biology EOC

Look at the cross section of a cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell. H+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. How do you describe this type of transport across the cell membrane?

A. active transport

When Streptococcus pneumoniae are exposed to an antibiotic, the bacteria try to pump the antibiotic out of their cells. Which of the following mechanisms is most likely used by the Streptococcus pneumoniae to pump the antibiotic out of their cells?

A. active transport

The combined observations of Mattias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolph Virchow resulted in the formation of the cell theory. Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?

A. all cells contain a nucleus

Carrot sticks that are left in a dish of freshwater for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar sticks left in a saltwater solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the freshwater is ______ and the saltwater is ________ to the cells of the carrot sticks.

A. hypotonic, hypertonic

the rough endoplasmic reticulum is a cell structure that consists of folded membrane contain ribosomes. what is the advantage of the folded membranes?

A. increases surface area in order to produce more proteins

a research group has discovered that damselflies, a type of dragonfly, are being infected by a particular type of aquatic protozoan. both young and adult damselflies are not directly infected by the protozoan but contract the infection from the prey they eat. the graph shows the percentage of adult damselflies infected by protozoans during the summer and early fall. which of the following conclusions is best supported by the graph?

A. infection in embanked ponds increased during the sampling period.

which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?

A. ribosome - protein synthesis

What is the independent variable in the experiment from question #38?

A. solution A, B, & C

Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?

A. the insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding water molecules together

Osmosis occurs when there is a different concentration of solute molecules on each slide of the membrane. the drawing below shows a beaker containing a 30% salt solution and a suspended cell containing a 10% salt solution. what statement best describes the cell after 20 minutes?

A. water will move from the cell into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell

the diagram below represents a cell. which organelle in the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?

B. 2

Water is often called the "universal solvent" because many substances can be dissolved in water. What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent?

B. Polarity and cohesion

Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top of the lake insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique property of water contributes to this effect?

B. Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes

using a microscope in the science lab, Jill observed two unknown cells: cell 1 and cell 2. she identified as a plant cell and cell 2 as an animal cell. her teacher told her she identified the cells correctly. what did jill most likely observe to correctly identify the cells?

B. cell 1 had a cell wall and cell 2 did not.

Joy took the notes shown below while learning about cells. • Forms boundary between a cell and the outside environment • Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell • Consists of double layer of phospholipids She forgot to write the name of the cell structure that her class was studying that day. What structure is described in her notes?

B. cell membrane

look at the cell membrane model below. what is the macromolecule that makes up the majority of the cell membrane?

B. lipid

the cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called

B. semi-permeable

Cells found in plants and animals have similarities but can differ in function. Consider the following two organisms: a corn plant cell (Zea mays) and a camel cell (Bactrianus ferus). What is the best explanation for the difference in the cellular vacuole size between these two biotic organisms?

B. the camel cells have a small vacuole size because it does not need long term water and electrolyte storage.

muscle cells are responsible for obtaining energy so the body can perform voluntary and involuntary movement. Using your knowledge about organelles and muscles, how would a muscle cell differ from other types of animal cells?

B. the muscle cell would have more mitochondria than the other types of animal cells

Cells can be classified into two different categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Which of the following information is needed in order to determine if an organism is prokaryotic?

B. the organism's internal structures

a plant and an animal are both living things. according to the cell theory, what can you conclude about these two very different organisms?

B. they are both made of one or more cells

A florist places a bouquet of white carnations in water containing blue dye. After a time, the flowers turn blue. What process helped the carnations to change color?

C. Cohesion and adhesion of water molecules

Water has a much higher specific heat than most other covalent compounds. What do you predict might happen if water had a low specific heat instead?

C. Organisms that are sensitive to changes in temperature would die

Water is essential for life. Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life. What properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

C. Water exhibits cohesive behavior

which of the statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific kingdom?

C. cells form through spontaneous generation

which of the following functions does active transport perform in a cell?

C. moving substances against a concentration gradient

If a cell's lysosomes were damaged, which of the following would most likely occur?

C. the cell would be less able to break down molecules in its cytoplasm

which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?

C. the light microscope

A beaker is divided into two halves, A & B, by a membrane that is freely permeable to the water and NaCl but not to protein. Side A is half-filled with a solution of 8% protein, while side B is half filled with a 2% protein solution. Predict what would happen to side A after a few hours.

C. the number of water molecules has increased

an osmosis investigation was conducted using chicken eggs to represent cells with semipermeable membranes. the mass of each egg was measured to determine how much water diffused into or out of the eggs. the eggs were first soaked in vinegar to dissolve the shell. egg was then placed in one of the three different solutions for 24 hours. the table below shows the results of the investigation. based on this experiment, which of the following should be inferred about cells with semi permeable membranes?

C. water enters the cell when placed in environments of high water concentration.

the diagram below represents a cell of a green plant. Solar energy is used to produce energy rich compounds in which structure?

D. 4

which of the following contain complex, membrane-bound organelles? 1. bacteria 2. viruses 3. eukaryotic 4. prokaryotic

D. 4 only

Two of the four principle classes of organic compounds are proteins and nucleic acids. What is the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids?

D. Nucleic acids contain the information to make proteins

what is the advantage of cells being so small?

D. The cell then has a larger surface area to volume ratio which means it can move nutrients into the cell and waste out more efficiently.

Water makes up approximately 60% of the human body and plays a vital role in regulating body temperature. What property of water makes it good at regulating temperature?

D. Water has a high capacity for heat

Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, don't quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?

D. Water has a high heat capacity

A specific type of cell is being studied by a scientist. She notices the cell contains a nucleus, lysosomes, a cell membrane and cell wall. What is the correct classification of this cell?

D. a eukaryotic cell plant

Which of these best completes this concept map?

D. a plant cell

Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?

D. both plant and animal cells

The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. the following particles are moving form high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. how would you describe this type of movement across the membrane?

D. facilliated diffusion

In an emergency trauma room, a doctor accidentally gives a patient a large transfusion of distilled water directly into one of his veins instead of blood. Predict what might happen if distilled water was given to the patient instead of blood.

D. have serious, perhaps fatal effects because the red blood cells would tend to burst

a lab technician needs to determine whether cells in a test tube are prokaryotic or eukaryotic. the technician has several dyes she could use to stain the cells. four of the dyes are described in the table below. which dye could the technician use to determine whether the cells are prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

D. nile blue

there are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

D. ribosome

a team of biology students performed an experiment to test the effects of four different solutions on a de-shelled, raw chicken egg. each raw, unbroken chicken egg of the same size was placed in each of four different solutions. twenty-four hours later the following results we obtained. using the data table above and your knowledge about the process of science, which solution would represent the control in this experiment?

D. solution D

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?

D. the water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution.

which characteristics do most plants have in common?

D. they are autotrophic

Maria, after finding no cold sodas in the refrigerator, placed a can of soda in the freezer. She then proceeded to check her social networking site and forgot about the soda. Later that evening her brother went to get some ice and it was brown. Maria's soda can had split open. What is the best explanation for what happened?

b. When the water froze, the space between the hydrogen molecules expanded

In pure water, a red blood cell from an animal will swell and burst, but a leaf cell from a plant will not. Which structure in the leaf cell is responsible for this difference?

b. cell wall

Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae. What type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae?

c. Nucleic Acid