Biology for a Changing World Chapter 19

hypha

a long, threadlike structure through which fungi absorb nutrients

alga

a uni- or multicellular photosynthetic protist

What do all members of the informal group known as protists have in common?

all eukaryotic

invertebrate

animal lacking a backbone

vertebrate

animal with a body or cartilaginous backbone

eukaryote

any organism of the domain Eukarya characterized by the presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles

What is similar about cockroaches and lobsters?

arthropods with an exoskeleton

What do fishers and humans have in common?

backbones, mammary glands, and body hair

What do a backbone and an exoskeleton have in common?

both provide support to an animal's body

What group of plants were first on land and why aren't they everywhere today?

bryophytes, they can only live in damp environments and cannot live drier environments

protist

eukaryote that cannot be classified as a plant, animal, or fungus, usually unicelular

What do a fisher and fir tree have in common?

eukaryotic and live in Olympic National Park

animal

eukaryotic multicellular organism that obtains nutrients by ingesting other organisms

exoskeleton

external hard skeleton covering the body of many animals, such as arthopods

arthropod

invertebrate having a segmented body, a hard exoskeleton, and jointed appendages

What are defining features in eukaryotes with the domain Eukarya?

membrane-bound organisms including a nucleus

plant

multicellular eukaryote that has cell walls, carries out photosynthesis, and is adapted to living on land

bryophyte

nonvascular plant that does not produce seeds

decomposer

organism such as a fungus or bacterium that digests and uses the organic molecules in dead organisms as sources of nutrients and energy

radial symmetry

pattern exhibited by a body plan that is circular with no defined left or right

bilateral symmetry

pattern exhibited by a body plan with right and left halves that are mirror images of each other

vascular plant

plant with tissues that transport water and nutrients through the plant body

What type of body symmetry does a sand dollar have?

radial

How do fungi obtain nutrients and energy?

secreting digestive enzymes onto their food, the food is then digested and absorbed

angiosperm

seed-bearing flowering plant with seeds typically contained within a fruit

gymnosperm

seed-bearing plant with exposed seeds typically held in cones

annelid

segmented worm such as an earthworm

insect

six-legged arthropod with three body segments, head thorax, and abdomen

mollusk

soft-bodied invertebrate, generally with a hard shell (tiny, internal or absent)

endoskeleton

solid internal skeleton found in many animals including humans

mycelium

spreading mass of interwoven hyphae that forms the often subterranean body of multicellular fungi

fern

the first true vascular plants (no seeds)

What is a major difference between a fern and moss?

the presence of a vascular system

How does physical diversity effect biodiversity? (Olympic National Park)

the variety of habitats influence difference adaptations

fungus

unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic organism that obtains nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes onto organic matter and absorbing the digesting product