Biology 101 With A Lab Ch. 16 Reproduction, Development and Survival in Animals
Forty sperm are made by the end of spermatogenesis. How many spermatogonium entered meiosis?
10
There are ______ types of survivorship curves.
3
Which of the following describes a zygote?
A fertilized ovum.
What are the three basic components of a functional mature sperm cell?
A flagellum, a nucleus, and an acrosome
What is a survivorship curve?
A graph that measures the proportion of individuals in a given species that are alive at different ages.
What is the name of the outermost germ layer of cells in the early embryo?
Ectoderm
From the beginning of a pregnancy, the environment inside the mother's uterus changes to create the perfect surrounding of protection, development and nourishment of the growing fetus. The layers and tissues that surround the fetus are collectively known as the:
Extraembryonic membranes
Select the set of events, in chronological order, as they occur during sexual reproduction in multicellular animals.
Gametogenesis, fertilization, cleavage, formation of the three primary germ layers, organogenesis
Type _____ survivorship curve shows constant mortality rates throughout life.
II
The layer called the chorion not only provides the connection between mother and fetus but also performs another function during the first trimester of a pregnancy. What is that function?
It secretes a hormone essential in helping the uterus maintain pregnancy during the first trimester.
During oogenesis, when does the first meiotic division take place?
Just before ovulation.
Which of these cells only exists in the fallopian tube?
Ovum
What is the function of the acrosome?
Penetrate the outer layers of the ovum.
Which of the following is a somatic cell?
Sertoli cell
Which of the following is a somatic cell?
Sertoli cells are somatic cells of the seminiferous tubules that support and provide nutrients to the various sperm precursors.
Select the statement that is TRUE about animal reproduction and development.
Some multicellular organisms can reproduce by both sexual and asexual reproduction.
How would you describe the purpose and function of the amnion and amniotic fluid?
The amnion is like a balloon surrounding the fetus that is filled with amniotic fluid. Together they protect the fetus, maintain body temperature, support lung development, and provide space for it to move around.
Which axis organizes the body from head to tail?
The anteroposterior axis
In the early embryo, how are the positions of the mesoderm and endoderm different?
The mesoderm is the middle layer of the cells, while the endoderm is the innermost layer.
Julie is newly pregnant and visits her OB/GYN. Her doctor explains an essential layer of connection between mother and fetus. This attachment is a mixture of extraembryonic and maternal tissue that makes possible the transport of nutrients, oxygen, antibodies, and other materials to the fetus. It also allows for the removal of waste. What is Julie's doctor explaining?
The placenta
The following image shows a diagram of spermatogenesis, the process by which male gametes, known as sperm, are created. How is this process different from oogenesis?
The result of oogenesis is only one gamete, while the result of spermatogenesis is four gametes.
Which of the following is true about sperm?
They are haploid and have one copy of each chromosome.
The allantois becomes which structure or structures that allow the transport of essential nutrients and other materials to and from the fetus?
Umbilical arteries and veins
he allantois becomes which structure or structures that allow the transport of essential nutrients and other materials to and from the fetus?
Umbilical arteries and veins
In humans, when are primary oocytes made?
When the female is still just a fetus.
The _____ is the innermost germ layer of cells in the early embryo.
endoderm
The structure within the ovary in which a primary oocyte grows and develops is called the _____.
follicle
Which of the following is a function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?
it forms a cap over the nucleus to penetrate the outer layers of the ovum.
Which of the following is produced during oogenesis?
ova
Sea turtles lay hundreds of eggs with the hope that a few of their offspring will survive to adulthood. This is an example of which type of survivorship curve?
type 3
28 Elephants have a high probability of living into middle age and adulthood. After becoming adults, their chances of dying increase greatly. Which type of survivorship curve depicts an elephant's life?
type I
Small mammals, such as rabbits, have many predators and are often hunted by humans or killed on the roadways. They often die at various ages. This is an example of which type of survivorship?
type II
