Bio test 1

flagella and cilia

Cell surface projections for movement

Viruses differ from cells in which of the following ways?

Cells grow and require energy, but viruses do not Cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA, but viruses do not carry their own genetic information

Vacuole

Center of the plant cell that contain enzymes and pigments

Nucleus

Control center of the cell

Microtubules and microfilaments

Cytoskeleton in eukaryotes

Animals, plants, fungi, and protists have cells that are...

Eukaryotic

Cells that contains streaming cytoplasm...

Eukaryotic

Which cell type contains membrane-bound organelles?

Eukaryotic

The process by which cells expel, or secrete, large molecules is known as...

Exocytosis

Lipids

Fatty acids

simple sugars

Glucose, sucrose, fructose and many more

Proteins

Large molecules that help build and maintain body cells and tissues

semi-permeable membrane

Many large molecules do NOT move around freely

Fats

Molecules made from the combination of one molecule of glycerol with three fatty acids

Carbohydrates that contain only one sugar unit are called...

Monosaccharides

animal cells have

No large central vacuole, no chloroplasts, no cell well

If the small molecules are water molecules, then the movement from right to left across the membrane is...

Osmosis

Eukaryotic cells contain...

Paired chromosomes

All carbohydrates are made up of units of sugar also called...

Saccharides

Active transport

The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy.

What would help you conclude that the cell shown here is a plant cell?

The presence of chloroplasts The large, central vacuole The rigid cell wall

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Transport of proteins

Fats is also known as...

Triglycerides

Plant cells have

cell walls, central vacuoles, chloroplast and plastids

ionic bonds

formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

In passive diffusion, substances always move...

from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Which answer correctly describes the lipid bilayer?

lipids are hydrophobic; phosphates are hydrophilic

organic molecules

molecules that contain carbon

Chloroplast

organelle where photosynthesis occurs

Two types are endocytosis are called...

phagocytosis pinocytosis

Differences between a plant and animal cell include:

plants cells have chloroplasts and animal cells don't plant cells have cell walls and animal cells don't

Mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell

The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is the...

processing of large molecules such as proteins and lipids

Movement of the small molecules from right to left across the membrane requires...

requires passive transport requires no energy

covalent bonds

sharing of electrons

passive transport

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

The antibiotic tetracycline interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes. Because bacterial ribosomes are different from the ribosomes in human cells, taking tetracyline only stops...

the production of bacterial protein

When salt is poured on a slug, it dies because...

water moves out of the slug, causing dehydration

Cytoplasm

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

plasma membrane

A selectively-permeable phospholipid bilayer forming the boundary of the cells

Golgi apparatus

A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell

Lysosomes

An organelle that breaks down enzymes

Cells that contain a nucleus...

Are eukaryotic

An example of a prokaryotic cell is...

Bacteria

Cells that have DNA as their genetic material include...

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Elements of life

C, H, O, N

Movement of the small molecules from left to right across the membrane

Requires active transport Requires energy

Examples of a Eukaryotes is...

Plant cells, animal cells, fungi and protists

Proteins are ________ of amino acids

Polymers

complex carbohydrates are ____________ of the simple sugars

Polymers

The complex carbohydrates are often referred to as...

Polysaccharides

Smooth ER

Processing and transports lipids

Bacteria have cells that are...

Prokaryotics

Cells that do not have histone proteins associated with their DNA...

Prokaryotics

Prokaryotic cells contain...

Single chromosomes

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis Attached to rough ER

complex carbohydrates

Starches such as rice, bread, cereals, pasta, corn, or dry beans.