Biochem Ch 1 Quiz/HW

Select the descriptions that apply to the ribosome

- A cellular structure that is composed of both RNA and protein - A cellular structure that is responsible for the synthesis of proteins

Select the descriptions that apply to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

- A membranous structure that surrounds the nucleus without attached ribosomes - An organelle that synthesizes fatty acids, phospholipids and steriods

Select the phrases that describe the plasma membrane

- Creates a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell - Regulates transport of molecules into and out of the cell

Select the phrases that accurately complete the sentence The mitochondrion....

- Has an inferior membrane with deep folds where ATP synthesis occurs. - Contains unique DNA that is different from the cell's nuclear DNA

Which statements correctly describe the rough endoplasmic reticulum? (rough ER)

- It is connected to the membrane to the nucleus - It synthesizes proteins that will be sent out of the cell - It has ribosomes bound to its membrane

Select all the choices that correctly describe the Golgi apparatus of the cell

- This organelle is part of the endomemebrane system - Proteins are modified by this organelle and repackaged into transport vesicles

Which descriptions apply to the chloroplast?

-A membrane-bound organelle with stacks of thylakoid discs called grana - The main site of photosynthesis in a plant cell

Biological membranes are present in all cells, and they make up the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells. Among other functions, they act as barriers that selectively allow the transport of small molecules and ions into and out of the cell or organelle. 1) Which of the choices best describes a biological membrane? 2) Which of the choices are components of biological membranes? Select all that apply

1) A bilayer containing lipids with hydrophilic head groups oriented toward the solvent (extracellular fluid and cytosol and hydrophobic tail groups pointing inward) 2) Proteins, lipids

Proteins are polymers of

Amino acids

Which statement is true of carbon-based molecules and silicon-based molecules?

Both carbon and silicon can form four covalent bonds.

What is the main difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-enclosed compartments

Biological macromolecules can be divided into four different classes. Which type of molecule is NOT a major class of biological molecules?

Fatty acids

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids that have head and tail regions. The phospholipid tail is hydrophobic and spontaneously orients to the inside of the membrane. Which of the phrases best describes the hydrophobic portion of a phospholipid?

Has few interactions with water

What is the MOST abundant element in human beings by percentage of total atoms?

Hydrogen

The three-dimensional structure is specified by

It's amino acid sequence and environment

Polysaccharides are polymers of

Monosaccharides

Nucleic acids are polymers of

Nucleotides

Classify each statement based on whether it describes prokaryotes only, eukaryotes only, or can describe both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Prokaryotes: Lack a discrete nucleus - Are generally less than 2 micro meters Eukaryotes: Multicellular - Have a true nucleus Both: Unicellular

Identify which features of polymeric structures apply to proteins or glycogen

Proteins: Linear Amino acid polymer Glycogen: Branched Glucose polymer

HW

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