Biol 120 Practice Test 1

MATCH:: A small leaf with a single leaf vein. 1234 The opening between the integuments in ovules where pollen tubes enter. 1234 Sperm producing structures found in non-vascular plants and seedless vascular plants. 1234 Egg producing structures found in non-vascular plants, seedless vascular plants and some gymnosperms. 1. archegonia 2. antheridia 3. microphyll 4. micropyle

3421

In the pine life cycle, microgametophyte development

A) is endosporic B) is preceded by the degeneration of three of the four microspores C) arrests following pollination D) takes over 15 months to complete E) takes place on the cone surface HINT: Selaginella differs from most SVP in this regard.

Of the phyla listed below, which 5 are members of the seed plants? 1. Coniferophyta, 2. Rhyniophyta, 3. Anthocerophyta, 4. Anthophyta, 5. Lycophyta, 6. Gnetophyta, 7. Psilotophyta, 8. Pterophyta, 9. Cycadophyta, 10. Sphenophyta, 11. Ginkgophyta

Answer for blank # 1:gnetophytaAnswer for blank # 2:ginkgophytaAnswer for blank # 3:cycadophytaAnswer for blank # 4:lycophytaAnswer for blank # 5:coniferophyta

_______ are plastids containing carotenoid pigments, whereas _______ are plastids containing starches.

Chromoplasts and Amyloplasts

True/False : The water-conducting cells of mosses are called leptoids while the food-conducting cells are called hydroids.

False

The world's largest and tallest plants Question options: belong to the phylum Gnetophyta none of the above are extinct are found in the southern hemisphere belong to the phylum Coniferophyta

HINT: Conifers include the world's tallest and largest plants. These trees grow primarily on the west coast of North America.

Members of the algae are considered ancestors of land plants because Question options: they have flagella they are prokaryotic they use the same photosynthetic pigments are plants they are heterotrophic they are unicellular

HINT: In class we discussed a few distinguishing traits (characters) that would aid in identifying candidate algal groups as ancestral to the land plants. These included being eukaryotic, having chlorophyll a and b and being multicellular. Algae are eukaryotes.

Ginkgo biloba has flagellated sperm is one of about a dozen living species in the phylum Ginkgophyta can only be found in botanical gardens produces poisonous, inedible seeds has needle-like leaves similar to Conifers

HINT: Ginkgo biloba is the only extant (still living) member of the phylum Ginkgophyta. These plants have remained relatively unchanged from ginkgo fossils that are 150 million years old. They are one of two Gymnosperm phyla that have retained flagellated sperm, a primitive character shared with the lower plants (NVPs and SVPs). The phylum contains only one living species.

Bryophytes typically have Question options: - a dominant multicellular diploid phase - vascular tissue - sporophytes that are physically much larger then the gametophyte - a dominant multicellular haploid phase - gametophytes that produce spores

HINT: Bryophytes are among the simplest and most primitive of the land plants. They are distinguished by the fact that they do NOT have conducting cells typical of higher plants. Generally, the sporophyte is equivalent in size to the gametophyte.

Which of the following statements is false? Question options: Double fertilization is a feature unique to the angiosperms. Gymnosperms have antheridia. Two phyla of gymnosperms do not produce flagellated sperm. Gymnosperms and angiosperms have sporophylls. In Angiosperms, the endosperm provides nutrition for the embryo.

HINT: The NVP, SVP and Gymnosperms have egg-producing archegonia. Gymnosperms do not have sperm-producing antheridia, however.

The___________ are the most successful and widespread of the seedless vascular plants. Question options: Pterophyta Lycophyta Psilotophyta Zosterophyta Sphenophyta

HINT: The ferns (Pterophyta) are the most successful and widespread of the SVP. There are approximately 11,000 living species. Megaphylls ('big' leaves) are probably the most important evolutionary innovation in aiding their relative success and longer term survival. They were the earliest land plants to have megaphylls.

Chloroplasts are thought to have evolved when heterotrophic eukaryotic cells established endosymbiotic relationships with Question options: photosynthetic viruses green algae photosynthetic prokaryotes photosynthetic protists autotrophic algae

HINT: Viruses are not living cells and do not photosynthesize. Prokaryotes were the first life-forms on earth and were the first cells to be capable of photosynthesis. Heterotrophic eukaryotic cells are thought to have engulfed photosynthetic prokaryotic cells and established symbiotic relationships (instead of digesting them!). Algae are eukaryotic cells and evolved after prokaryotes.

Which of the following statements is not true? Question options: Monocots and dicots do not share a common ancestor. Basil angiosperms make up 0.5% of living species. Some of our most important crop plants are monocots. Basil angiosperms have pollen grains with one opening. The evolutionary relationship between gymnosperms and angiosperms remains unclear.

Monocots and dicots do not share a common ancestor.

All phyla of seedless vascular plants

Produce lignins The reinforcement of cell walls with lignin was a major evolutionary innovation among land plants. By strengthening their cell walls (seedless vascular plants) SVPs could assume larger sizes and grow upward against gravity. This permitted more effective harvesting of light and gave the SVPs a selective advantage over NVPs (the Bryophytes). Although enations and megaphylls are found among members of the SVP, they are not traits common to all SVPs. These photosynthetic flaps are seen in the whisk ferns but are not common to all seedless vascular plants.

In flowers, the two innermost whorls of organs

Stamens and carpels

When you encounter a fern in the forest, you are most likely looking at the sporophyte. Question options:TrueFalse

TRUe

Which of the following are not characteristic of both angiosperms and gymnosperms?

cones or strobili

The Zosterophylls

evolved from the rhinophytes

In gymnosperm seeds, the embryo develops within the

megagametophyte tissues

Which feature/structure of plant cells most likely is not present in animal cells? Actin filaments Intermediate filaments Microtubules Phragmoplast Plasma membrane

phragmoplast

in wheat plants:

the shoot apical meristem is found near ground level for most of the growing season.