Bio Q 2 Test

Which of these pH numbers indicates the highest level of acidity?

5

An increase in the level of hormone A causes an increase in the level of hormone B. The increase in the level of hormone B then causes a decrease in the level of hormone A. This process is an example of

A feedback mechanism

high glucose levels

Causes more insulin to be released

Which structure allows the passage of this oxygen to the environment?

Cell Memebrane

Identify a structure, in organisms that do not have kidneys, that is adapted to regulate water balance.

Cell memebrane

Order of organisms

Cells, Tissues, organs, organisms

Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in structure

Chloroplast

If body temperature is too high, some blood vessels increase in size and sweat glands will excrete sweat, resulting in a lower body temperature. These changes are an example of

Feedback mechanisms

both single-celled and multi-celled organisms

Have structures that perform life processes

Diffusion

Higher to lower

Which statement explains the importance of maintaining a constant internal environment to ensure proper enzyme functioning?

Increasing the temperature and pH can alter the specific shape of enzymes

What is released by cells in the pancreas

Insulin

active transport

Lower to higher

The first successful transplant of insulin producing cells from a living donor pancreas was completed in April 2000 in Japan. This enabled the body of the recipient to

Maintain blood sugar levels throughout the day

Diffusion and Active Transport

Move molecules

Which statement best describes the organelles in a cell

Organelles must work together and their activities must be coordinated.

A student wants to test the hypothesis that an acidic environment will decrease enzyme activity. In the experiment, the student used an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and bubbles of oxygen. To test the hypothesis, the student should collect data on the number of oxygen bubbles produced at different

Ph levels

How do cells in the ovary detect a hormone from the brain?

Receptor molecules on the cells of the ovary bind with the hormone

Nucleus

Responsible for the storage of information

Two methods of moving from place to place are represented below. The single-celled ameba moves by a process that involves the flow of cytoplasm. Which statement is best supported by these diagrams?

Single-celled organisms, like complex organisms, are able to move; however, they differ in the way they carry out this activity.

Cell membranes are said to be selectively permeable. Which statement best explains what selectively permeable means?

The cell membrane lets certain substances enter the cell and keeps certain substances out of the cell.

Breathing rate is constantly being monitored and adjusted in the human body, which results in

The internal environment being kept within certain limits

Lysosomes break open during the process of digestion, releasing enzymes into the cytoplasm. Which statement may explain why the entire cell may not be digested?

The pH of the cytoplasm causes the enzymes to function less effectively

Which cell structures are correctly paired with their functions

The ribosomes make proteins, and the nucleus stores genetic information

Some sea slugs store chloroplasts obtained from algae they have ingested. The chloroplasts continue to carry out photosynthesis within the slugs. What advantage would this activity be to these sea slugs?

The slugs with chloroplasts can synthesize some of their own food.

Which processes will all living organisms use to maintain homeostasis?

Utilize energy, detect changes in the environment, rearrange and synthesize chemical compounds

The disease known as malaria may result in a fever, a decrease in red blood cells, and an enlarged liver and spleen. These symptoms are evidence of

a disruption of homeostasis

The concentration of potassium is higher in red blood cells than in the surrounding blood plasma. This higher concentration is maintained by the process of

active transport

Building block of protein

amino acid

The basic building blocks of a protein are

amino acids

The protein endolysin belongs to which group of chemical substances?

biological catalysts

Single-celled organisms are able to maintain homeostasis, even though they lack higher levels of organization such as organs and organ systems, because

cell structures work together to maintain homeostasis in single-celled organisms

Shrimp that live in the cold waters off Alaska will die if introduced into warm water. One likely reason these shrimp do not survive is that enzymes in the shrimp

change of shape

More energy can be released from a fat molecule than from a glucose molecule because the fat molecule contains more

chemical bonds

Single-celled organisms are able to maintain internal stability because they

contain structures that perform life functions

Materials are transported within a single-celled organism by the

cytoplasm

Riding a bicycle requires balance and constant adjustment and monitoring by the rider in order to continue cycling. Successfully riding a bicycle most directly results from the ability to

detect and respond to change

Before starch can enter a cell, it must b

digested to form simple sugars

The failure of the human body to effectively maintain dynamic equilibrium can result in

disease

A person usually experiences small variations in body temperature over a 24-hour period. These variations in temperature are an example of

dynamic equilibrium

One effect of uncontrolled diabetes is that the blood might develop an acidic pH. As a result, cells may not be able to regulate their internal pH. Within these cells, this could cause a disruption of the function of biological catalysts known as

enzymes

A substance directly involved in cellular communication within the human body is

hormone

The action of insulin on sugar levels in the blood helps to

maintain dynamic equilibrium

Which activity can occur without the use of energy

movement of water across a membrane

Which two cell structures work together in the process of protein synthesis?

nucleus and ribosomes

In a multicellular organism, organs carry out a variety of life functions. In a single-celled organism, these functions are performed by

organelles

Chemicals that help chemical reactions occur at faster rates in living organisms are known as

organic catalysts

The function of a specific enzyme is most directly influenced by its

physical shape

Prions are proteins that act as an infectious agent. They cause a variety of diseases, including "Mad Cow" disease. Prions cannot produce more prions on their own, but cause the host organism to replicate more prions. Most scientists do not consider prions to be alive. A valid reason for accepting that prions are nonliving things is that

prions cannot carry out reproduction independently

DNA is able to control cellular activities most directly by regulating the process of

protein synthesis

The failure of a cell to react in a normal manner to insulin is most likely the result of a problem with

receptors

A function of cell membranes in humans is the

recognition of certain chemicals

Fish absorb oxygen through the gills, earthworms absorb oxygen through the skin, amebas take in oxygen through the cell membranes, and cows inhale oxygen through the nasal passages into their lungs. This statement demonstrates that living things

rely on similar or the same processes, but accomplish them in different ways

In order for the human body to maintain homeostasis, the breakdown of glucose to release energy must be followed by the

removal of wastes

A pesticide that kills an insect by interfering with the production of proteins in the insect would most directly affect the activity of

ribosomes

In a cell, protein synthesis is the primary function of

ribosomes

The major role of carbohydrates in the human diet is to

supply energy for the body

The shape of each of the molecules is important because

the shape of a molecule determines how it functions in chemical reactions

The cytoplasm in a single-celled organism and the circulatory system in a human both

transport substances throughout the organism

Which substance can enter a cell by diffusion without having to be digested?

water

Which substance is an inorganic molecule?

water

One of the effects of Hurricane Katrina, which devastated New Orleans in 2005, was the death of almost all of the plants in flooded areas. Initially, toxic chemicals and bacteria were suspected as a possible cause. Scientists later determined that the salt concentration in the floodwater caused the plants to die.

water moving out of plant cells into the surrounding environment