Bio Unit 4

how much energy is lost to the environment as it moves between trophic levels. what form is this energy in

10 percent moves on so we have 90% that is not moving on. used for cellular respiration and it is used for itself and ultimately it gets used as heat

Four Kingdoms of Domain Eukarya

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Types of organisms in a food chain/web

algae, seaweed, plankton, seagrass, humans, turtles, bears, hawks, ducks, fish

examples of biotic factors

animals, birds, plants, fungi

how do decomposers get their nutrients

by eating dead plants and animals

How are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes?

eukaryotic cells are used to make up animals. prokaryotic cells are a primitive type of cell in a comparison to the eukaryotic cell

why are food webs more stable than food chains

food webs provide more stability even if there is an imbalance number of one species in between

different types of consumers

herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, decomposers

when a consumer eats food, what happens to the energy from the food

it could be used for energy, transformed to cellular energy or biomass, or excreted

what happens to the food that a herbivore eats

it is used for respiration, it is turned into egested waste, heat loss and biomass

what does an energy pyramid show

it shows how much energy is in each level of the pyramid. the most amount of energy is in the producers and the least is in apex consumers.

which level of an energy pyramid uses the most energy

level 1, the producers

example of food chain with three trophic levels

producer - grass primary consumer - mouse secondary consumer - snake

what makes an herbivore an efficient food choice for a carnivore

since herbivores are low on the food chain carnivores get more energy from them

what is the source of all energy in an ecosystem

sunlight, the energy decreases as you get higher on the pyramid

how do the changes in the population of a species impact the population of other plants and animals in the environment

the food web works as one whole so if there is nothing of one plant or animal the whole food web would be messed up and all the animals and plants would start dying

biomass

the total dry mass of all organisms in a given area

why are the populations of top-level consumers typically much smaller than the lower-level consumers and producers

they get such little energy from the level below them so they have to eat multiple of that animal so if there was an equal amount there wouldn't be enough food

examples of abiotic factors

water, air, soil, sunlight, minerals