corals. b. swimming larval form with an outer ciliated epidermis. c. kind of parasitic worm. d. fleshy lobe that extends laterally from the body wall of a marine worm. e. rasplike tongue.

b. swimming larval form with an outer ciliated epidermis.

Cnidarians do NOT have a. tentacles equipped with nematocysts. b. three germ layers. c. radial symmetry. d. a gastrovascular cavity. e. medusa stages.

b. three germ layers.

An unidentified arthropod with no antennae and eight pairs of legs could be closely related to a. grasshoppers. b. ticks. c. crayfish. d. millipedes. e. trilobites.

b. ticks.

Parasites of humans are found in all but which of the following phyla? a. Platyhelminthes b. Nematoda c. Annelida d. Echinodermata e. Arthropoda

c. Annelida

Although most are enclosed by hardened shells, this phylum name literally means "soft body."

c. Mollusca

Members of this group have a brain with nerve cords, a saclike or branched gut, and lack a circulatory system.

c. Platyhelminthes

Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. Mammals are vertebrates. b. Invertebrates have no backbone. c. There are more vertebrate species than invertebrates. d. The phylogenetic tree of animals begins with the sponges. e. Arthropods have the most species.

c. There are more vertebrate species than invertebrates.

In the life cycle of the fluke responsible for schistosomiasis, the intermediate host is a. a human. b. another fluke. c. a snail. d. unknown at this time.

c. a snail.

Sponges have only which one of the following? a. symmetry b. organs c. anus d. skeleton e. appendages

c. anus

Molting in arthropods involves primarily a change in a. body form and maturity. b. sex. c. body size. d. eating habits. e. sensory structures.

c. body size.

Spiders use which of the following mouthparts for subduing prey? a. mandibles b. pedipalps c. chelicerae d. maxillae e. labial palps

c. chelicerae

Cephalopods are the only mollusks that possess a. a mantle. b. gills. c. closed circulation. d. shells. e. closed circulation and shells.

c. closed circulation.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mollusks? a. radula b. mantle c. ctenidia d. radial cleavage e. shell

c. ctenidia

Nephridia are a. circulatory organs. b. respiratory organs. c. excretory organs. d. endocrine organs. e. part of the nervous system.

c. excretory organs.

The feeding mode of leeches can be described as a. predaceous. b. internal parasitism. c. external bloodsucking. d. predaceous and external bloodsucking. e. predaceous, external bloodsucking, and internal parasitism.

c. external bloodsucking.

Members of a colony would be described best by which of the following words? a. dependent b. independent c. interdependent d. nondependent

c. interdependent

A digestive tract is said to be complete if it a. possesses specialized regions for different digestive tasks. b. produces acids and contains enzymes. c. is a one-way tube with a mouth and an anus. d. is surrounded by muscle.

c. is a one-way tube with a mouth and an anus.

Four of the five answers listed below have a common relationship. Select the exception. a. first segmented form b. possess nephridia c. jointed appendages d. setae e. complete gut with closed circulatory system and coelom

c. jointed appendages

Which of the following is mismatched? a. sponges-gemmules b. cnidarians-polyp c. nematodes-segmentation d. flatworms-flame cell e. flatworms-scolex

c. nematodes-segmentation

Which of the following is in the phylum characterized by a mantle and a radula? a. lobster b. rotifer c. octopus d. sand dollar

c. octopus

Four of the five answers listed below are crayfish appendages. Select the exception. a. antennae b. maxillae c. pedipalps d. swimmerets e. chelipeds

c. pedipalps

flatworms

c. planarians, flukes, tapeworms

Which of the following is an organism that possesses setae and nephridia, and exhibits coordinated movements of circular and longitudinal muscle? a. millipede b. tapeworm c. polychaete d. hookworm e. flatworm

c. polychaete

For roundworms living in the intestine of a vertebrate, the cuticle would most probably serve in what capacity? a. water retention b. nutrient absorption c. protection from digestive enzymes d. excretion of metabolic wastes e. sensory detection

c. protection from digestive enzymes

Which of the following features do bivalves share with sponges? a. lack of symmetry b. flagellated collar cells c. suspension feeding d. siphons e. none of these

c. suspension feeding

Which of the following is NOT an organ for excreting excess water from the body? a. nephridium b. flame cell c. trachea d. Malpighian tubule e. siphon

c. trachea

Four of the five answers listed below are related. Select the exception. a. jellyfish b. hydra c. tunicates d. corals e. sea anemones

c. tunicates

A mantle is found only among the a. Arthropoda. b. Annelida. c. Echinodermata. d. Mollusca. e. Chordata.

d. Mollusca.

Members of this phylum have a pseudocoelomic cavity.

d. Nematoda

Which of the following is a stage in the life cycle of Obelia, a cnidarian? a. medusa b. planula c. polyp d. all of these

d. all of these

Four of the five answers listed below are molluscan body features. Select the exception. a. ctenidia b. head and foot c. mantle d. carapace e. radula

d. carapace

Four of the five answers listed below have a common relationship. Select the exception. a. crabs b. shrimps c. lobsters d. centipedes e. barnacles

d. centipedes

Which of the following does NOT include parasites? a. flatworms b. roundworms c. nematodes d. cnidarians e. none of these

d. cnidarians

Which of the following groups can be distinguished from the other arthropods by its possession of two pairs of antennae? a. insects b. millipedes c. chelicerates d. crustaceans e. trilobites

d. crustaceans

Which of the following is mismatched? a. cnidarians:nematocysts b. poriferans:spicules c. platyhelminths:bilateral symmetry d. echinoderms:protostomes e. annelids:segmented body

d. echinoderms:protostomes

Which body plan is characterized by simple gas exchange mechanisms, two-way traffic through a highly branched, saclike gut, and a thin, flat body with all cells fairly close to the gut? a. cnidarian b. nematode c. echinoderm d. flatworm

d. flatworm

Which of the following lack a "true" coelom? a. flatworms b. annelids c. roundworms d. flatworms and roundworms e. flatworms and annelids

d. flatworms and roundworms

Bilateral symmetry is characteristic of a. cnidarians. b. sponges. c. jellyfish. d. flatworms. e. comb jellies

d. flatworms.

An animal with bilateral symmetry a. has left and right sides. b. usually displays cephalization. c. produces mirror images regardless of the number of "cuts" through the central axis. d. has left and right sides and usually displays cephalization. e. has left and right sides, usually displays cephalization, and produces mirror images regardless of the number of "cuts" through the central axis.

d. has left and right sides and usually displays cephalization.

In the life cycle of a typical cnidarian, which of the following would most likely be free-swimming? a. medusa b. polyp c. planula d. medusa and planula e. medusa, polyp, or planula depending on the season

d. medusa and planula

Ribbon worms resemble the flatworms in all but which of the following characteristics? a. protonephridia b. flat c. acoelomate d. mesoderm e. complete gut

d. mesoderm

The bulk of a jellyfish consists of a. mesoderm. b. mesohyl. c. mesophyll. d. mesoglea. e. mesogel.

d. mesoglea.

A radula is an organ found in a. mollusks. b. chitons. c. bivalves. d. mollusks and chitons. e. mollusks, chitons, and bivalves.

d. mollusks and chitons.

A segmented body plan does NOT occur in which of the following groups? a. arthropods b. chordates c. annelids d. nematodes

d. nematodes

roundworms

d. nematodes

The organs of excretion in flatworms are a. nephridia. b. contractile vacuoles. c. Malpighian tubules. d. protonephridia. e. book lungs.

d. protonephridia.

The movement of earthworms is dependent on a. circular muscles. b. longitudinal muscles. c. hydrostatic skeleton. d. setae. e. all of these

d. setae.

Members of this phylum have a brain with a ventral nerve cord, a complete gut, and a circulatory system that is usually closed.

e. Annelida

Which of the following statements is false? a. The development of a coelom was necessary before organisms could develop a large size. b. Segmentation allows increasing specialization of body parts. c. The development of an elongated gut allows specialized regions to carry out different functions. d. Organisms with radial symmetry developed into the ultimate predators. e. None of these is false.

e. None of these is false.

Unlike most other animals, sponges lack a. a digestive tract. b. a symmetrical body plan. c. nerve cells. d. a digestive tract and a symmetrical body plan. e. a digestive tract, a symmetrical body plan, and nerve cells.

e. a digestive tract, a symmetrical body plan, and nerve cells.

Gemmules a. are used in respiration. b. capture food. c. function in excretion. d. serve in digestion. e. are reproductive agents.

e. are reproductive agents.

All but which of the following have a circulatory system? a. flukes b. ribbon worms c. earthworms d. crayfish e. both flukes and ribbon worms

e. both flukes and ribbon worms

A wormlike arthropod with a flattened body and carnivorous eating habits would be identified as a a. crustacean. b. millipede. c. spider. d. trilobite. e. centipede.

e. centipede.

Oval body, eight dorsal plates, grazer on rocky coasts is descriptive of a. gastropods. b. snails. c. clams. d. slugs. e. chitons.

e. chitons.

Feeding in sponges is dependent on a. collar cells. b. pores. c. water flow. d. pores and water flow. e. collar cells, pores, and water flow.

e. collar cells, pores, and water flow.

Nematocysts are a. reproductive cells. b. excretory organs. c. sets of muscle cells. d. circulatory cells. e. defensive cells.

e. defensive cells.

Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of cnidarians. Select the exception. a. planula larvae b. polyp form c. mesoglea d. nematocyst e. pharynx

e. pharynx

Four of the five answers listed below possess some type of coelom. Select the exception. a. nematodes b. annelids c. arthropods d. mollusks e. platyhelminths

e. platyhelminths

Which of the following adaptations has contributed to the success of the insects? a. specialized sensory organs b. wings c. high reproductive capacity d. specialized sensory organs and wings e. specialized sensory organs, wings, and high reproductive capacity

e. specialized sensory organs, wings, and high reproductive capacity

arthropods

i. curstaceans, ticks, and insects

annelids

j. polychaetes, earthworms, leeches