Biol Exam 4 Ch. 33-34

a shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of? A) chelicerae. B) an open circulatory system. C) an exoskeleton. D) a cuticle. E) a cephalothorax.

chelicerae

while working in your garden, you discover a worm-like, segmented animal with 2 pairs of jointed legs per segment. The animal is probably a? A) millipede. B) caterpillar. C) centipede. D) polychaete worm. E) sow bug.

A) millipede

which molluscan class includes chitons? A) Polyplacophora B) Bivalvia C) Cephalopoda D) Gastropoda E) both C and D

A) polyplacophora

A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share A) a mantle. B) a radula. C) gills. D) embryonic torsion. E) distinct cephalization.

A) a mantle

Although a diverse group, all cnidarians are characterized by A) a gastrovascular cavity. B) an alternation between a medusa and a polyp stage. C) some degree of cephalization. D) muscle tissue of mesodermal origin. E) the complete absence of asexual reproduction.

A) a gastrovascular cavity

Water movement through a sponge would follow what path? A) porocyte → spongocoel → osculum B) blastopore → gastrovascular cavity → protostome C) choanocyte → mesohyl → spongocoel D) porocyte → choanocyte → mesohyl E) collar cell → coelom → porocyte

A) porocyte → spongocoel → osculum

which of the following is a characteristic of adult echinoderms? A) secondary radial symmetry B) spiral cleavage during early embryonic development C) gastrovascular cavity D) exoskeleton E) a lophophore

A) secondary radial symmetry

Which of these characteristics added most to vertebrate success in relatively dry environments? A) the amniotic egg B) the ability to maintain a constant body temperature C) two pairs of appendages D) claws E) a four-chambered heart

A) the amniotic egg

While snorkeling, a student observes an active marine animal that has a series of muscular tentacles bearing suckers associated with its head. Segmentation is not observed, but a pair of large, well-developed eyes is evident. The student is observing an animal belonging to which class? A) Gastropoda B) Cephalopoda C) Polyplacophora D) Polychaeta E) Bivalvia

B) Cephalopoda

which class of phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with rounded (as opposed to box-like) medusae? A) Hydrozoa B) Scyphozoa C) Anthozoa D) Cubozoa E) Both A and C are referred to as "jellies."

B) Scyphozoa

Why is the amniotic egg considered an important evolutionary breakthrough? It A) has a shell that increases gas exchange. B) allows incubation of eggs in a terrestrial environment. C) prolongs embryonic development. D) provides insulation to conserve heat. E) permits internal fertilization to be replaced by external fertilization.

B) allows incubation of eggs in a terrestrial environment

what are the cells in a sponge that are primarily responsible for trapping food particles from circulation water? A) amoebocytes B) choanocytes C) mesohyl cells D) pore cells (porocytes) E) epidermal cells

B) choanocytes

a radially symmetrical animal that has 2 embryonic layers belongs to which phylum? A) Porifera B) Cnidaria C) Platyhelminthes D) Nematoda E) Echinodermata

B) cnidaria

What is one characteristic that separates chordates from all other animals? A) true coelom B) dorsal, hollow nerve cord C) blastopore, which becomes the anus D) bilateral symmetry E) segmentation

B) dorsal, hollow nerve cord

What is the single unique characteristic that distinguishes extant birds from other extant animals? A) a hinged jaw B) feathers C) an amniotic egg D) flight E) a gizzard

B) feathers

The water vascular system of echinoderms: A) functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells. B) functions in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange. C) is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal has radial anatomy. D) moves water through the animal's body during suspension feeding. E) is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms.

B) functions in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange

Which is not characteristic of all mammals? A) a four-chambered heart that prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood B) giving birth to live young (viviparous) C) having hair during at least some period of life D) having glands to produce nourishing milk for offspring E) having a diaphragm to assist in ventilating the lungs

B) giving birth to live young (viviparous)

According to one hypothesis, the jaws of vertebrates were derived by the modification of: A) scales of the lower lip. B) skeletal rods that had supported pharyngeal (gill) slits. C) one or more gill slits. D) one or more of the bones of the cranium. E) one or more of the vertebrae.

B) skeletal rods that had supported pharyngeal (gill) slits

Pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first as: A) the digestive system's opening. B) suspension-feeding devices. C) components of the jaw. D) gill slits for respiration. E) portions of the inner ear.

B) suspension-feeding devices

What do hagfishes and lampreys have in common with the extinct conodonts? A) lungs B) the jawless condition C) bony vertebrae D) their mode of feeding E) swim bladders

B) the jawless condition

Which one of these chordate groups lacks a post-anal tail and a notochord as adults? A) lancelets B) tunicates C) amphibians D) mammals E) reptiles

B) tunicates

the members of which class of the phylum Cnidaria occur ONLY as polyps? A) Hydrozoa B) Scyphozoa C) Anthozoa D) Cubozoa E) both B and D

C) Anthozoa

in a small steam, you pick up a rock and observe many small, flattened worms crawling on its undersurface. You decide that they belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes. To which class do that probably belong? A) Cestoda B) Monogenea C) Turbellaria D) Trematoda E) Hirudinea

C) Turbellaria

which of the following is a correct statement about members of the phylum Cnidaria? A) are not capable of locomotion because they lack true muscle tissue. B) are primarily filter feeders. C) have either or both of two body forms: mobile polyps and sessile medusae. D) may use a gastrovascular cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton. E) are the simplest organisms with a complete alimentary canal (two openings).

C) have either or both of 2 body forms: mobile polyps and sessile medusae

nematodes are most closely related to: A) flatworms. B) arthropods. C) rotifers. D) annelids. E) chordates.

C) rotifers

corals are most closely related to which group? A) jellies B) freshwater hydras C) sea anemones D) sponges E) barnacles

C) sean anemones

which of these statements is true of sponges? A) They have an open circulatory system. B) They are segmented animals. C) They have no true tissues. D) Food is digested within a gastrovascular cavity. E) They are pseudocoelomates

C) they have no trust tissues

Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body? A) Cnidaria B) Platyhelminthes C) Porifera D) Arthropoda E) Mollusca

D) Arthropoda

which molluscan class includes members that undergo embryonic torsion? A) Polyplacophora B) Bivalvia C) Cephalopoda D) Gastropoda E) All molluscan classes have this characteristic.

D) Gastropoda

Which of these statements accurately describes a similarity between sharks and fishes? A) The skin is typically covered by flattened bony scales. B) They are equally able to exchange gases with the environment while stationary. C) They are highly maneuverable due to their flexibility. D) They have a lateral line that is sensitive to changes in water pressure. E) A swim bladder helps control buoyancy.

D) They have a lateral line that is sensitive to changes in water pressure

what is a distinctive feature of the chondrichthyans? A) an amniotic egg B) unpaired fins C) an acute sense of vision that includes the ability to distinguish colors D) a cartilaginous endoskeleton E) lack of jaws

D) a cartilanginous endoskeleton

which characteristic is shared by both cnidarians and flatworms? A) dorsoventrally flattened bodies B) flame cells C) radial symmetry D) a digestive system with a single opening E) both A and D

D) a digestive system with a single opening

Chondrichthyans can be distinguished from osteichthyans by the A) presence in osteichthyans of a skull. B) presence in osteichthyans of a lateral line system. C) presence in condrichthyans of unpaired fins. D) absence in chondrichthyans of a swim bladder and lungs. E) absence in chondrichthyans of paired sensory organs.

D) absence in chondrichthyans of a swim bladder and lungs

which of the following are the only extant animals that descended directly from dinosaurs? A) lizards B) crocodiles C) snakes D) birds E) mammals

D) birds

Which of the following is not a characteristic of most members of the phylum Annelida? A) hydrostatic skeleton B) segmentation C) metanephridia D) pseudocoelom E) closed circulatory system

D) pseudocoelom

grasshoppers respire via: A) their skin. B) nephridia. C) book lungs. D) spiracles and tracheae. E) Malpighian tubules.

D) spiracles and trachae

While vacationing in a country that lacks adequate meat inspection, a student ate undercooked ground beef. Sometime later the student became easily fatigued, and lost body weight. At about the same time, whitish, flattened, rectangular objects full of small white spheres started appearing in his feces. Administration of niclosamide cured the problem. The student had probably been infected by a A) pinworm. B) hookworm. C) nematode. D) tapeworm. E) proboscis worm.

D) tapeworm

Mammals and living birds share all of the following characteristics except A) endothermy. B) descent from a common amniotic ancestor. C) a dorsal, hollow nerve cord. D) teeth specialized for diverse diets. E) the ability of some species to fly.

D) teeth specialized for divers diets

Which of these are characteristics of all chordates during at least a portion of their development? A) a dorsal, hollow nerve cord B) pharyngeal clefts C) post-anal tail D) A and B only E) A, B, and C

E) A, B, and C

which of the following is not found in annelids (earthworms)? A) a hydrostatic skeleton B) segmentation C) a digestive system with separate mouth and anus D) a closed circulatory system E) a cuticle made of chitin

E) a cuticle made of chitin

all of the following are characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria except: A) a gastrovascular cavity. B) a polyp stage. C) a medusa stage. D) cnidocytes. E) a pseudocoelom.

E) a psudocoelom

all of the following characterize the phylum Rotifera except: A) a complete digestive tract. B) a crown of cilia at the anterior end that resembles a wheel. C) parthenogenic reproduction. D) a life cycle stage that is resistant to desiccation. E) a relatively large size.

E) a relatively large size

Which of the following is not a shared characteristic of all chordates? A) pharyngeal clefts B) post-anal tail C) notochord D) dorsal, hollow nerve cord E) four-chambered heart

E) four-chambered heart

Differentiation of teeth is greatest in: A) sharks. B) bony fishes. C) amphibians. D) reptiles. E) mammals.

E) mammals

which of these is a characteristic of sea stars? A) a closed circulatory system B) nephridia C) a brain D) two tissue layers E) tube feet

E) tube feet