Biology 101 test 2
The number of electrons in carbon's outermost shell is
4
If an atom of an element has 7 electrons, how many electrons does it have in its outermost shell?
5
If an atom of an element has 7 electrons, how many protons does it have?
7
Central vacuole of plants large vesicle for storage and support warehouse
Vacuoles
Which of the following is NOT a carbohydrate?
a steroid
Biological control is
a way to grow crops without using pesticides
The support fibers of a plant are made of
cellulose
Which of the following is NOT found in an animal cell?
chloroplast
When electrons are shared between atoms it is referred to as a ________ bond
covalent
The combination of overgrazing, over-cultivation and deforestation is referred to as
desertification
The type of bond that can result with atoms that have gained or lost electrons
ionic
A salt molecule is held together by
ionic bonds
What is the distinguishing characteristic of an ion?
it has a charge (+ or -)
What can you say about the condition of the outermost shell of an atom which will not react with another atom?
its outermost shell is filled with electrons
Acid rain is defined as any rain that has a pH of
less than 5.5
The type of molecule that forms the bilayer of the cell membrane
lipid
Which of the following is NOT soluble in water?
lipid
In aquatic environments, the life zone tends to be near the surface because of
little light lower down
The organelle that gets rid of cellular wastes
lysosome
Sac containing strong chemicals for digestion of molecules w/in cell and self destruction of entire cell
lysosomes
All organelles have
membranes
The powerhouse of the cell is the
mitochondria
Nucleic acids are composed of repeating subunits called
nucleotides
Prokaryote cells have no
nucleus
Eutrophication of lakes is caused by
nutrient input
Eutrophication is the result of
nutrient overload
If the wind is blowing in off the ocean onto the land and up over a mountain range, where are you likely to find a desert?
on the side of the mountain away from the ocean
Salinization results from
overuse of irrigation
Burning of fossil fuels contributes to all of the following EXCEPT
ozone depletion
The main component of municipal solid wastes is
paper
The type of bond found in a single water molecule
polar covalent
Which of the following is NOT a polymer of glucose?
sucrose
Acid Rain make-up
sulfur and nitric acid from car and power plant emssisions
Which of the following forest soils would have the smallest amount of organic material in the upper layer?
tropical rain forest
The organelle in which cell materials are transported
vesicle
Grain crops could feed _______ times more people if eaten directly rather than being fed to cows.
10
Fossil fuels are expected to last
100-300 years
Higher concentration of hydrogen ions pH value less than 7
Acids
Lower concentration of hydrogen atoms pH value greater than 7
Bases
The chemical that does the most damage to the ozone layer is
CFC's
Biochemical Groups (4)
Carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids
only found in photosynthetic cells (plants) site of photosynthesis green-contain chlorophyll
Chloroplasts
hair-like around the cell involved with movement
Cilia
-Keeps cell shape -mesh of fibers -involved with cell movement
Cytoskeleton
50% of tropical rain forests gone loss of biodiversity because of it reduces precipitation
Deforestation
Rough- has ribosomes, involved with protein synthesis Smooth- no ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The earth has never been warmer than it is today.
False
subunits are fatty acids fatty acids are long carbon chains saturated (hydrogenated)- solids, comes from animals unsaturated- oils, come from plants
Fats
Belts of warm air rise from the tropics, cool and lose their moisture and fall as dry air at 30 degrees north and south creating deserts
Global air circulation patterns
The organelle that packages and distributes cell materials
Golgi complex
Carbon dioxide, methane
Greenhouse Gasses
What happens to air in the tropics?
It rises and flows north and south.
fats, waxes, oils, steroids, phospholipids not soluble in water
Lipids
The base of the food chain in lake and oceans is
Phytoplankton
DNA and RNA- important in genetics Subunits called Nucleotides 5 types: A,G,T,C,U Nucleotide essential to metabolism ATP- cell's energy
Nucleic Acids
Genetic control of all cell activities Home of DNA Surrounded by membrane with pores Also contains nucleolus- makes ribosomes
Nucleus
Bacteria No nucleus or organelles
Prokaryotic Cells
Which of the following is NOT a letter designating a type of nucleotide?
R
Protein synthesis takes places in the
RER
Relationship between climate and vegetation
Temperature and rainfall patterns determine what biome will be there
What is a biome that consists of few trees and is found in upper Canada
Tundra
Saturated fats are found primarily in
animals
Deserts of the world are found
at 30 degrees north and south latitude
A group of organisms whose cells lack organelles
bacteria
Organic molecules are defined as those having
carbon
One of the greenhouse gases whose concentration has increased significantly in the last 100 years is
carbon dioxide
Which of the following is NOT found in an animal cell?
cell wall
Long hair-like structures that move cells, such as sperm cells are called
flagella
The type of bond that holds neighboring water molecules to one another
hydrogen
The Ogalalla aquifer is located
in the states east of the Rocky mountains
Enzymes are composed of
proteins
Hair and fingernails are composed of
proteins
Atoms of different elements in the periodic table differ from each other in the number of
protons, neutrons and electrons
One can predict what biome will be in an area by knowing the _______ of the area.
rainfall and temperature patterns
We have seasons because
the earth is tilted on its axis of rotation
It is warmer at the equator because
the equator receives more direct rays from the sun
In salt, the ions of chlorine and sodium are held to each other because
the sodium has a positive charge and the chlorine has a negative charge and opposite charges attract each other
A biome is primarily defined by
the vegetation that is found there