biology 1406 chapter 4

Which of the following descriptions or structures does not match the cell type? Sperm cells have flagella. Nerve cells have long, thin extensions. Epithelial cells are rectangular. White blood cells can change shape. All of the above are correct.

All of the above are correct.

The function of the plasma membrane is to: serve as a highly selective barrier. completely isolate the cell from the external environment. equalize the chemical composition inside and outside the cell. allow cells to accumulate materials and energy. Both A and D.

Both A and D.

Which cell structure would not be in a prokaryotic cell, but would be found in a eukaryotic cell? cell wall flagellum ribosomes Golgi complex DNA

Golgi complex

One function of peroxisomes involves the process of: cell death. water storage. protein synthesis. DNA replication. detoxification.

detoxification.

The ratio of the size of the image seen with the microscope to the actual size of the object is: magnification. resolution. resolving power. centrifugation. None of the above.

magnification.

All of the following functions are performed by plant vacuoles except: maintaining hydrostatic (turgor) pressure. waste storage and recycling. storage of proteins. breakdown of unneeded cellular materials. storage of nucleic acids.

storage of nucleic acids.

Which of the following is not a cell covering or part of a cell covering? glycocalyx extracellular matrix cristae cell wall integrins

cristae

Electron microscopes have a much higher resolution than either the human eye or any light microscope because: of their higher magnification. the lenses used are of much higher quality. of the very short (nanometer) wavelengths of electrons. the images are viewed on screens, rather than directly using an eyepiece or ocular lens. All of the above.

All of the above.

The smallest unit that can carry out all activities we associate with life is: atom. organelle. cell. tissue. organ.

cell

A cellular structure found in plant but not animal cells is the: chloroplast. ribosome. endoplasmic reticulum. microtubule. microfilament.

chloroplast

The theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria had their evolutionary beginnings in eukaryotic cells as endosymbionts is supported by all of the following except: chloroplasts and mitochondria are completely autonomous within eukaryotic cells. chloroplasts and mitochondria have DNA. chloroplasts and mitochondria have small ribosomes for protein synthesis. chloroplasts and mitochondria are approximately the same size as prokaryotic cells. chloroplasts and mitochondria have the same shape as prokaryotic cells.

chloroplasts and mitochondria have the same shape as prokaryotic cells.

Which of the following is a key component of the cytoskeleton? membranes microtubules DNA ribosomes

microtubules

Which of the following organelles plays an important role in apoptosis, or programmed cell death? ribosomes mitochondria chloroplasts vacuoles peroxisomes

mitochondria

Membrane-bounded organelles facilitate faster chemical reactions because: reactants are within close proximity to each other. membranes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. membrane-bounded organelles act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. reactants move faster within membrane-bounded organelles. reactants are less likely to encounter each other within membrane-bounded organelles.

reactants are within close proximity to each other.

Which of the following is not found in single celled organisms? atoms cells tissues Neither A nor B is found in single celled organisms. Neither A, nor B, nor C is found in single celled organisms.

tissues

During an infection, white blood cells travel to the infected site and phagocytize the pathogens. After phagocytosis, primary lysosomes fuse with the phagocytic vesicle to form a larger vesicle called a secondary lysosome. The reason for this is: to introduce antibodies to the phagocytic vesicles. to wrap the pathogen in additional membrane, rendering them harmless. to coat the bacteria in lipids derived from the Golgi complex, which cover and smother them. to mix the pathogens with strong hydrolytic enzymes and destroy them. to prepare the bacteria for export from the body.

to mix the pathogens with strong hydrolytic enzymes and destroy them.