BIOL 142 - Chapter 16

Which of the neurons in the diagram would most likely pick up an itch sensation? A. A B. B C. C D. Both A and B E. All of these choices

A. A

Sensory receptors that are located in blood vessels and visceral organs and whose signals are not usually consciously perceived are the A. Interoceptors B. Exteroreceptors C. None of the answers selections are correct D. Proprioceptors E. Nociceptors

A. Interoceptors

The integration centers for sensations that are consciously perceived (like vision, smell, taste, and pain) are found in the A. cerebral cortex. B. thalamus. C. pontine nuclei. D. cerebellum. E. basal nuclei.

A. cerebral cortex.

Which proprioceptor monitors skeletal muscle length and will trigger a stretch reflex? A. muscle spindle B. tendon organs C. joint kinesthetic D. none of the above

A. muscle spindle

Which of the following is an example of a specialized sensory receptor cell that is known as a "separate cell"? A. photoreceptor cell in retina B. astrocyte C. Corpuscle of touch (Meissner corpuscle) D. lamellataed (Pacinian) corpuscle E. hair root plexus

A. photoreceptor cell in retina

Which of the following are proprioceptors found in the articular capsules of synovial joints? A.Kinesthetic receptors B.Muscle spindles C.Tactile receptors D.Gamma motor neurons E.Tendon organs

A.Kinesthetic receptors

Proprioception means awareness of A.body position. B.pain. C.body temperature. D.visual acuity. E.color vision.

A.body position.

What category of receptor cell is used to sense light? A.photoreceptor B.osmoreceptor C.thermoreceptor D.mechanoreceptor E.chemoreceptor

A.photoreceptor

How many sensory modalities can a single sensory neuron have? A. Thousands B. One C. Dozens D. None E. Hundreds

B. One

Which of the following does NOT occur during sleep? A. Dream during REM sleep. B. Sympathetic division of ANS is stimulated. C. Decreased blood pressure. D. Decreased heart rate. E. Skeletal muscle tone decreases.

B. Sympathetic division of ANS is stimulated.

Proprioception means awareness of A. color vision. B. body position. C. visual acuity. D. pain.

B. body position.

Which condition is a state of unconsciousness in which a person's responses to stimuli are reduced or absent? A. amnesia B. coma C. narcolepsy D. insomnia E. sleep apnea

B. coma

basal nuclei neurons: A. provide input to LMNs B. establish muscle tone C. all of the above D. none of the above

B. establish muscle tone

the Tectospinal Indirect Motor Pathway has nerve fibers that pass through the: A. vestibular nucleus B. superior colliculus of the Tectum C. red nucleus D. reticular formation

B. superior colliculus of the Tectum

memory consolidation is: A. the temporary ability to recall information B. the process of creating long term memories C. both are correct D. neither are correct

B. the process of creating long term memories

In a somatosensory map of the postcentral gyrus, fingers appear larger than the ankle because: A. the fingers do not appear larger B. there are more sensory receptors in the fingers C. the fingers have large motor units D. there are more sensory receptors in the ankle

B. there are more sensory receptors in the fingers

Which of the following receptors is NOT rapidly adapting? A. Meissner's corpuscle B. type I mechanoreceptors (tactile disc) C. hair root plexus D. pacinian corpuscle

B. type I mechanoreceptors (tactile disc)

Which of the following is NOT an event in the process of sensation? A.Integration of sensory input B.Activation of effector C.Stimulation of sensory receptors D.Transduction of the stimulus E.Generation of impulses

B.Activation of effector

Which labeled neuron conducts impulses from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex? (picture found on extra credit quiz) A.A B.C C.None of the answer selections are correct. D.More than one answer selection is correct. E.B

B.C

Which of the following statements about proprioception is INCORRECT? A.Proprioceptive sensations allow us to estimate the weight of certain objects. B.Proprioceptive sensations are used to activate the nervous system in response to threatening situations. C.Proprioceptors are slowly adapting receptors. D.Proprioceptors are embedded in muscles and tendons. E.Proprioceptive sensations allow us to determine position of body structures relative to each other.

B.Proprioceptive sensations are used to activate the nervous system in response to threatening situations.

Which of the following types of neurons conduct sensory impulses from the brain stem and spinal cord to the thalamus? A.Higher order neuron B.Second order neuron C.Fourth order neuron D.First order neuron E.Third order neuron

B.Second order neuron

What category of receptor cell is used to sense changes in the osmotic pressure of body fluids? A.chemoreceptor B.osmoreceptor C.photoreceptor D.mechanoreceptor E.thermoreceptor

B.osmoreceptor

Which of the following types of neurons have axons that extend from the brain to the lower motor neurons? A.somatic sensory neurons B.upper motor neurons C.preganglionic autonomic neurons D.postganglionic autonomic neurons E.primary neurons

B.upper motor neurons

Select the CORRECT statement about the Posterior Column-Medial Lemniscus Pathway. A. carries pain nerve impulses B. 2nd order neurons cross over in the spinal cord C. 1st order neurons travel up the posterior column D. All of the above are correct

C. 1st order neurons travel up the posterior column

Infants spend approximately 50% of their sleeping time in A. stage one NREM sleep. B. stage three NREM sleep. C. REM sleep. D. stage four NREM sleep. E. stage two NREM sleep.

C. REM sleep.

proprioceptive impulses that reach the cerebellum help to: A. refine skilled movements B. maintain posture C. all of the above D. none of the above

C. all of the above

What category of receptor cell is used to sense changes in the concentration of chemicals in body fluids? A. mechanoreceptor B. photoreceptor C. chemoreceptor D. thermoreceptor E. proprioceptor

C. chemoreceptor

Select the INCORRECT statement about the Direct Motor Pathways. A. there are corticospinal tracts B. axons extend from the primary motor cortex C. impulses travel through the reticular formation D. impulses result in precise movements

C. impulses travel through the reticular formation

Visceral pain that is felt in a body region that is supplied by the same spinal cord segment as the affected organ is called: A. deep somatic pain B. slow pain C. referred pain D. fast pain

C. referred pain

Which type of sensory receptor responds to stimuli resulting from physical or chemical damage to tissue? A.Mechanoreceptors B.Photoreceptors C.Nociceptors D.Proprioceptors E.Thermoreceptors

C.Nociceptors

What category of receptor cell is used to sense touch, vibration and pressure? A.photoreceptor B.thermoreceptor C.mechanoreceptor D.osmoreceptor E.chemoreceptor

C.mechanoreceptor

What do colored regions on body's surface in the diagram represent? (picture on extra credit quiz) A. Dermatomes B. Motor nuclei C. Regions of nociceptors D. Areas of referred pain E. Areas supplied by the primary somatosensory area

D. Areas of referred pain

Which of the following types of neurons conduct impulses from the peripheral somatic sensory receptors to the brain stem or spinal cord? A. Fourth order neuron B. Second order neuron C. Higher order neuron D. First order neuron E. Third order neuron

D. First order neuron

which of the following receptors are slowly adapting? A. nociceptors B. chemoreceptors C. proprioceptors D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Damage to the Broca's area: A. causes an inability to understand language B. causes receptive aphasia C. will not affect speech D. causes expressive aphasia

D. causes expressive aphasia

Which of the following type of neurons have their cell bodies in the spinal cord or brain stem and their axons terminating in neuromuscular junctions? A. preganglionic autonomic neurons B. upper motor neurons C. postganglionic autonomic neurons D. lower motor neurons E. somatic sensory neurons

D. lower motor neurons

Visceral pain results from stimulating A. lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles. B. proprioceptors. C. exteroreceptors. D. nociceptors. E. thermoreceptors.

D. nociceptors.

The reticular activating system receives input from everything, EXCEPT: A. pain B. noise C. light D. smell

D. smell

During the process of learning, the brain shows a characteristic called _____, which is the ability to change in response to intensive usage for a particular task like memorizing a page of physiology notes. A.bradykinesia B.palsy C.amnesia D.plasticity E.hypokinesia

D.plasticity

The postcentral gyri of the parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex A.receive visual information. B.provide the ability to move the eyeballs. C.are considered the primary gustatory area. D.receive body sensory information. E.control voluntary body movements.

D.receive body sensory information.

Which labeled neuron conducts impulses from the peripheral somatic receptors into the brain or spinal cord? (pic on extra credit quiz) A. B B. More than one answer selection is correct. C. None of the answer selections are correct. D. C E. A

E. A

Which of the following is a direct motor pathway? A. Anterior corticospinal tract B. Corticobulbar tract C. Lateral corticospinal tract D. Both Anterior corticospinal and Corticobulbar tract E. All of these choices

E. All of these choices

_____ is a term used to describe pain that is felt at a site remote from the place of origin. A. Slow pain B. Fast pain C. Visceral pain D. Sympathetic pain E. Referred pain

E. Referred pain

Which of the following types of neurons conduct impulses from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex? A. Higher order neuron B. First order neuron C. Fourth order neuron D. Second order neuron E. Third order neuron

E. Third order neuron

The process in which the frequency of nerve impulses in the first-order neuron decreases during prolonged stimulus is called A. selectivity. B. modality. C. perception. D. transduction. E. adaptation.

E. adaptation.

Which labeled neuron is considered to be a second-order neuron? (picture on extra credit quiz) A.C B.None of the answer selections are correct. C.More than one answer selection is correct. D.A E.B

E.B

The main function of muscle spindles is A.to sense muscle fatigue. B.to sense tension applied to a tendon. C.to perceive cutaneous sensations. D.to sense referred pain. E.to sense changes in muscle length.

E.to sense changes in muscle length.

3rd order neurons carry motor information to the primary somatosensory cortex. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Sensation is the awareness of only the external environment. TRUE OR FASE

FALSE

Special Senses include: taste, touch, vision, smell, and hearing. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Trigeminothalamic Pathway involves the Accessory Nerve (XI). TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

a Meissner's Corpuscle is stimulated by cold. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Match the receptor with the type of sensation. Meissner's corpuscle hair root plexus type II mechanoreceptors (ruffini corpuscle) Pacinian Corpuscle A.hair movement B.pressure C.touch D.skin stretching

Meissner's corpuscle - C.touch hair root plexus - A.hair movement type II mechanoreceptors (ruffini corpuscle) - D.skin stretching Pacinian Corpuscle - B.pressure

2nd order neurons synapse with 3rd order neurons at the thalmus. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

A specific stimulus only activates a certain sensory receptor. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

For a sensation to be perceived, nerve impulses must reach the cerebral cortex. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Indirect Motor Pathways are polysynaptic. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Lower Motor Neurons innervate skeletal muscles. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

heat and cold receptors are found in the skin. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

temperatures below 10 degrees Celcius will stimulate nociceptors. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

Match the receptor with the type of nerve ending. a. free nerve ending or b. encapsulated nerve ending itch receptor Pacinian Corpuscle tickle receptor type II mechanoreceptors (ruffini corpuscle)

itch receptor - a. free nerve ending Pacinian Corpuscle - b. encapsulated nerve ending tickle receptor - a. free nerve ending type II mechanoreceptors (ruffini corpuscle) - b. encapsulated nerve ending

Match the receptor with the type of stimulus. nociceptor. a. light photoreceptor. b. chemical chemoreceptor. c. body position proprioceptor. d. pain

nociceptor. d. pain photoreceptor. a. light chemoreceptor. b. chemical proprioceptor. c. body position