Biology climate change quiz 2

Which statement below best summarizes the overall purpose of the light-dependent reactions? A) The light-dependent reactions capture the energy from the sun and transfer it to high-energy molecules. B) The light-dependent reactions capture the energy from the sun and convert it to glucose. C) The light-dependent reactions use energy to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrate molecules. D) The light-dependent reactions convert high-energy molecules into carbohydrates.

A) The light-dependent reactions capture the energy from the sun and transfer it to high-energy molecules.

How does climate change affect earth's oceans? A) The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more acidic environment, leading to stress and the possible extinction of many species of shellfish and corals. B) The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more basic environment, leading to a decrease in overall productivity. C) As levels of carbon in the atmosphere increase, the amount of carbon in the ocean decreases proportionately. D) Excess carbon in the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, which directly increases ocean temperature.

A) The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more acidic environment, leading to stress and the possible extinction of many species of shellfish and corals.

A product of photosynthesis, ________ is a carbon-based molecule that is the chief source of energy for most organisms. A) oxygen B) sucrose C) glucose D) All of the answer choices are correct.

C) glucose

Which of the following is the most likely cause for the sudden sharp increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels? A) human activities, including the use of fossil fuels, changes in agricultural practices, and deforestation B) photosynthesis C) respiration from the earth's many living organisms D) normal fluctuations in the natural levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

A) human activities, including the use of fossil fuels, changes in agricultural practices, and deforestation

Over the past several decades, the overall trend for earth's temperatures has been A) increases in overall global temperatures at an accelerating rate, a phenomenon known as global warming. B) cyclical periods of warming and cooling, known as global climate change. C) a gentle trend towards colder winters and hotter summers, which averages out to be very little overall global temperature changes. D) decreases in overall global temperatures at an accelerating rate, a phenomenon known as global cooling.

A) increases in overall global temperatures at an accelerating rate, a phenomenon known as global warming.

Which of the following acts as a carbon source within the carbon cycle? A) respiration from humans and animals B) photosynthesis by plants C) the harvesting of fossil fuel from within the earth D) release of carbon dioxide into the air by the ocean

A) respiration from humans and animals

13) The light reactions of photosynthesis occur within the ________ of the chloroplast and the Calvin cycle reactions occur within the ________ of the chloroplast. A) thylakoid; stroma B) stroma; thylakoid C) thylakoid; outer membrane D) stroma; outer membrane

A) thylakoid; stroma

9) As global temperatures increase, which of the following scenarios is most likely to happen? A) Sea surface temperatures and ocean heat content decrease. B) Glaciers and snow coverage decrease. C) Extreme weather events decrease. D) Temperatures and humidity decrease.

B) Glaciers and snow coverage decrease.

What do all greenhouse gases have in common? A) They all precipitate as acid rain. B) They have complex structures that allow them to contribute to the greenhouse effect by trapping heat energy. C) They are present in extremely large concentrations in the atmosphere. D) They have simple structures and allow infrared energy to pass through the atmosphere to warm the earth.

B) They have complex structures that allow them to contribute to the greenhouse effect by trapping heat energy.

Because fossil fuels are the remains of once living organisms, they contain reservoirs of ________ that are released into the atmosphere when they are burned. A) oxygen B) carbon C) nitrogen D) phosphorus

B) carbon

Climate can best be described as A) the temperature and rainfall of a specific area over the course of a year. B) the average weather patterns in a given area over long periods of time. C) how hot or cold a location is based on its altitude. D) how hot or cold a location is based on its distance from the equator.

B) the average weather patterns in a given area over long periods of time.

Which of the following are greenhouse gases? A) carbon dioxide and oxygen B) oxygen and methane C) methane and carbon dioxide D) nitrogen and carbon dioxide

C) methane and carbon dioxide

10) Carbon sinks are reservoirs that hold large amounts of carbon. Which of the following are considered to be carbon sinks? A) oceans B) fossil fuels deep underground C) the atmosphere D) All of the answer choices are correct.

D) All of the answer choices are correct.

How do greenhouse gases cause climate warming? A) Greenhouse gases absorb solar energy and re-emit it into space before it can reach the earth's surface. B) Infrared energy from space is absorbed by greenhouse gases in the upper atmosphere, which then re-emit the heat toward the surface of the earth, causing the climate to warm. C) Greenhouse gases block solar energy from entering the lower level of the atmosphere. D) Greenhouse gases prevent radiation of infrared energy back into space, trapping the heat near the earth's surface and causing the climate to warm.

D) Greenhouse gases prevent radiation of infrared energy back into space, trapping the heat near the earth's surface and causing the climate to warm.

The greenhouse effect. A) will lead to decreased sea levels. B) decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. C) increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. D) is caused by gases such as carbon dioxide trapping heat in the earth's atmosphere.

D) is caused by gases such as carbon dioxide trapping heat in the earth's atmosphere.