Bio Test

Scientific Method

A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.

What is the largest rainforest biome in the world

Amazon

common ancestor

An ancestral species from which later species evolved

artificial selection

Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits.

When scientists generate a single informed, logical, and plausible explanation for a question for a question and observations of the natural world, they are proposing a scientific

Hypothesis

stabilizing selection

Natural selection that favors intermediate variants by acting against extreme phenotypes

Embryonic studies

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peer review

A process by which the procedures and results of an experiment are evaluated by other scientists who are in the same field or who are conducting similar research.

natural selection

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.

Hypothesis

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

An advantageous genetic change in the genes of an organism that gives it a survival advantage in the environment that it lives

Adaptation

controlled experiment

An experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time.

Science

An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world.

Observations

Information gathered by noticing facts and occurrences using your five senses.

Experimentation is the primary, but not only, means used to verify or refute the ___ made by a hypothesis

Predictions

convergent evolution

Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments

___ is an example of a life-defining criteria that mules CANNOT fulfill

Reproducing

independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

dependent variable

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

Whenever we ________, we are proceeding scientifically.

Try to solve a problem by systematically evaluating the plausibility of various solutions.

White Nose Syndrome

a fungal infection that dehydrates hibernating bats, causing them to wake too early in search of water and food and they die

An accepted scientific theory is best described as

a tested hypothesis that has not yet beenproven wrong.

scientific theory

a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations

Predictions

an educated guess about what is going to happen next

DNA sequence similarities

are the strongest evidence for evolution from a common ancestor.

peppered moth

example of natural selection caused by pollution

disruptive selection

favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range

Fossil Record

information about past life, including the structure of organisms, what they ate, what ate them, in what environment they lived, and the order in which they lived

Facts

information that is true or demonstrable

directional selection

occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of a trait

industrial melanism

phenomenon in which darker individuals come to predominate over lighter ones

common descent

principle that all living things have a common ancestor

analogous traits

similar characteristics resulting from convergent evolution, therefore not derived from a common ancestor

Homogolous

similarity among organisms of different species due to their inheritance from a common ancestor

biological evolution

the change over time in populations of related organisms

control group

the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.

treatment group

the group that receives the treatment

selective breeding

the process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next generation

vestigal traits

traits that currently don't have a function but appear to have had one in the past

Adaptations

traits that improve an individual's ability to survive and reproduce

horizontal gene transfer

transfer of genes between cells of the same generation

Fossilization

when living material is replaced with mineral substances in the remains of an organism