Biology A: Preparing for Quiz 2 Unit 4

Grafting is an ancient practice. True or False

True

If you develop a particular flower which cannot be reproduced from seeds, it could be preserved by grafting. True or False

True

The process of a parent cell dividing into a large number of genetically identical cells all at once is known as _____ . regeneration binary fission budding reproduction by spores multiple fission

multiple fission

The act of propagating or establishing and growing new plants

propagation

A one- or few-celled organism with chromosomes

protist

Four principal advantages of asexual reproduction are: reproduction at a rapid rate reproduction utilizing many different genotypes reproduction in harsh climates reproduction producing a variety of phenotypes reproduction with only one parent reproduction genetically of identical offspring

reproduction at a rapid rate reproduction in harsh climates reproduction with only one parent reproduction genetically of identical offspring

A ____________________ is a horizontal stem at or just beneath the surface of the ground which can give rise to roots or stems.

rhizome

A stem at or just beneath the surface of the ground which can give rise to aerial stems or roots

rhizome

A small, resistant cell that can grow into a new organism. They may be produced either by meiosis or mitosis

spore

Has true conductive tissues within it. It usually has true roots, stems, and leaves

vascular plant

The act of propagating or establishing and growing new plants

vegetative propagation

A fleshy, enlarged stem of a rhizome or stolon. It has buds and can grow new plants

tuber

One-celled

unicellular

An advantage of grafting is to increase the quality of the rootstock. True or False

False

Asexual reproduction requires gametes but not fertilization. True or False

False

Colonies occur when an animal produces many young asexually and they become detached from the original (parent) animal and result as an independent mass. True or False

False

Large variations in a crop may be developed by employing asexual reproduction. True or False

False

The new plant produced by the technique of layering must remain attached to the stem of the original plant. True or False

False

_______________________ is a type of cell division used in asexual reproduction.

Mitosis

A common fruit that can only reproduce asexually is Thompson seedless grapes. True or False

True

A root which develops from stem or leaf tissue instead of root tissue is said to be ___________________.

adventitious

Refers to the appearance of buds or roots from tissue which is not bud or root tissue

adventitious

A phenomenon in which a one-celled organism divides by mitosis into two organisms

binary fission

The simplest form of asexual reproduction is called _____. regeneration binary fission budding reproduction by conidia multiple fission

binary fission

A kind of asexual reproduction involving the growth of a new individual from part of an older organism

budding

An onion or daffodil reproduces by means of an underground structure called a _________________.

bulb

The central portion of a starfish. The arms of a starfish radiate from the central disk

central disk

A group of organisms attached to one another after undergoing asexual reproduction from a common parent

colony

A special kind of asexual spore found in many kinds of fungi

conidia

A short, solid, enlarged underground stem used for food storage and for asexual reproduction

corm

A short, vertical, solid, or fleshy stem possessed by gladiolus and which is used in reproduction is termed a __________________.

corm

All of the following are basic types of asexual reproduction in lower organisms except: regeneration binary fission budding egg-laying multiple fission reproduction by spores

egg-laying

A spore that develops by mitosis

mitospore

Organisms break into two or more parts and then each part grows into a new individual.

regeneration

When an organism of many cells breaks up into two or more parts, and when these parts survive to produce a new organism, reproduction occurs by ____________________.

regeneration

A successful cutting requires that the new plant acquire its own ______________.

root

A fleshy, enlarged end of a rhizome or stolon is called a __________________.

tuber

A technique which involves reducing the scion to a singular bud in grafting

budding

The portion of a plant with the root system used in grafting

root stock

A stem which grows out periodically producing new stems and leaves on one side, and roots on the other

stolon

A successful scion will produce the product of the rootstock with greater quality. True or False

False

Asexual reproduction always yields offspring which are identical to their parent. True or False

True

Nearly all plants can be reproduced asexually. True or False

True

Occasionally asexual reproduction can cause undesirable proliferation of an organism. True or False

True

Offspring which arise as a contiguous outgrowth of the parent is called ___________________.

budding

A plant structure with enlarged leaf bases and stored food surrounding a central bit of fleshy stem tissue

bulb

A technique in which a part of the stem or a bud is inserted into a plant with a good root system

grafting

The technique of developing roots on a stem of a plant while that stem is still attached to the parent plant

layering

A technique in horticulture using a cutting made from a leaf or leaf tissue to grow a new plant

leaf cutting

A _________________ is a spore that develops by mitosis.

mitospore

A cell undergoes many mitotic divisions in the nucleus and a number of daughter cells are produced all at once

multiple fission

The part of a desired plant inserted into rootstock during grafting is called the ________________.

scion

The portion of a plant with buds, that is placed into the stock by grafting or budding

scion

A cutting made from the root of a plant which develops adventitious buds and grows into a new plant

root cutting

The portion of the vascular plant which has the majority of the methods of asexual reproduction occurring in it is called the ______________________.

stem

A cutting of stem tissue used to grow a new plant

stem cutting

(Select all that apply.) Cuttings used for growing plants may be taken from which of the following? stems roots flowers leaves

stems roots leaves

A _____________________ is a stem growing from a plant that periodically produces new stems and leaves on one side and roots on the other.

stolon

____________________ is the division of a parent cell into a number of daughter cells all at once.

multiple fission