Biology 9.3 eWorkbook

What is a domain? What are the three domains?

A domain is a taxon that is larger and more inclusive than the kingdom. Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

Eukaryota consists of the _____, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista kingdoms.

Animalia

List the members of the domain Eukaryota.

Animalia (animals), Plantae (plants), Fungi (fungi), Protista (protists)

Which two domains consist only of single-celled prokaryotes?

Bacteria and Archaea

The three domains of life include _____.

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota

_____ gives each species a unique, two-word Latin name.

Binomial nomenclature

Who is considered the "father of taxonomy?"

Carolus Linnaeus

developed classification system in the 1700s

Carolus Linnaeus

Homo sapiens means "ape (primate) with big brain."

False - "wise human"

Carolus Linnaeus developed his classification system in the early 1800s.

False - 1700s

Most biologists agree there are four domains of life on Earth: Bacteria, Archaea, Prokaryota, and Eukaryota.

False - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

Organisms are currently grouped together if they look alike.

False - cell structure and evolutionary history

Closely related species are grouped together in a family.

False - genus

Linnaeus grouped together organisms that shared obvious physical traits, such as number of heads or shape of toes.

False - number of legs or shape of leaves

The genus is the smallest and most exclusive grouping.

False - species

The Linnaean system of classification consists of a hierarchy of groupings, called domains.

False - taxa

An example of binomial nomenclature would be _____.

Homo sapiens, Panthera tigris, Tyrannosaurus rex

List the order of domains, from most inclusive to most exclusive.

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

All modern classification systems have their roots in the _____.

Linnaean classification system

system in which modern classification systems are based

Linnaean classification system

Eukaryotic organisms that are neither fungi, plants, nor animals are members of which kingdom?

Protista

What is a major difference between a kingdom and a species?

The kingdom is the largest and most inclusive grouping. It consists of organisms that share just a few basic similarities. The species is the smallest and most exclusive grouping. It consists of organisms that are similar enough to produce fertile offspring together.

Binomial nomenclature gives each species a unique, two-word Latin name.

True

Classification helps understand the present diversity and past evolutionary history of life on Earth.

True

Eukaryota consists of four kingdoms: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista.

True

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a group of related organisms.

True

The domain is a grouping that is larger and more inclusive than the kingdom.

True

The evolution of life on Earth is ongoing for over 4 billion years.

True

The kingdom is the largest and most inclusive grouping.

True

gives each species a unique, two-word Latin name

binomial nomenclature

The reptile clade shows that _____ evolved from reptiles.

birds

A _____ is a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants.

clade

a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants

clade

The science of _____ organisms is called taxonomy.

classifying

What is Linnaeus known for?

developed the Linnaean classification system tried to classify all living things that were known at his time

A _____ is a new taxon that is larger and more inclusive than the kingdom.

domain

a taxon that is larger and more inclusive than the kingdom

domain

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota are the three _____ of life.

domains

Phylogeny is the _____ of a group of related organisms.

evolutionary history

grouping of closely related species

genus

What is binomial nomenclature?

gives each species a unique, two-word Latin name consisting of the genus name and the species name (Homo sapiens)

the largest and most inclusive grouping

kingdom

Revisions in Linnaean classification were made, in part, because _____.

of an understanding of the biochemistry of many organisms

represents a phylogeny

phylogenetic tree

the evolutionary history of a group of related organisms

phylogeny

The Bacteria and Archaea domains both consist of single-celled _____.

prokaryotes

The _____ is the smallest and most exclusive grouping.

species

the smallest and most exclusive grouping

species

groupings

taxa

A hierarchy of groupings is known as a _____.

taxon

the science of classifying organisms

taxonomy

Phylogeny refers to _____.

the evolutionary history of a group of related organisms