Biology

What are the three functions of proteins in the body?

1. Transport 02 2. Membrane pumps 3. Structural Support

How many amino acids exist?

20

What are the three nitrogen bases found on DNA?

Adenine, Guanine, Thymine

What are glycerol and other organic compounds with an -ol ending called?

Alcohols

Glycine is what type of monomer?

Amino Acid

What is the chemical formula for glucose?

C6 H12 O6

Glucose is a monomer for what macromolecule?

Carbohydrate

Fatty acids are made of long chains of what? What atoms are attached to these chains?

Carbon Atom, Hydrogen Atoms

What are the names of the four elements that make up cytosine?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen

What three elements make up fatty acids?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

What are the 2 nucleic acids found in organisms?

DNA and RNA

Besides glycerol, what other molecules make up a triglyceride?

Fatty Acids

What other simple sugars have the same chemical formula as glucose?

Fructose and Galactose

Triglycerides are the monomers for what type of macromolecule?

Lipids

What are simple sugars like glucose called?

Monosaccharides

What are the 4 things attached to the center carbon in ALL amino acids?

NH2, H, H, COOH

What element is found in amino acid that isn't found in simple sugars like glucose or fructose?

Nitrogen

Cytosine is an example of a nitrogen base found on what type of acid?

Nucleic Acids

Amino acids join together to make what type of macromolecule?

Proteins or Amino Acids

What is the function of carbohydrates for the body?

Provides energy and structure

Glycerol is one of two molecules that make up what monomer?

Triglycerides

What nitrogen base is found on RNA but not DNA?

Uracil

What are the four types of lipids and their functions?

a. Fats - protect body organs b. Waxes - protection against water loss c. Oils - long term energy storage d. Steroids - chemical messenger