BIOL 242: Reproductive for FINAL EXAM

Testosterone production is turned on in a male bay during which week of gestation? A. 4th B.8th C. 12th D. 16th E 20th

8th week

ID the hormones that target: endometrium

A and B: Estrogen and progesterone

ID the hormones that target: Osteoblast

A and C (e) estrogen and testosterone

ID the hormones that target: Reproductive systerm

A and C (e) estrogen and testosterone

ID the hormones that target: brain

A and C : Estrogen and Testosterone

While a sperm carries no (or few) nutrients inside its cell wall and an egg - prior to fertilization A. A sperm can live 3-6x longer than a typical egg - prior to fertilization B. An egg can live about 3 - 6 x longer prior to fertilization than a typical sperm C. There is little difference in the longevity prior to fertilization

A sperm can live about 3 - 6 times longer than a typical egg - prior to fertilization - A

Neural tube disorders risk factors include A. Advanced maternal age B. Excess take of vitamin A by pregnant mothers C. inadequate intake of folic acid by pregnant mothers d. All of the above E B and C

All of the above 1. Advanced maternal age 2. Excess of vitamin A intake by pregnant mothers 3. Inadequate intake of folic a acid by pregnant mothers

The cells of the ovarian follicle and the interstitial cells of the testes have in common the fact that both A. Are influenced by the same pituitary hormone B. Are physically located near the place where gamates are being produced C. Produce hormones D. All of the above E A and B but not C

All of the above: = D 1. Are both influenced by the same pituitary hormone 2. Are physically near the place where the hamate's are being produced 3. Produce hormones

Irreversible fetal defects can be caused by the mothers use of A. Alcohol B. Cocaine C. Tobacco D. Medications E. All of the above

All the above: E 1. Alcohol 2. Cocaine 3. Tobacco 4. Medications

Statistical men do better with:

Analyzing complex visual patterns Mathematic reasoning and logic Mental manipulation of 3D objects Perceptual speed Target directed motor skills

Source: LH

Anterior pituitary

Target organ or tissue (with receptors) for each of the following hormones: Gonadotropin releasing hormone

Anterior pituitary

At what time do the male baby and female baby begin to become phenotypically different from each other? A. At conception B. at first evidence of cellular differentiation C. At implantation D. @ 8 weeks of gestation E. At birth

At 8th week of gestation - D

If this event from the previous question does not occur, the baby will be (phenotypically) A. A boy B. A girl C. Neither

B- a girl

Synonym: Greater vestibular

Bartholin

At what stage does implantation begin? A. Blastocyst B. Embryo C. Fetus D. Morula E. Zygote

Blastocyst - A

At what stage of development is HCG first produced: A. Blastocyst B. Embryo C. Fetus D. Morula E. Zygote

Blastocyst - A

During which stage of human development is implantation initiated? A. Blastocyst B. Embryo C. Fetus D. Morula E. Placenta

Blastocyst - A

Which of the following cannot pass through the placental barriers? A. Amino acids b. Antibodies C. blood cells D. Gases e. glucose

Blood cells - C

Caffeine intake by pregnant women A. has no effect on the baby B. Can cause Down syndrome in the baby C. Can caused decreased birth weight in the baby D. Does not have noticeable effects on birth weight if the mother smokes E - both c and d

Both C and D - D C. Can cause decreased birth weight of the baby D. Does not have noticeable effects on birth weight if the mother smokes

Target organ or tissue (with receptors) for each of the following hormones: Oxytocin

Breasts

Target organ or tissue (with receptors) for each of the following hormones: prolactin

Breasts

It has been noted that there are slight differences between the structure of the typical female brains. These differences include all the following except: A. Broca's area B. Cerebral cortex C. Corpus callousness D. Hypothalamus

Broca's area

Which of the following does NOT add a product that makes a major contribution to semen A. Bulburethral gland B. Prostate C. Seminal Vesicles D. Testes

Bulburethral gland - A

Comes in pairs A. corpus cavernous B.Corpus spongiousum C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor b

Corpus cavernosum - A

Target organ or tissue (with receptors) for each of the following hormones: HCG Human chorionic gonadotropin

Corpus luteum

Source Estrogen

Corpus luteum Granulosa cells Ovaries: follicle and granulosa cells Placenta - trohphoblastic cells

Glans penis: A. Clitoris B. Corpus cavernosum C. Corpus spongiosum D. A and B E. A and C only

Corpus spongiousum - C

Synonym: Bulburethral

Cowper's gland

The product of the Bartholin gland in the females is similar to product of the males A. Cowper's gland B. prostate c. Seminal versicles D. Testes

Cowper's gland (Bulburethral gland) - A

the size of the female breast A. Important to determine success feeding a baby B. Is influenced by genetics C. Tends to be larger in the presence of increased amounts of estrogen D. All of the above E. B and C only

E - b and c. Genetics and estrogen amounts

Erectile tissue A. clitoris B. corpus cavernosum C. Corpus spogiosum D. Both A and B E.. A, B and C

E -Clitoris, corpus cavernous, corpus spongiosum

ID the hormones that target: Adipose tissue

Estrogen

ID the hormones that target: Lactiferous ducts

Estrogen

ID the hormones that target: nipples of breast

Estrogen

ID the hormones that target: secondary sexual characteristics

Estrogen and testosterone

Synonym: Leydig

Interstitial cells

Which of the following produces the male sex hormones: a. Corpus luteum B. Developing follicles of the testes C. Interstitial cells d. Seminal vesicles E Sertoli cells

Interstitial cells - C

Most organs systems are operational in the fetus by 4 to 6 mos. Which system is the most notable exception to the generalization affecting premature infant? A. Circulatory system B. The digestive system C. The pulmonary system d. The urinary system

The pulmonary system - C

source of testosterone

Testes

Homologous: ovary

Testis

Target: LH

Testis: Interstitial cells Ovaries: Ovum and Graaffian follicles

In many ways the male baby and female baby are indistinguishable during the first month of pregnancy. One thing that is clearly different about the 2 is A. The presence of reproductive system b. Presence of Y chromosome C. Presence of an X chromosome D. The extra genitalia present E. The type of gonads present

The presences of the Y chromosome

The usual site of embryo implantation is the A. peritoneal cavity B. Uterine tube c. uterus D. Vagin

Uterus - C

Synonym: Ductus deferens

Vas deferens

Homologous: labia minora

Ventral penis

Which occurs as a result of non descent of the testes? A. Inadequate blood supply will retard the development of the testes B. Male sex hormones will not be circulated in the body C. Sperm have no means to exit the body D. Viable sperm will not be produced

Viable sperm will not be produced. - D

What event or activity triggers this phenotypical change (in previous question)? A. the selection of sperm by the ovum at conception B. The chance of becoming 1 a cell in inner cell mass or 2 a trophoblastic ells C. The formation of the neural tube D. Whether or not the bay produces testosterone

Whether or not the baby produces testosterone

Secondary sex characteristics are A. A result of male or female sex hormones increasing in amount at puberty B. no subject to withdrawal wen established C. Present in the embryo D. The testis in the male and the ovary in the female

a result of male or female sex hormones increasing in amount at puberty - A

Source: FSH

anterior pituitary

Source: Interstitial cell stimulating hormone

anterior pituitary

Source: prolactin

anterior pituitary

The menstrual cycle can be divided into three continuous phases. Starting from the first day of the cycle, their consecutive order is A. Menstrual, proliferative, secretory B. Menstrual, secretory, proliferative C. Proliferative, menstrual, secretory D. Secretory, menstrual, proliferative E. Secretory, proliferative, menstrual

menses, proliferative, secretory - A

The corpus luteum is formed at the site of a. Fertilization B. Implantation C. Menstration D. Ovulation

ovulation -D

60% of the volume of semen comes from the A. Cowper's gland B. the prostate C. Seminal vesicles D. Testes

seminal vesicles - C

Synonym: Sertoli

sustenticular

The sex of a child is determined by the A. number of sperm fertilizing the oocyte B. Position of the fetus in the uterus C. Sex chromosome contained in the oocyte D. Sex chromosome contained in the sprerm e. none of the above

the sex chromosome contained in the sperm - D

source of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

hypothalamus

The length of the epididymis is A. 20 cm B. 20 inches C. 20 feet

20 feet - C

Transit time for the sperm through the epididymis is about A. 20 minutes B. 2 hours C. 20 hours D. 20 Days E. 2 weeks

20 hours* - C

Typically there is a window during women's menstrual cycle during which she can get pregnant. The window lasts about A. 24 hours B. 48 hours C. 3-6 days D. 1 week E. Two weeks

3 -6 days - c

T/F Introitus is the process of inserting the penis into the vagina

False

Statistically women do better with:

Fine motor skills Remembering things that are out of order Verbal fluency Perceptual speed

Synonyms: prepuce

Foreskin

The number of years for fertility is on average A. Greater for the female B. Greater for the male C. The same for the female as the male

Greater for the male - b

Source: Oxytocin

Hypothalamus (stored in posterior pituitary)

Cycles are a dominant them in female productive physiology. What organ in the female is ultimately responsible for this cyclic nature? A. Anterior pituitary B . Breasts C. Hypothalamus D. Ovaries E. Placenta`

Hypothalamus c

What causes the organ responsible or the cyclic nature of female reproductive physiology to be cyclic A. Genetics or heredity B. Epigenetics C. Exposure to progesterone during fetal development D. Lack of exposure to testosterone during fetal development

Lack of exposure to testosterone during fetal development - D

Synonym: Interstitial cell stimulating hormone

Luteinizing hormone

In terms of percentage births: A. Female babies out number males by 5% B. Male babies out number females by 5% C. The number of female and male babies is about the same

Male babies out number female babies by ~5% - B

How many women ovulate on day 14 of their menstrual cycle , where day 1 is the first day of menses A. All B. Few C. Many D. Most > 50% E. none

Many - C

The structures that move an ovulated oocyte into and through the female duct system do NOT include: A. Cilia B. Fimbriae C. Microvilli

Microvilli - C

T/F The nipples of the female breast become erectile when stimulated by

NO F All true ANS Cold Sexual stimulation Touch

Which system is the first to start developing int the baby, starting shortly after the first missed menstrual period following conception? A. Cardiovascular B. Nervous C. pulmonary D. reproductive

Nervous- B

Target: FSH

Ovarian follicle cells: Granulosa cells Testes: Sustenocytes- Sertoli cells

Spermatozoa are related to seminiferous tubules as oocytes are related to a. corpora lutes B. Corpus albicans C. Fimbriae d. Ovarian follicles

Ovarian follicles - D

Source: progesterone

Ovaries - corpus luteum cells Placenta: trophoblastic cells

Homologous: Clitoris

PEnis

Source: hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)

Placenta

ID the hormones that target: Mammary glands

Progesterone

Homologous: labia majora

Scrotum

Homologous: ovum

Sperm

A functional motile gamate is the: A. Oocyte B. Ovum c. Sperm D. spermatic E. spermatogonium

Sperm - c

One can most accurately predict for the female the A. Age of menarche B. Age of menopause c. Length of menstrual cycle D. time of onset from menses to ovulation E. Time of ovulation form the onset of menses

Time from ovulation to the onset of menses - E

(T/F) Each nipple of the female breast has one lactiferous duct to the skin from each lobe of the mammary gland

True

T/F The clitoris shares many of the properties of the penis except for size and function

True

T/F although a woman usually ovulates less than 500 x in a lifetime, she is born with nearly a million eggs

True

T/F although only one sperm is allowed to fertilize a given ovum, a man produces about 90 million sperm a day

True

T/F Adipose tissue is the single most important variable in determining the breast size in non pregnant non lactating female

True T

Synonym: Fallopian tubes

Uterine

Contains the urethra A. Corpus cavernosum B. Corpus spongiosum C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor b

corpus spongiosum - b